Ngalande excavator: kufotokoza, ntchito, zithunzi

Chidebe anakumba zinthu zakale ntchito ya migodi (miyala, dongo, etc.) kuchotsa miyala. Iwo amagwiritsa ntchito profiling otsetsereka njanji grooves ndi njira, komanso ngati zimamuchulukira zipangizo lotayirira ndi zinyalala thanthwe. Njira imeneyi tingathe kukwanitsa dothi kwa gulu 4 mulibe miyala ikuluikulu (inclusions). Excavator ukugwira ntchito bwino, ngati awiri a inclusions ndi zosakwana chachisanu cha m'lifupi ndowa ya.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pamwamba pansi pogwiritsa ntchito njira amenewa analandira athyathyathya ndipo sayenera zikulilima Buku. M'nkhani ino tidzaphunzira zambiri zimene tingachite excavator.

Kulunjika ntchito

Childs, Mipikisano ndowa anakumba zinthu zakale ntchito m'madera pali buku lalikulu la mtundu womwewo wa ntchito poganizira dera limodzi. chifukwa ndi losavuta - miyeso chachikulu zida. Kuti alichotse malo kwa cha ntchito kameneka mtengo ndi nthawi, choncho, ndi zosayenera. Kwa ntchito zing'onozing'ono, kutanthauza gulu zonse, pali chitsanzo ka galimoto kapena gudumu pneumatic anakumba zinthu zakale.

Mitundu ya Mipikisano makina

Zida zimagawidwa ndi makhalidwe:

• Motsogozedwa kuyenda pa ntchito. Kungakhale anakumba zinthu zakale kotenga, yopingasa kapena makina kukumba chitsanzo.
• Ndi mtundu (kumanga) zida ntchito. Pali unyolo anakumba zinthu zakale ndi matayala chidebe.
• Malinga ndi njira kupereka zida kwa nkhope. thanthwe kudula ndi zozungulira umodzi, zozungulira yopingasa kapena kufanana kwa ofukula.

Kuchokera pa makhalidwe amenewa, tinganene kuti muli mitundu yambiri ya anakumba zinthu zakale. Tiyeni tikambirane mfundo iliyonse ya padera.

mtanda kukumba makina

Izi unyolo excavator ndowa sipangakhalenso inamva kapena njanji njanji. Zoyendetsedwa ndi kufanana kapena zozungulira mabala. unyolo akhoza kupita (ntchito dothi homogeneous kwa m'zigawo mchere kapena kamangidwe a ngalande zikuluzikulu ndi grooves) kapena popachika mwachisawawa (ntchito dothi ndi inclusions). Palinso anakumba zinthu zakale, crawler mtunda umene zingasiyane malingana ndi zinthu opaleshoni. Iwo amagwiritsa ntchito kukumba ndi kukonza ya ngalande ndi ulimi wothirira njira.

Njira kotenga kukumba

Izi ngalande excavator chidebe. Kawirikawiri crawler, gudumu ndi crawler, pneumatic galimoto kapena kusuntha. Zikatero, kotenga yomanga chitsanzo lagawidwa amene ntchito ndi unyolo annular ndi anthu thupi ntchito amene ali ladle gudumu (ozungulira). Woyamba ntchito kukumba ngalande m'lifupi osati choposa 1.1 mamita ndi akuya 3.5 mamita Chachiwiri akhoza kukumba mwakuya dzenje -. 1.6-1.8 m.

makina zonse kukhota

Monga ulamuliro, mtundu wa crawler a. Koma nthawi zina pamakhala njanji. chipangizo ali okonzeka ndi ndowa gudumu ndi galimoto magetsi. Iwo akhoza kudula pa thanthwe radially mu ndege yopingasa ndi choimirira. Izo ntchito m'zigawo mchere zimachitika mu mawonekedwe a zigawo. Kungakhale refractory dongo ndi zipangizo zina. Chidebe excavator (Chidebe) amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa ntchito yaikulu yomanga ndi overburden.

Ubwino Mipikisano makina

Ngakhale kuti mafosholo ndi zambiri chofala kwambiri, Mipikisano ndowa, ndi angapo ubwino wakuti athe kugwira udindo wawo msika. Tiyeni tikambirane mbali awa:

• ntchito yopitirira pa ntchito yomanga thanthwe. Nthawiyi, osakwatira, ndowa chipangizo pa zitsanzo zosankhidwazi mwachindunji nthaka ndi munthu pazipita 30% ya nthawi okwana ntchito.
• Ngati Tikayerekeza ndowa limodzi ndi Mipikisano ndowa chitsanzo ndi ntchito yomweyo, izo Tingaone kuti osakwatiwa-ndowa galimoto ankawonjezereka ndi wolemera.
• Excavator amathera recess 1 mita kiyubiki thanthwe mphamvu zochepa kuposa chipangizo ndi mphamvu yomweyo, koma ndi ndowa imodzi.

