Kukonzekera pazenera - kuyendetsa bwino zipangizo zamakono

Vuto la maganizo pa dalaivala mumsewu wamtunda ndilofanana ndi mavuto omwe munthu woyendetsa ndege amatha kumenyana nawo nkhondo. N'zosadabwitsa kuti anthu ogwira ntchito paokha akubwereka kuchokera kwa alangizi awo a zogwiritsa ntchito njira zowonjezera zomwe zimapangitsa kufulumira kwa kupanga chisankho muvuto lalikulu.

Izi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ku ergonomics. Makamaka opanga makampani opanga magalimoto akhala akugwiritsira ntchito kwambiri zida zomwe zidaikidwa pazithunzi za torpedo pazenera.

Chidziwitso cha zamoyo

Pofika ndege ya ndege, makamaka ndege za supersonic, nthawi yoti woyendetsa ndege apange chisankho pa nkhondo ya mlengalenga anachepetsedwa kwambiri. Ngati omenyana awiri akuwombera, mtunda wa pakati pawo umachepetsedwa ndi mamita ambiri pamphindi iliyonse yachiwiri. Pachifukwa ichi, oyendetsa ndege amayenera kuyang'ana zizindikiro zofunikira zothamanga ngati zouluka, chidendene ndi zidutswa, kuti asawonongeke pansi kapena kulowetsa makinawo muzitsulo zosayendetsedwa. Pa malungo a nkhondo, monga momwe mikangano ya theka lachiwiri la zaka zapitazi inasonyezera, oyendetsa ndegewo alibe nthawi yakutsatira mafuta, chifukwa chakuti peresenti yambiri yawonongeke chifukwa mafuta a petrolo anataya mafuta mumatangi.

Nthawi zonse ankakweza maso ake ku dashboard, osokonezeka ndi mlengalenga, zinali zovuta, makamaka pamene zisintha mphindi iliyonse. Chigamulocho chinapangidwa kwa nthawi yoyamba, malinga ndi buku linalake, ku Sweden, ndi Saab, ndi ena ku USSR (zomwe zimabisika pamapeto a zaka za m'ma 50 ndi 60 sizilola kuti anene amene anali nazo kale). Mulimonsemo, opanga nthawi imeneyo sanali ophweka. Chiwonetsero chomwe chinali pamphepete mwa ndegeyo chinapangidwa kudzera mwa mawonekedwe opangira opangira omwe amasonyeza chizindikiro cha kinescope, m'malo mwake. Komabe, zotsatira zake zinali zoyenera khama.

Zoyesa zoyamba za omanga galimoto

Mu 1988, kampani yaku America ku Oldsmobile inayambitsa zachilendo. "Cetlass Syprim" yokha inali makina abwino, abwino ndi okongola, koma ubwino wake wonse unangokhala ngati wa "chip" chachikulu. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, pamodzi ndi torpedo kawirikawiri, chiwonetsero chinkagwiritsidwa ntchito pamphepete mwa galimoto yopangidwa mndandanda. Mabaibulo makumi asanu ndi awiri adagulidwa pomwepo ndi okonza bungwe la Indianapolis 500, akukonzekera kuti thupi likhale lotembenuka - mwachiwonekere, kuti zatsopano ziwoneke bwino kwa onse obwera. Kwenikweni, malingana ndi momwe ife lero timayendera, kuwonetsera kunali kosavuta. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chinkawoneka kuti ndichowongolera pawindo la mphepo (chifukwa nthawi zonse ankangowonongeka), ndipo pambali pake, dalaivala amatha kuona msinkhu wa kuzungulira, kutembenuza zikwangwani, kutentha kwa chidziwitso ndi magawo angapo - onse mu mtundu umodzi. Koma chiyambi chinapangidwa, ndipo pasanapite nthawi chitsanzo cha "Oldsmobile" chinatsatiridwa ndi BMW, Honda, Citroen, Nissan ndi Toyota.

