Kuwombera osiyanasiyana 120 mamilimita matope. Mtondo yowotcha osiyanasiyana

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 20 m'gulu la Nkhondo nkhondo inali nthawi kusintha. Ngakhale mbali chikumenyana anakumba, anakumba ngalande ndi multiport wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba ndi waya waminga, mphamvu zonse za kugwiritsa ntchito zida zankhondo, ochokera mfuti kwa mfuti makina ndi zida zamphamvu moto ikhoza kuwononga kwambiri kwa nkhondo.

Waya waminga kutchera mabomba ochita moto, umene anakoka lankhondo la adani. Ndiponso anawononga malinga, koma oyenda cha mdani atabisala kuseri kunkhondo kwambiri ndipo kwakukulukulu ..silinaona zomvetsa. Kodi kuchita?
Maonekedwe a matope nkhondo udasintha modabwitsa muyezo wa mphamvu. Komanso, pazipita yowotcha osiyanasiyana mortars wakhala chinthu zoopsa chifukwa kusintha kupezerapo, osati pa omenyera nkhondo, komanso kuphana m'tawuni.

Woyamba Russian matope

Mbiri yakale, kutchula koyamba za ntchito zida kuponya projectiles pa mfundo za matope otchulidwa pa nkhondo Chirasha Japanese 1904 - 1905 gg.

Mu malo ya Port Arthur anali kwambiri pa nyanja Shestova Mphindi. Iwo anali chitsulo chipolopolo conical mawonekedwe pa yaitali 15-mita mtengo. Akuphedwa kuwombera maganizo "zipolopolo" anapatsidwa kapitawo L. N. Gobyato. Kuti zimenezi zitheke anaganiza ntchito 47 mamilimita osakwatiwa-mbiya mfuti Gochinksa kuti chinaikidwa kwa chikuku wosazindikira, amene anathandiza kuonjezera okwera mbali ° 45 ° 65.
Pamaso kuwombera mbiya anaikidwa mu mtengo Bomba (mzati adzafupikitsidwa) ndi wad, amene imodzi akutumikira monga gawo lotetezedwa ndi pa kuwombera. Iye anaika kumbuyo malaya ndi akuimbidwa mlandu.

Ziziyenda mabomba mu ndege kuti aziwapatsa chetyrohlepestnym stabilizer. mtondo yowotcha osiyanasiyana Motero ku mamita 40 400, ndi wanga wobala kuwonongeka zikuluzikulu pa kuphulika lapansi. Ndipo n'zosadabwitsa, popeza wanga panyanja ndi asilikali mlandu kulemedwa makilogalamu 6.2!

nthawi Mtondo ya nkhondo yachiwiri

Mu August 1941, Soviet Union Committee silikhali anaganiza kuonjezera nkhani kukula 120 mamilimita mortars. Zinali smoothbore kukhwimitsa chitetezo ndi chiwembu cha makona kungoganiza. Tsegula matope zinachitika kuyambira kuipanikiza.

Kuwombera osiyanasiyana anali 120 mamilimita matope pa kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zosiyanasiyana mfuti ya 460 mamita 5700 mamita (kuwombera kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino kwa ° 45 80 °).

Komanso, mortars anali aziwapatsa absorbers amapasa mantha ndipo anatenga mfuti kuti adzasintha makhalidwe nkhondo.

Mortars 1955

Experience nkhondowo ntchito mfuti 120 mm ya nyemba mu 1943 anali n'komwe polenga matope regimental mu 1955. Development wa matope a kusinthidwa izi zinachitikadi m'manja mwa zina kuti adzipeza Shavyrina. Pamene thupi lomwelo ndi osiyanasiyana 120 mamilimita matope linawonjezeka ndi chinali 7.1 Km.

kuwombera molondola anali motere:

• pafupifupi lateral kupatuka a 12,8 mamita;
• apakatikati kukondera osiyanasiyana 28,4 m.

Mu mtondo malo mfuti akhoza kufalitsidwa kwa mphindi 1.5.

Mtondo chonyamulira "Tundzha"

Kukula kwa kudzilungamitsa injini unsembe inayamba mu 1965 monga galimotoyo ntchito spetstyagach mfuti MT-LB. Mtondo M-120 (2B11) kuyikidwa mu makina casing. Anatsegula matope zinthu usilikali wakhala anakonza m'njira kuti mbale m'munsi anapuma pa nthaka, ndi mbiya nthawi yomweyo mokomera makina.

Zipolopolo kulemera kwa makilogalamu 16, 120 mamilimita matope mtundu:

• 0-843A;
• 3-843A;
• 0-843 ndi ena.

Yowotcha osiyanasiyana 120 mamilimita mortars, mamita:

• 480-7100.

akuloza kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino:

• ofukula 45 ° -80 °;
• yopingasa ± 5 ~ 26).

Voterani zinthu nkhondowo, rds / Mph .:

• 10.

Zipolopolo, mabomba:

• 60.

Mtondo zovuta "Sunny"

Mu 1979 pa mikono Analeredwa ndi 120 mm zovuta "Sunny." Pamafunikanso:

• Mtondo 2F510;
• mphira wotopa sitiroko 2L81 (detachable);
• 2F510 zoyendera galimoto (GAZ-66-05 m'munsi).

Zolondola yowotcha osiyanasiyana 120 mamilimita matope:

• kuchokera 480 mpaka 7100 m.

mlingo:

• zipolopolo 15 pa mphindi.

Matope zida ndi zipangizo akuonadi:

• Pamaso MPM-44M;
• mfuti collimator K2-1;
• Ray-P2M kuyatsa chipangizo.

