Kukamba mwachidule za galimoto GAZ-560 ndi specifications ake

Kwa zaka zoposa khumi taonera pa malo lotseguka magalimoto m'dziko lathu lomwe lili ndi injini GAZ-560 "Steyr". Ndipo si monga katundu "kapinga" ndi "Mbawala" komanso magalimoto "Volga". ndi maonekedwe a pachikhalidwe chiyani? Timaphunzira kwa nkhani ino.

Nkhani ya

Mu Russia, woyamba kudziwika "Steyr" injini anawonekera mu 1998. Iwo anali olumikizidwa ndi chakuti makampani ku Austria anapanga kugulitsa chilolezo kuti ulimi wa ku Russia. Sikumatha kuyezetsa injini ukubwera chidwi msonkhano ambiri. Ndi zinthu zina, mwa mayunitsi onse dizilo "Steyr" anali abwino kwambiri.

Waukulu zizindikiro zabwino injini ili ku Austria ndi:

• oumirira za mafuta;
• zazikulu chiyambi pa otsika kutentha yozungulira;
• magawo mkulu Mwachangu;
• makhalidwe abwino kwambiri zazikulu.

The injini woyamba anali kupita kwa ogwira ntchito pa zomera ndi mbali zina, nchifukwa chake khalidwe lawo linali mpaka ndime. Mbali (gasi 560 "Steyr") mwachindunji kunja kwa kunja. Malinga ndi Zolinga za Mlengi m'chaka ankachita chikalata si zitsanzo zochepa 250 000, kutenga nkhani yakuti mayunitsi amenewa adzakhala zilipo m'mayiko ena ogwira ntchito za.

Mbiri ya kukhalapo

Mbiri wotsatira wa chitukuko sanali mosangalala kuchita monga mwa chiphunzitso. Zitsanzo mayeso sanali kuchita zizindikiro zabwino, ndipo posachedwa ndi injini "Steyr" Kulephera zosiyanasiyana zinachitika, chifukwa cha zomwe zifukwa zambiri zikanachitikadi wathu.

Khalidwe la mafuta mu Russia wakhala kumanzere kwambiri wolakalakika, koma chifukwa osauka kulephera dizilo anayamba kuoneka woyamba khalidwe Russian dizilo. Komabe, zodabwitsazi anali si zachilendo. Posakhalitsa mfundo anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga wagawo ndi kupanga Russia, zomwe zinachititsa kuti kusokonezeka pafupipafupi.

Makamaka wolemekezeka GAZ-560

Chachikulu kusiyana pakati injini GAZ-560 wakhala kapangidwe chimodzi-chidutswa, chifukwa chimene yamphamvu mutu ndi unit yokha ndi indivisible lonse.

The ntchito limodzi yomanga chipika ndi yamphamvu mutu anali:

• Pakalibe pakati pa chipika ndi mutu yamphamvu gaskets, amene vuto la kutenthedwa anafunika kusintha yomweyo.
• Chifukwa pakalibe gaskets mu mafuta sakhala zoletsa kuwuma kapena zoletsa kuwuma kuti nthawi zimachitika magalimoto, kumene chidutswa.
• Chipika ndi mutu anathira pamodzi, kotero kuti n'zotheka kwambiri kumasula mutu yamphamvu likuchotsedwa.

zosiyanasiyana injini

Engine GAZ-560 Stayer likupezeka mu magulu atatu kokha:

1. Engine ndi mphamvu malita 95. a.
2. Unit anakhala ndi intercooler, amene mphamvu 110 malita. a.
3. The injini ndi intercooler, ndi kusinthidwa galimoto ulamuliro wagawo, zomwe 125 malita mphamvu. a.

Baibulo ambiri a galimoto "Gazel", anakhala mphamvu unit wa mtundu wachiwiri. Anaika pa "Mbawala" GAZ-560 "Steyr" anayamba mphamvu 110 ndiyamphamvu.

Komanso, injini anaikidwa pa magalimoto "Volga" ndi "Sobol".

