Amafano - ndani? Milungu ya amitundu. Achikunja ankakhulupirira kuti?

M'dziko nthawi zonse pakhala zipembedzo zosiyana ndi zikhulupiriro. Chimene, poyamba, sadzakhala kutha kwathunthu, ngakhale anakhala ndi wosayenera. M'nkhaniyi ine ndikufuna kuti ndiyankhule za Amitundu: mipingu, chikhulupiriro ndipo zosiyanasiyana zina zabwino chidwi.

mfundo

Choyamba, dziwani kuti chikunja - chipembedzo wakale kwambiri, zinkakhalira ndi Asilavo kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Christianity. Tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti ndiwo lonse chilengedwe chikhulupiriro dongosolo limene bwinobwino anapereka chithunzi chonse cha dziko anthu a nthawi imeneyo. Makolo athu anali gulu lawo la milungu imene anali masanjidwe. Ndipo anthu eni kukhala ndi chidaliro wogwirizana kwambiri ndi anthu a dziko kufanana mwachizolowezi. Achikunja ankakhulupirira kuti nthawi zonse ndipo kulikonse mizimu ya m'manja mwawo, kotero izo zinali mutu osati wauzimu, komanso mbali chuma.

A mbiri pang'ono

Kumapeto kwa woyamba Zakachikwi AD, nthawi imene Russia linavomereza Christianity, zonse zimene zikukhudzana ndi chikunja anali kuletsedwa, kutheratu. Chikunja akachisi kutenthedwa, tiyeni madzi mafano wakale. Tinayesetsa kuchotsa zikhulupiriro zimenezi. Koma tikhoza kunena motsimikiza kuti akhoza zoipa kwambiri. Ndipotu, mpaka lero, zinthu za miyambo achikunja anasunga mu chikhulupiriro Orthodox, kupanga kudalirana zodabwitsa za chikhalidwe Byzantine ndi chikunja. Izo ziyenera kuti kukumbukira woyamba zikhulupiriro adawoneka pamanja akale, pamene curia papa mwakhama kuti anthu ayambe Chikatolika. Pansi zimenezi anali Amitundu (ndi amene - amadziwika). Zolemba mu zolemba za a Katolika kwakukulukulu kuweruza. Koma olemba mabuku Russian a chikunja pa nthawi sanafune kulankhula, ndi kutsindika pa mfundo kuti pafupifupi kulibe.

Pa mfundo

Kusanthula maganizo "achikunja" (iwo ali, kodi makhalidwe a chikhulupiriro chawo ndi worldview), muyenera kudziwa tanthauzo lake. Ngati mwamvetsetsa za etymology, ziyenera kuti muzu wa mawu ndi "chinenero". Komabe, amatanthauza "anthu a fuko." Ndizachidziwikire kuti maganizo akhoza likumasuliridwa kuti "wowerengeka chikhulupiriro" kapena "chikhulupiriro cha fuko." Asilavo yemweyo akuti "chikunja" akhoza kutanthauziridwa monga "nsinga za mpanda wolimba kwambiri."

pa chikhulupiriro

Choncho amitundu iwo ali, chimene iwo anakhulupirira? Akuti chikhulupiriro chawo dongosolo kwambiri anali pafupifupi wangwiro ndi kwathunthu limodzi kuchokera mu chirengedwe. Wake adzalemekezedwa kupembedza ake ndipo anasonyeza kuti mphatso. Center wa chilengedwe chonse kwa Asilavo anali mayi basi chikhalidwe. Iwo anali kuwamva monga ngati zamoyo, zomwe si maganizo chabe, komanso ali ndi moyo. asilikali ake ndi zinthu anapangidwa ndi spiritualized. Komabe, n'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa ndi chibadwa zachilengedwe kuti limafotokoza nzeru zapadera popanda mavuto. Komanso, Amitundu (yemwe ali, timakhala mfundo ankaona) adadzikweza ana a chikhalidwe ndi zimene sitingathe moyo wanga popanda izo, chifukwa dongosolo Vedic ya chidziwitso ndi chikhulupiriro kumafuna zimachitika pafupi ndi co-kuli mogwirizana ndi dziko loyandikira. chikhulupiriro cha makolo athu ndi chiyani? The Asilavo panali atatu mpatuko waukulu: Dzuwa, Earth Amayi ndi kutamanda nyengo.

Kulambira Dziko Lapansi

Achikunja ankakhulupirira kuti mayi a zonsezi ndi Dziko Lapansi. Apa zonse chafotokozedwa ndithu chifukwa chakuti anali ndani, mu maganizo a Asilavo akale, ndiko kuchimake kwa chonde: Earth amapereka moyo, osati zomera zokha, komanso nyama zonse. N'chifukwa chiyani amatchedwa mayi - sikovuta kufotokoza nayenso. makolo athu ankakhulupirira kuti anali m'dziko lawo n'kubereka, iye amawapatsa mphamvu, amene ali yekha kugwa kwa izo. Onani kuti ambiri miyambo lero alipo anabwera kwa ife kuchokera nthawi. Wokwanira kukumbukira kuti ayende ochepa dziko lake kwa dziko lina kapena prostration makolo achinyamata pa ukwatiwo.

kulambira dzuwa

Dzuwa zikhulupiriro za Asilavo wakale limaimira wa kugonjetsa bwino. Izo ziyenera adatinso kuti amitundu zambiri amatchedwa dzuwa kupembedza. Anthu pa nthawi imeneyo anakhala pa kalendala ya dzuwa, akupenyetsetsa kwa masiku a yozizira ndi yotentha yozizira. Inali nthawi imeneyi ndipo anati maholide zofunika, monga, Mwachitsanzo, tsiku Ivana Kupaly (mapeto a June). Chidwi adzakhala chakuti anthu a nthawi kuwerenga chizindikiro cha swastika, amene amatchedwa Kolowrat dzuwa. Komabe, zoipa ophiphiritsa uyu anali ankanyamula ndipo amaimira chigonjetso cha wabwino zoipa, kuwala ndi woyera. chizindikiro cha nzeru ndi chithumwa, kuvekedwa ndi mphamvu yoyeretsa. Izo nthawizonse umagwiritsidwa ntchito zovala ndi zida, katundu wa m'nyumba.

