Ntchito zachuma a Lena Mtsinje. mitsinje yodutsira la Russia: malongosoledwe yochepa, chithunzi

Mu Russia, ambiri a madzi umayenda - mitsinje yodutsira. Mmodzi wa iwo - Lena. Mu dziko nduna tithe 10 m'litali ndi 8 - pa olemera. Otuluka mwa dera Irkutsk, Yakutia, Khabarovsk, Krasnoyarsk ndi Trans-Baikal Gawo, ndi Region Amur ndi Buryatia. Ndi pafupifupi kwambiri lalikulu mtsinje Russia; dziwe lake lonse lili m'dera la Chitaganya cha Russia. Utali ndi 4 TH. Km. Anatsegula kuchokera pamwamba malire m'munsi, amaundana mu dongosolo iwowo. Zoyendetsedwa mvula ndi madzi kusungunuka.

Gwero ndi pakamwa

Zochita za mtsinje Lena imayamba ndi kukambirana za chiyambi chake ndi mapeto - gwero ndi pakamwa.

Yaikulu Siberia mtsinje zimachokera ku dambo yaing'ono, yomwe ili pa Baikal Mountains. Iwo mwalamulo ankaona kuti gwero. m'litali ndi 300 Km. A malo ochepa malo otsetsereka ake zatenga nkhalango paini, Nthawi zina steppe, nayonso ndi pang'ono apamwamba. Mitengo Tingaone pamalo okwera 1400 m. Apa, mumtsinjewo yopapatiza zokwanira.

Njira pakati ili mu dera pakati Aldan ndi Vitim (makhwawa Lena) watercourse zambiri ndipo inasanduka mtsinje kwambiri, kuya amene ali 20 m. Pambuyo confluence ndi Vilyuya kumakhaladi otaya mokwanira lalikulu. Apa, m'lifupi ndi zoposa 10 Km (m'madera ena chiwerengerochi ndi katatu).

Mu malire m'munsi likuyenderera mu mapiri osiyanasiyana zitunda, wasefukira mu Nyanja Laptev, limene lili kumpoto kwa Siberia ndi otchedwa polemekeza abale Khariton ndi wotchedwa Dmitry Laptev. Nyengo nkhanza panyanja: izo zonse adamuwumiriza ndi ayezi (kupatula August ndi September).

Geography mtsinje

Ntchito zachuma a Lena Mtsinje Pamlingo waukulu zimadalira zinthu dera. Mumayenda kutalika ndi 4 zikwi makilomita. Ndi pambuyo pake lagawidwa malo atatu osiyana:

• Choyamba, kuchokera ku gwero kwa Vitim.
• Chachiwiri, kuchokera Vitim kuti Aldan.
• Chachitatu, kwa Aldan ku Nyanja Laptev.

Near gwero la Lena Mtsinje, umene ndi makilomita ochepa kuchokera ku nyanja, tchalitchi yaing'ono, maginito alendo ochokera konsekonse mu dziko inamangidwa mu mochedwa 90s.

Mu gawo lachiwiri la kutalika mtsinjewo 1415 Km. Zonse za izo lili Yakutia. Kulumikizana ndi Vitim Lena kuwonjezera m'gawo lake. Pano mukhoza kukumana ambiri zilumba zazing'ono, zina mchere ncho. Valley ziwonjezeke kwa 25 Km. The otsetsereka kumanzere wofatsa ndi bwino - ndi steeper ndi apamwamba. Apa nkhalango ndi ambiri coniferous, kufalitsa meadows. Mu Pokrovsk m'dera lothetsera pansi, liwiro si upambana 1.2 m / s.

Mtsinje amakhala waukulu kwambiri gawo lachitatu. m'lifupi ndi zoposa 20 Km, kuya -. 20 mamita Delta komanso akuyamba makilomita 140 monga ku Nyanja Laptev.

Hydrology. Kaperekedwe mtsinje

Lena ndi malo omwe n'zotheka kuchotsa mchere. Payenera maofesi wapadera.

Mbali A la mtsinje amadzimadzi akhoza munanena kuti kasupe chigumula zidzachitika, nthawi zambiri protracted. Iwo amadyetsa mtsinje thawed ndi mvula madzi, osachepera - pansi. Pa mtsinje, komanso zimachitika kawirikawiri zimabwerera ndi madzi otsika.