Kukula kwa malingaliro

Zochitika zina zamakono za magulu a zamagulu a zamagulu anali ndi chidwi ndi makampani oyendetsa galimoto. Mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe a masomphenya a usiku anali othandiza poyendetsa mu mdima. Zowonongeka pazithunzithunzi za chithunzi cha infrared, zomwe zimachitika motero kuti dalaivala akuwonetsa chinthu chenicheni ndi maluwa ake a buluu, amathandiza kupeŵa kukhudza anthu ndi zinyama mwadzidzidzi akuwonekera pamsewu. Machitidwe amenewa alipo kwa zitsanzo za Honda, Cadillac ndi Toyota. Chofunika kwambiri ndi masomphenya a zinthu zopangira malire, makamaka ngati chithunzicho "chikulankhula," ndipo kutalika kwa zovuta kumayesedwa ndikuwonetsedwa bwino pamaso pa dalaivala. Koma uwu ndilo mlingo wina wa teknoloji, umene sungapezeke popanda zipangizo zamakono.

Zatsopano

Zikuwoneka kuti ntchito yowonongeka ya mpikisano wothamanga pamsewu masiku ano ndi ntchito yosavuta, yothetsera vutoli likupezeka ngakhale kumsonkhano waung'ono womwe umagwirizanitsa mkati mwa magalimoto. Mapulogalamu apamwamba kwambiri amapanga chilengedwe chosiyana kwambiri, kukhudzidwa kwakukulu kwa malo a masomphenya a dalaivala pamene akuyendetsa galimoto. Masiku ano, zambiri zomwe zimapezeka ndi GPS ndizofunika kwambiri, koma nthawi yovuta imakhala yovuta kugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo. Tiyenera kuyima ndikuyang'ana mapu a magetsi. Kuwonetsa kwa woyendetsa sitima pamsewu amakulolani kuti muyendetsedwe pamene mukuyendetsa galimoto, mukuyang'ana muwonetsero ndikupanga zisankho pafupi nthawi yomweyo.

Technology ndi ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito

Mliri waukulu wa "mawonetseredwe oonekera" - monochrome - unagonjetsedwa bwino pambuyo poyambitsidwa kwakukulu kwa matekinoloje a zaka za m'ma 2000, omwe ali ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zochepa, ma LED, zipangizo zamakono zowonetsera madzi ndi mapulasitiki a plasma. Zonsezi zomwe zapindula pazowonjezera zamakono zathandiza kuti apange magetsi ang'onoang'ono, osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu komanso ogula mtengo, zosavuta kuziyika pa magalimoto alionse.

Mfundo ya mapu yokha ndi yophweka. Deta kuchokera ku makina oyimilira pamagulu ndi magulu onsewa amapita ku chipangizo chapakati chodziwitsa, kuphatikiza ndi projector. Pachiwonetsero chake fano imapangidwa, yomwe pambuyo pake ikuwunikira ku mawonekedwe a lens, ndiyeno ku filimu yowonongeka yomwe imayikidwa pagalasi.

Kodi mungachite bwanji zimenezi?

Kawirikawiri, pali machitidwe omwe amapereka maonekedwe abwino a zida, zomwe aliyense angathe kuziyika yekha. Sikoyenera kumvetsetsa zolinga za galimotoyo. Mwachitsanzo, deta pa liwiro ingapezeke kwa GPS-woyendetsa galimoto, ndipo idzakhala yodalirika kwambiri, monga, mosiyana ndi tachometer yachizolowezi, sichidalira kukula kwa magudumu. Izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa, komabe, kuti kuyang'ana pamphepete ya mphepo idzakhala yapamwamba kwambiri pokhapokha ngati ili yabwino (kapena pafupifupi) dziko. Ming'alu, sikiti ndi chips sizilandiridwa. Ndipo, ndithudi, zosavuta ndizo kukhazikitsa dongosolo, ndilo mtengo wake. Ndizowonjezereka komanso zowonjezereka kuti mugwiritse ntchito ku ma workshop apadera.