Kulambira zinthu

Ndi ulemu waukulu Amitundu Asilavo kuzunzidwa kwa zinthu zimenezi, monga mpweya, madzi ndi moto. Otsiriza awiri ankatengedwa kuyeretsa, wamphamvu ndi wopatsa moyo, komanso dziko palokha. Pankhani moto, ndi maganizo a Asilavo, ndi mphamvu wamphamvu amene angakaphe bwino ndipo amayesetsa chilungamo mu dziko. Moto mwayeretsa osati thupi koma moyo (fanizo pankhaniyi ndi kulumpha pa moto pa Ivan Kupalu). Chofunika kwambiri chinali lawi pa mwambo wa maliro. Pa nthawi ya thupi kutenthedwa, kukhumudwitsa mphamvu kuyeretsa moto osati padziko lapansi chigoba cha munthu, komanso moyo wake, kuti mwambo mosavuta kutumiza makolo. Mu nthawi za Akunja kwambiri akulemekezedwa madzi. Anthu anaganiza kuti ndiyekhayo amene ndi mphamvu. Pa nthawi yomweyo mwaulemu osati kwa mitsinje ndi matupi zina madzi, komanso madzi lakumwamba - mvula, kukhulupirira kuti motere milungu ndipereka mphamvu ya dziko osati komanso anthu ake. madzi oyera, izo ankachitira ( "moyo" ndipo "akufa" madzi), ndi thandizo lake, ngakhale kuti ndikuganiza ndi zam'tsogolo.

m'mbuyomu

Ndi ulemu waukulu kwa akunja Russian imakhudzanso m'mbuyomu, koma makolo. agogo awo, agogo ndinu olemekezeka, zambiri agwiritsa ntchito thandizo lawo. Iye akhapidziwa kuti mizimu ya makolo chiyani kutha, iwo kuteteza banja lawo ndi kuthandiza anthu ku dziko zikufanana. Kawiri pa chaka, ndi Asilavo chikondwerero cha tsiku pamene akulemekezedwa achibale awo akufa. Iye ankatchedwa Radonitsa. Panthawi imeneyi banja analankhulana ndi makolo awo pa manda, kufunsa za chitetezo ndi thanzi la banja lonse. Kwenikweni ayenera kusiya mphatso yaing'ono (mwambowu alipo lero - ndi Rute pa manda, pamene anthu kubwera nawo maswiti ndi makeke).

milungu yosiyanasiyana

Choyamba, ndikufuna kunena kuti milungu ya amitundu ali amodzi kapena zinthu zina kapena mphamvu zachilengedwe. Choncho, milungu zofunika anali Ndodo (amene analenga moyo padziko lapansi) Rozhanitsy (wamkazi wa mphamvu zobereka, chifukwa amene pambuyo yozizira lapansi adzabadwanso ku moyo watsopano; iwonso anathandiza akazi ndi kubala ana). Mulungu chofunika kwambiri komanso Svarog - Mlengi ndi Mbuye wa chilengedwe chonse, Atate, kholo, amene adapatsa anthu moto padziko lapansi osati kumwamba nakonso (Dzuwa). Svarozhich anali milungu monga Dazhdbog (Sun Mulungu) ndi Perun (mulungu wa mabingu, mphezi, bingu). milungu dzuwa anali Hatchi (bwalo, choncho mawu "kuvina") ndi Jari (mulungu wa otentha ndi kowala yotentha dzuwa). Akulemekezedwa ngati Asilavo ndi Veles - mulungu amene anali ndi mtetezi wa ng'ombe. Iye anali mulungu wa chuma, chifukwa iwe usanati chuma kudzera ng'ombe zoweta, amabweretsa phindu wabwino. Pakati pa yaikazi zofunika anali Lada (mulungu wa kukongola, achinyamata, chikondi, ukwati ndi banja), Makosh (wopereka moyo yokolola) ndi Moran (mulungu wa imfa, ozizira, chisanu). Komanso akulemekezedwa anthu masiku amenewo, goblins, ziwanda, madzi - mizimu kulondera onse lozungulira munthu; nyumba, madzi, nkhalango ndi minda.

mipingu

M'pofunikanso ndi miyambo yosiyanasiyana ya Amitundu. Monga tanenera kale, iwo akhoza kuyeretsa kwa thupi ndi moyo (mothandizidwa ndi moto ndi madzi). Panalinso chitetezo miyambo, amene anachitika pofuna kuteteza anthu kapena nyumba ku mizimu yoipa. Osati mlendo kwa Asilavo nsembe. Motero, mphatso za milungu akhoza kukhala yopanda magazi ndi magazi. Makolo oyamba anawabweretsa monga mphatso kapena BEREGINYA. Magazi nsembe zomwezi zinali zofunika, monga Perun ndi Yarile. Pankhaniyi, mphatso anabweretsa mbalame ndi ziweto. miyambo onse anali kufunika wopatulika.