Kusonkhana - ndi chiyani ichi? Tanthauzo la mawu akuti "masewera"

Kusonkhana - mtundu uwu mpikisanowu. Iwo anadutsa pa malo otsetsereka, zomwe zimakhala poyera ndi chatsekedwa. Cars zochitika zapadera amasankhidwa kapena kusinthidwa.

Mtengo m'madikishonale osiyana

Kusonkhana ndi chiyani? Ngati tikambirana Dictionary Ozhegova, otchedwa galimoto kapena njinga yamoto anagona, zomwe zikuchitika pa makina wapadera. Encyclopaedia mtengo mwatsatanetsatane: izo masewera mpikisano, amene ntchito mwapadera okonzeka kwa mafuko a galimoto kapena njinga zamoto. iwo akutsatiridwa ndi mwambo yeniyeni ndandanda mwachindunji ndi njira makamaka mwasankha.

Kusonkhana ndi chiyani? zochitika zina

Koma osati mpikisano ndi mawu akuti "masewera". Tanthauzo la mawu onse zambiri. Mfundo imeneyi akhoza kumatanthauza kukhala chochitika kuipidwa mu galimoto masewera. Pankhaniyi, ndege ndi amalamulidwa akusunga mosaphonyetsa mwachindunji ndandanda, kuyendera njira iyi, imene inadzachitika onse m'misewu wamba pa malo apadera.

The mpikisano zina analowa mpikisano panjira, kumakhala liwiro, misewu phiri, etc. Pali ngakhale malo osiyana - .. Chithunzi galimoto. Makina ntchito zambiri kuposa magalimoto, ndi kusintha kapangidwe.

Modern masewera (kutanthauza ife kale anazindikira) - akadali timapangira lingaliro. Standard - amangothamangira mu nkombero (mphete), kukula kwa wochokera 1000 ndi 2000 Km; zochitika zina zikhoza kuonedwa m'njira ndi kutalika 20 40 Km. Pa mitundu yaitali, masiku atatu, masewera angakhale ngakhale usana ndi usiku. Pa mpumulo oyendetsa bungwe lapadera chatsekedwa m'mapaki, kumene anasiyiratu galimoto yokonza mode kulowa ndi kuchoka.

malamulo a anagona

Pali zofooka kuti oyendetsa ndi kutsatira. Kusonkhana - mpikisano, zomwe zidzachitike pa misewu wamba. Pankhaniyi, dalaivala umadutsa mfundo kulamulira, kumene iwo kunena zimenezi. Liwiro pazipita n'chotheka m'madera wapadera (amatchedwa DOP kapena SU), amene alipo pa masewera a. Kutsatira wonse wa oyendetsa njira ayenera kutsatira malamulo onse, koma pamene chionekera nthawi okhwima pochitika njira lonse.

Apeze nkhondo isanayambe

Kwa nthawi yoyamba mawu anagwiritsidwa ntchito mu 1907. Mpikisano woyamba unachitika ku Monte Carlo. Pamaso 1912, mawu akuti kulibe, okha chaka chino kwa nthawi yoyamba anagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "masewera". Izo zinachitika pa mpikisano galimoto pa njira pakati Rouen ndi Paris. Achititsa chidwi chachikulu pakati pa anthu. Mphotho anapatsidwa pamaziko a mbiri amasangalatsa, amene anakhala mu galimoto.

Ndi mafuko awa ndi kukhala chiyambi cha mpikisano pakati pa mizinda ndi osati France. Iwo "anatola" ndi m'mayiko ena ku Ulaya. Pali malamulo amene alipo lero:

• Yambani oyendetsa osiyana;
• mfundo ulamuliro;
• zolemba kuyenda;
• Atakwera pa misewu ikuluikulu miyala, kaya nyengo.

Kusonkhana mu nthawi unawonongedwa

Pa Choyamba ndi Chachiwiri World Nkhondo Mpikisano sizinakhale. Only nkhondo itatha, mtundu anayamba kutsitsimutsa. 1950 chimaonedwabe "golide zaka" wa masewera. Linayenda mayina awo, malinga ndi dziko limene kuiperekeza pamene masewera "Monte Carlo", "Lisbon", "Tulip", "Sweden", "Zikwi Lakes" (panopa "Finland"), "Acropolis" ndi ena ambiri . The Championship European anali aakulu masitepe 10 mpaka 12, amene anali kugonjetsa racers.