Nthawi zambiri ntchito zachuma a Lena Mtsinje zimatengera ndendende pa ulamuliro hydrological, nthawi zina kuwawonetsera apa si dzanja bwino.

Mu 1986 iye anali pazipita masiku ano otaya mtsinje: 402 Km ^3. Pa nthawi, chithunzi uyu anatsika ndi kangapo. Komanso, nthawi zonse kumasintha mchikakamizo cha ntchito dzuwa, ndi zambiri mwachindunji, m'zinthu ake.

zinthu Ice kulepheretsa ntchito chuma mtsinje. Pali zambiri uka sachedwa chifukwa ayezi, ndipo iye ndi mphamvu zokwanira wakuda. Makamaka, chifukwa cha zimenezi, pa kasupe m'firiji pamtunda anasefukira m'madera ambiri.

zomangamanga

Lena Mtsinje Map limasonyeza m'madera onse waukulu chifukwa - waukulu madzi mtsempha wamagazi wa Yakutia. Kuti ndi ulusi chimango m'chigawo cha dziko ndi anansi ake. yobereka kumpoto ikuchitika ndendende molingana Lena.

Kachug - woyamba waukulu gawo, koma basi pamwamba pa mtsinje simuli zotengera chabe. Chifukwa madzi osaya ndi zikanavulaza akutembenukira otaya madzi m'dera la Ayenela-Kut kuti Vitim inflow ntchito asang'ambe. Ndi ambiri zakufa zovuta ntchito zachuma a Lena Mtsinje. Chaka chilichonse pali dredging.

Kuwonjezera pa madoko angapo ili pa milato otaya. Komanso zakonzedwa ntchito yomanga kuwoloka wapadera njanji kuti magawowa kayendedwe.

The ntchito chuma mtsinje

Lena amapereka madzi malo ake Chilwa magombe ake. Komanso, lakonzedwa nsomba. Chifukwa chakuti palibe madamu, nsomba imabereka chabwino. Nsombazi ndi yotchuka kwambiri ya nyama m'madzi kawirikawiri pano. Kale nsomba chakudya akula mamita 2, koma chifukwa osauka anthu zinthu zachilengedwe milled. Kuwonjezera Nsombazi Lena moyo ndi ena, mitundu zochepa wapatali.

Nsomba - kugwiritsa ntchito chabe ya chiwerengero cha mtsinje. boma sikuti kumanga, ndipo madamu opangira magetsi, kotero cholinga chachikulu cha watercourse ndi angatchedwe yekha mayendedwe a katundu.

mitsinje yodutsira a dziko

Map la Mtsinje Lena, kumene sikukhala. kukula kwake adzasiya palibe aliyense osayanjanitsika. Komabe, izi si madzi kutuluka mu Russian Federation, amene amalola makhoti kusuntha.

Ndipo pamene dziko lonse zina anaona kupanda lakuthwa zoyendera madzi, kusintha makilomita 146.000 misewu.

Russian yodutsira m'mitsinje momwazikanamwazikana dziko lathu lalikulu. Chief mwa awa ndi Volga-Kama beseni. Apa, madzi chimadzera zipangizo ufa, mafuta, zomangamanga.

Mitsempha Chofunika kwambiri ndi:

• Volga. Mtsinje waukulu mu Europe. Iwo ali pafupifupi 200 makhwawa. Izo zinali kuphatikizapo mphamvu yambiri.

• Kama. Okongola kwambiri Russian Mtsinje. Nthawi zambiri iye anaimba andakatulo ndime zapita, ndipo mu zojambula aluso monga zikwama, Shishkin ndi ena.

• Oka. Umayamba pa chapakati Russian zomwe zili ndi amalowa Volga. Ndi yaikulu ya tributary ake.

• Don. Poyamba, anali gwero la Ivan Lake, koma patapita linasinthidwa kukhala Urvanku, chifukwa cha kuchuluka ka madzi. Panopa gwero woyamba wa Don kulibe, mu malo ake anapanga mgodi.

The vuto lalikulu Lena ndi udindo wake zachilengedwe. Iwo likuipiraipira chaka chilichonse, omwe likuletsa ntchito mulingo woyenera zachuma. Mbali yaikulu kuipitsa amakhudza nyengo madzi zinyalala kumaliseche ndi kayendedwe ka zoyendera zosiyanasiyana. Ngati boma la Russia sikungathetse vutolo, kenako patatha zaka zochepa anthu zidzawapita gwero la madzi akumwa.