Uthunthu yeniyeni ya moto matope, anakwanitsa nkhokwe Km-8:

• makilomita 9,0.

Atakhala "Nona-S"

Masiku panopa armament matope langokhala pophatikizana 120 mamilimita mortars ndi Cannon breech-potsegula zida zankhondo howitzers. SAU pansi pa dzina 2S9 "Nona-S", mu utumiki mu 1976, amatha kuwombera onse zipolopolo rifled ndi mabomba ndi nthenga, ndipo izi zimakhudza kuchuluka osiyanasiyana moto 120 mfuti mm.

Mwayi "Nona-S" kwambiri anawonjezera n'kukupatsani kuziyika izo osati kupondereza mphamvu ya mdani, komanso kuononga chitetezo, kuti apambane pankhondoyo ndi akasinja.

Ntchito mu mapiri, "Nona-S" makamaka chofunika kwambiri, monga anakulira pachimake mbiya wakhala nawo yimitsira la anthu oti amene si howitzers alipo kapena mfuti.

Chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi yaing'ono kwambiri ndiponso osiyanasiyana 120 mamilimita matope:

• projectile - 1700 mamita;
• chifukwa mamita - 400 m.

Choncho, zipolopolo chikuphatikizapo matope 120 mamilimita:

• mkulu-zachiwawa;
• kuyatsa;
• utsi;
• incendiary.

Othandiza yowotcha osiyanasiyana monga ku 7.1 Km.

Voterani mode (7-8 akatemera) pamphindi operekedwa ndi rammer ndi zodziwikiratu. Pambuyo mpirawo mfuti mbiya uli wotsukidwa opanikizika ndi wothinikizidwa mpweya Jaji mpweya ufa.

"Vienna"

Mu 1995 analenga 2S31 Vena kudziletsa injini mfuti, "Vienna", imene matope yowotcha osiyanasiyana 120 mamilimita mpaka mamita 14,000.

Zipolopolo unsembe limapangidwa:

• zipolopolo mkulu-zachiwawa PF - 49 PF - 54;
• yogwira-zotakasika zipolopolo OF50;
• chokhala projectiles ;
• Iwo akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mitundu yonse ya matope zipolopolo 120 mamilimita likungosonyeza, kupatula ngati zoweta ndi kunja;
• motsogozedwa mivi "Kitolov -. 2M"

Ponena ngodya ndege ofukula ndi pakati -4 ° kwa + 80 °. Kubwezeretsa bokosibode basi nthawi iliyonse mpirawo.

Zipolopolo mfuti - 70 akatemera mu paketi nkhondowo, ndipo sapeza mwayi kupereka zida pansi kupyolera zimaswa wapadera starboard ndi chivundikiro oti muli nazo zida.
Yowotcha osiyanasiyana mortars ano nthawi zonse kuwonjezeka ndi ntchito CAO ngati "Vienna" umakhala wofunika kwambiri.

"Khamu"

Bwinobwino modernized howitzer 120 mm, ndi osiyanasiyana imene imafikira 13 Km, "khamu" walandira latsopano nsanja zozungulira kasinthasintha. Komanso anaika zigawo ndi zaluso ku 2S31 Vena "Vienna" 2S23 "Nona" SVK. Mu nkhani iyi, galimotoyo komanso modernized Nkhondo MT-DB.

Chachikulu kusiyana ndi akweza mfuti 2A80-1, amene anali okonzeka ndi munthu kuipanikiza ananyema. Amene adakula mlingo wa nthawi 2 ndi moto mwamtheradi mitundu yonse 120 mamilimita likungosonyeza zipolopolo:

• mkulu-zachiwawa;
• zanga;
• zipolopolo ano 3FOF112 "Kitolov-2".

The watsopano matope dongosolo 2S34 "Hosta" kuwombera angathe kuchitidwa popanda udindo maphunziro osati mwachindunji moto, komanso amatha kumenya mipherezero pa otsetsereka n'zosiyana ya pamwamba.

Lake mlingo akuonadi bwino kwa zipolopolo 4 9 mphindi.

towed matope

Pamodzi ndi Sao mtundu "Sunny" mu Russian Army anafika ndi towed:

• 2B16 "Nona - K";
• 2B23 "Nona M1".

Komabe, iwo anataya makhalidwe awo kumenyana monga CAO.

Chotero chosowa zayamba kupereka zida zankhondo awo desantno- kumenya brigades. Polemba "Nona K" zida Mtondo 2B16. Iye n'komwe zinachitikira nkhondo imene Afghanistan. Muziona mtundu wa matope anavomerezedwa mu 1986.

Kale mu 2007, gulu lankhondo la Russian anatengera 120 mamilimita 2B23 "NONA - M1". mfuti lidayikidwa chifukwa cha kuwonongedwa kwa ogwira mdani ndi kuwala magalimoto oti muli nazo zida.

Komanso matope 2B23 matope mabatire zida ndi asilikali pansi. Ntchito asilikali Airborne panali kuthekera ankafika ndege pa nsanja mwapadera. Mu ichi zipolopolo matope zikuphatikizapo mitundu yonse ya mphindi 120 mm.

mortars izi zakhala nkhondo anayesedwa zosiyanasiyana mikangano m'deralo.

maofesi zamakono ndi matope yowotcha osiyanasiyana mamilimita 120 kuchokera mamita 400 7000, sangathe nthawi zonse kudalira yake yoyenda utumiki zipolopolo. Choncho, kunena kuti ntchito zida zimenezi pa nkhondoyo zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito 120 mamilimita matope milandu ku makamu a mayiko ena. Pogwiritsa ntchito chilinganizo amalola moto kuthandiza magulu ndi m'dziko la adani.