• Kugwira ntchito mu ntchito yomanga, Mipikisano ndowa chipangizo chimathandiza yunifolomu kusanganikirana mitundu onse opangidwa zakuthupi ndi kusanja.
• Osauka nthaka excavator amangomvera bevels. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, recess akulandira pafupifupi wangwiro mtanda yachigawo mbiri. Chimodzi-ndowa makina akufotokozera recess ledges ndipo aliyense wa iwo masamba vuto ndi.

kuipa luso

Komabe, pali magawo omwe bwino mafosholo yapambana. Mwina chifukwa cha iwo adakali mtsogoleri msika. Excavator ali zofooka zotsatirazi:

• Izi makina - ndi chimadyo weniweni, okhoza kukhala yekha homogeneous nthaka zosaposa kalasi 4 kapena ndi inclusions ka makalasi mpaka 3. Fosholo palibe vuto ntchito ndi kalasi iliyonse ndi mtundu wa dothi, kuphatikizapo miyala.
• makina A ndi mtsuko si choosy kuti Pogoda zinthu, zomwe si Chidebe Baibulo.

Chifukwa ndi losavuta kumva yosanthula angapo Mwachitsanzo excavator.

EM-251

Izi wagawo zoweta, chomwe:

• Kuyenda ndi mphamvu zida, komanso kuti makinawa ali wokwera pa chimango sanali onsewo wa pazimalamba zozungulira, limene lakonzedwa kusokoneza mbali kapena kumbuyo zoyendera.
• Ntchito zida (unyolo ndi zidebe) wokwera pa chimango-Boom.

Monga zipangizo navigation amachita multisupporting mbozi. An kuyaka injini mkati galimoto magiya transmits kasinthasintha kudzera kufala unyolo. Track mafelemu ogwirizana kudzera semiaxes ndi chipangizo kugwirizanitsa ndi chimango chachikulu. Iwo likukhalira kuti chimango chachikulu apuma pa crawler pa mfundo zitatu. Izi zimathandiza kuti tikwaniritse wabwino mtanda excavator.

Pamene ladle unyolo excavator yokha kusuntha, ofukula ngalande aumbike. nthaka amutenge ndowa, mwa hopper umalandira conveyor zatha. Nayenso, amaponyera izo pambali.

Mipikisano ndowa, ngalande, unyolo chitsanzo EM-251 angathe kusintha malo a Boom wachibale chimango lapansi. Iye chimakakamiza kumbuyo pa chitsogozo kuti amalola kuti kusintha digiri yake malowedwe, motero akuya ngalande. Pamene kayendetsedwe unit Boom ndi udindo pamwamba. makina umalamulidwa ndi wapadera mphamvu ya kutali, amene aikidwa mu takisi pa lamanja la woyendetsa, pafupi gearshift. Zimenezi zimathandiza woyendetsa kuti aziona imodzi kayendedwe ka makina ndi ntchito kukumba njira.

EM 182

Tiyeni tikambirane excavator chidebe. EM-281 - ngati nthawi zina molakwika anatchula chitsanzo ichi. Amakhala:

• Odnorebernymi undercarriage ndi mawilo. Iwo anapereka detachable chimango kuchirikiza hopper turasny kutsinde munda counterweight, kanyumba, chapamwamba chimango gawo la ladle, ndipo, ndithudi, injini ndimakokedwe.
• Ladle pansi chimango amene ali kukonzekera awiri wagawo onyamula unyolo ndi zidebe.
• Jib, amene amakhala dongosolo la TV ndipo ndigwire kuyimitsidwa.
• zamagetsi ndi zipangizo kuyatsa.

excavator ndi ukulamulidwa mwa levers atatu, zomwe zili zashuga ndi woyendetsa a. Origin ndi udindo akusandutsa unyolo ladle. Chachiwiri - kwa njira ya trolley lapansi. Bwino ndi wachitatu - chifukwa pokweza ndi kutsitsa Boom lapansi. Yotsirizira ali anapitiriza mu kufunika malo mwa nagawa, limene lili kutsinde mbozi. The galimoto magetsi transmits zoyenda kudutsa V-malamba, mavuto amene, komanso mapindidwe akuwala ngodya ya pulley lotengeka ndi udindo wa tensioner lapansi. Kutsinde waukulu anasamutsidwa ndi kasinthasintha kudzera ndi turasnomu unyolo pagalimoto. Chidebe odulidwa dothi kunditumiza ku hopper, ndiyeno aperekedwe ku trolley ndi yonyamula kuti ikupita.

Chifukwa zochotsa winch excavator, zithunzi zimene kuwonjezekeredwa pamwamba akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito yomweyi onse kumtunda ndi kuchepetsa kukumba synchronously anawuka ndipo anatsitsanso imene onse malekezero a chimango ladle. Choncho, ladle chimango chimachititsanso ikufanana yokha. Zidebe momwe wosanjikiza kuchotsedwa ndi a yunifolomu makulidwe pa kupha aliyense msinkhu. Kuti akwaniritse zimakupiza kudula, kuonetsanso kayendedwe ka kumapeto umodzi wokha wa chimango, izo adatchithisira mogwirizana.

Pomaliza

Today ife tinapeza chimene chimapanga Mipikisano ndowa anakumba zinthu zakale ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani ali sikawirikawiri monga ndowa imodzi. Dziwani kuti malamulo a mphamvu magalimoto ntchito woyikidwa view dothi, m'malo ochiritsira ndi amasiyana chifukwa osiyanasiyana amene anakumba zinthu zakale. A kusintha apitirize Mipikisano makina ndipo kumayambiriro mapangidwe latsopano zikusonyeza kuti nthawi yochepa zolakwa zonse zidzachotsedwa

Mwa njira, kwa excavator ndi conventionally mulinso mosalekeza kukumba, ngakhale kuti iwo m'malo zidebe ntchito thupi mphero kapena scrapers.