Gasi 560: zofunika

Anthu ambiri amadabwa zimene injini kotero ambiri ankakonda "Steyr" ndi deta aliyense luso wagawo ndi. Tikumbukenso kuti powerplant ankaimira okhala pakati 4 yamphamvu injini dizilo ndi chisanadze Turbo, madzi kuzirala ndi dongosolo mphamvu mwa nozzles.

Voliyumu ya injini dizilo cha malita 2.1. Mphamvu anali kuperekedwa kale. Pakuti injini kuyaka mkati amakhala kuchuluka kwa mafuta a malita 11,5 pa makilomita 100 zapita.

M'pofunikanso kukumbukira kuti mlingo otaya siyana malingana ndi zofunikira galimoto opaleshoni. Mwachitsanzo, galimoto "Sobol" anatipatsa unit GAZ-560 amadya mazana pang'ono m'munsi chithunzi kuposa ananena - 8 L. Pakuti magalimoto otsika mowa ndi mwayi waukulu mpikisano ena.

A ambiri muno zonse kusakhulupirira kwa turbodiesel, ndipo woyamba wa zonse amayamba ndi osauka khalidwe mafuta. Izi khalidwe kwa kumidzi, komanso anthu a m'tauni. Pa siteji yoyamba ya ntchito injini pa eni galimoto dizilo zambiri anakumana ndi vuto pamene kusokonezeka kapena wonongeka wa khalidwe sakanakhoza oterewa pakati kapena kwina kulikonse sanali ayambe kukonza.

Mtengo wa zida zosinthira kwa injini dizilo nawonso ndi aakulu kwambiri kuposa mitengo za gulu mbali petulo. Komabe, mfundozi sanaleke anthu kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto ndi injini ndalama ndi amphamvu.

Ntchito ya wagawo mu nkhani Russian

Chiphatso ku kampani Austria "Steyr" analola fakitale galimoto ku Gorky ntchito injini amakono kuti yopanga magalimoto GAZ, amene si amadza zoipa mfundo kampani m'tsogolo. Pakuti "Volga", amenenso ndi modernized wagawo GAZ-560, kumwa anali wangwiro monga petulo buku la "kudya" dongosolo la malita 16, ndipo dizilo - 8 L.

Pakuti injini ambiri pa dizilo chibadidwe kugwedera imathamanga otsika kapena kusakhala ndi chochita, kupanga lonse galimoto ikugwedezeka. Komabe, pa liwiro la 50 km / h Phokoso aliyense kutha, ndipo aliyense pagalimoto akhoza bwinobwino kunena za mtundu anaika galimoto. Mowa "Mbawala" (gasi 560) anali pafupifupi 13 malita pa 100 Km.

mbali khalidwe kwa "Steyr" chitsanzo ndi kulephera konzekera iwo kusakhala ndi chochita, chifukwa cha zimene zinachitika mkati galimoto ozizira. Koma iye anali chabe kupereka injini liwiro, komanso kayendedwe ka kuzizira analibe kufufuza. Iye kutenthetsa moipirapo, ngati injini mafuta ntchito pa galimoto.

Chinthu chapadera ya galimoto ku Austria motere. Pamene chisanu ndi chokwanila ntchito kokha mafuta yozizira dizilo ndi batire ntchito. Chotero galimoto fakitale ndi theka nayenso. Mu machitidwe a pachikhalidwe ndi padziko mizere mafuta ndipo palibe mapangidwe ayezi ndi chisanu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti nozzles anaika ali kufupi ndi dongosolo kuzirala kuti amalola makina msanga konzekera kutentha positive.

M'nyengo yozizira, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta zaikidwa 5W40. Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta mu Arctic wagawo izi zikhoza kuthetsa chisanu aliyense ndi mosavuta zidzathera ngakhale pa makumi digiri chisanu. Ngati dera ntchito akhala anati frosts kwambiri, zinthu wapadera ayenera kuikidwa kwa kutchinjiriza matenthedwe olimbana chipinda. Apo ayi, mafuta akhoza mbamuikha kupyola khosi kapena kafukufuku.

dongosolo turbocharging

Chopangira mphamvu gasi 560 wakhala wotchuka kwambiri ndi tcheru ndi khalidwe la mafuta. chiwerengero cha kusintha pa mphindi ukufika 100,000 pa ntchito, ndiponso kutentha mafuta anafika madigiri 150. Kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu osauka anachititsa chopangira mphamvu ndi unusable mu nthawi yochepa. Ndi ofunika kukumbukira zina za zikugwira ntchito mayunitsi mphamvu ndi turbocharging:

• N'zosatheka kumanga patsogolo mofulumira pa injini ozizira. Osati wandiweyani mafuta lubricates chopangira mphamvu ya.
• Pamene atseka galimoto sangathe kuzimitsa yomweyo, chifukwa chopangira mphamvu akupitiriza atembenuza. Ndipo anapha injini, dalaivala akutembenukira kutali otaya mafuta mu izo, imbaenda ake kuti mapeto a dongosolo.
• Turbo mafuta mzere ayenera losindikizidwa.
• Ndi ofooka injini liwiro ndi magalimoto osauka mathamangitsidwe m'pofunika kusintha vavu masika, amene kudzazidwa zonenepa onse. Kusintha zolinga njira zizichitidwa pambuyo 45 000 Km.

ayamikira

injini onse dizilo whimsical kwambiri khalidwe la mafuta ndi mafuta. Ndalama mafuta kenako pangachitike ngozi yoopsa. Ngakhale zoweta galimoto mafuta m'pofunika kugula okha pa siteshoni chotsimikiziridwa mpweya.

Bay mafuta osauka idzatsogolera ku kuwonongeka kwa osati galimoto zikuluzikulu. Chifukwa poyatsira mochedwa mafuta ndi m'goli Kutentha kwa pisitoni kuti akusonyeza chifukwa cha kulephera kwa chipinda kuyaka. kuno kudziwa otsika kwambiri dizilo pa maziko, monga kuyenera mafuta, n'zovuta. Palibe prerequisites mwachindunji osauka mafuta quality, ndi injini sudzapereka mafurikwense iliyonse. Lembani kotunga izi mafuta zinachititsa kuti chiwonongeko cha woyamba plunger injectors.

Reviews

Panopa ndemanga GAZ-560 eni galimoto kwambiri zabwino, ngakhale kuti yokonza injini wakhala kovuta chifukwa cha dongosolo monolithic. Pakuti ambiri eni wakhala chizindikiro cha mowa otsika mafuta poyerekeza ndi zitsanzo zina ndi ntchito zabwino mavuto nyengo ya dziko.

Nthawi zina ziziyenda kuti anali ndi mavuto ndi mavavu mabwinja. injini GAZ-560 zida zosinthira ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri, ndipo nthawizina kukonza pamodzi anali ofanana ndi mtengo wa latsopano. N'chifukwa chake mu 2008 fakitale galimoto anaganiza kuti asiye ntchito yoika ankapoperamo mtengo magalimoto.

malangizo

Pasanapite nthawi yaitali, izo zikhoza kuchitika breakage kapena wonongeka. Mwachitsanzo, pamene akulephera kuyamba injini ofunda zachitika ntchito lachinyengo. Popanda kwenikweni kusintha nozzle - inu akhoza kungoyankha kuthimitsa kachipangizo coolant kutentha ndi mpweya. Motero, kuyamba kupangidwa, onse ozizira komanso kusowa kwa mafuta kuchuluka kwa injectors lapansi.

Ngati vuto injector injini adzakhala osalimba. Ngati wolephera ndi wapezeka yomweyo pambuyo pa chiyambi, n'zotheka kudziwa a iwo ali kunja kwa dongosolo ndi nozzles wokhometsa. Pa injector osagwira nozzle kutentha adzakhala kwambiri poyerekeza ena. Ngati injini vuto GAZ-560 anapezeka mu msewu, ndiye pa nozzle wosweka ingathe kuyendetsa kwambiri (200 km), motero n'kosatheka kupereka amphamvu dongosolo katundu.