Yambani a mafuko mu Europe

Italy kugwira mpikisano, ndiyeno komabe wotchedwa masewera kuyambira 1895. Mmodzi wa akuluakulu anatenga malo okhawo 1897. njira The linayambira ku Nyanja Maggiore mu Stresa ndiyeno kubwerera mpaka kunyamuka. Pambuyo pa mpikisano umenewu kukhala chikhalidwe.

England "omangidwa" mu kusonkhana mu 1900, pamene masiku 15 mpikisano pakati pa mizinda yaikulu ya dziko la bungwe. Kutenga anatenga 70 magalimoto. Iwo akanakhoza kutenga tione m'malo okwerera basi ndipo pamene oyendetsa pampanipani.

Mu Germany, mtundu anayamba kuchititsa kuyambira 1905. Zikuyenda anali, kuwonjezera zigawo mkulu-liwiro, akwerera phiri. Ankaloledwa kalasi ina ya galimoto. Kuyambira 1906, a masewera anakhala masewera osiyana.

kusonkhana lero

Ndime Special lalifupi, makamaka pa misewu miyala akhala anatulukira. Iwo zili kutali magalimoto mwachizolowezi ndi nyumba. Iwo anachita nkhani osiyana pa nthawi. Kwambiri kwambiri ndi wotsimikizika ganizo Liège masewera, koma mu 1964, njirayo wakhala zovuta kuti ulendo kale zosatheka.

Tsopano masewera (linayenda) anakhala osiyana mayiko masewera. Nature wa ntchito sanasinthe kwambiri. Chifukwa ndalama kotulukira wotsikirapo mtunda, chiwerengero cha iwowa usiku ndi chiwerengero cha magawo.

Kodi ndi mitundu iti ya masewera kumeneko

Iwo anawagawa zikuluzikulu ziwiri. The ziyambe kupyolera njanji wapadera ndipo amatchedwa "nkhondowo". Linayenda anapeza malangizo akatswiri kuchokera m'ma 1960. iwo akutsatiridwa m'madera ataphimbidwa ndi ena gululi. Chotero njanji angathe kuikidwa pa phiri mipita, njira nkhalango, chisanu, ayezi ndi zipululu.

Chachiwiri - m'misewu anthu. R3K - "masewera a gulu lachitatu." mafuko awa anaonekera kale kuposa spetstrassam. iwo akutsatiridwa m'misewu anthu, ndipo amatsimikiza mwatsatanetsatane navigation ndi ndandanda, magalimoto chitetezo, osati liwiro. Mathotho yaitali ndi zovuta. Mpikisano amenewa amaonedwa ankachita masewera.

Palinso osiyana, wachitatu mtundu - P2K - "masewera a gulu lachiwiri" kapena - pa masewera. mfundo zawo lagona mu mosalekeza kuyenda. Mkulu-liwiro zigawo msewu sakuikidwamo, komanso zinthu zina zambiri ndi malamulo a mpikisano. kusonkhana Ili ndi lamulo - gulu komwe kufunika mwagwirizana ndi chilango chilichonse. Limatchedwanso alendo.

Rallycross - ndichiyani?

mpikisano umenewu, zomwe zidzachitike pa njanji zozungulira dothi. masewera izi (anagona) - zochititsa chidwi ndithu kanthu, chifukwa amaonetsa mukhoza kuona pafupifupi njanji kwathunthu. Anayamba nthawi yomweyo si nthawi, oyendetsa kupikisana ndi mnzake. makina kukhudza zimachitika kawirikawiri. mavuto ena mpikisano - dzenje ang'ono ndi tokhala aliyense msewu, kudumpha, akutsikira ndi mibadwo (zambiri phompho).

Anakonza pa magalimoto yosavuta autocross kapena ngolo ntchito (osakwatira makina kukhala ndi gudumu akunja ndi chimango). The chachiwiri atengere mpikisano mwachindunji.

M'mayiko onse, apeze-mtanda - mpikisano anagona. Koma Mwachitsanzo, mu US amaonedwa masewera osiyana, mochuluka ngati slalom, kumene kwenikweni pali umodzi mpikisano. Ndipo ali pa msewu msinkhu, yokutidwa ndi phula ndipo limadziwika ndi cones yaing'ono wapadera.

Mu Russia tsopano autocross unachitikira wotembenuka UAZah. kusonkhana ichi, chithunzi chimene inu mukhoza kuwona m'nkhani ino, amanyamula chomaliza cha miyambo kale okhazikika bwino mu October Lamlungu latha. njira osankhidwa umenewu, pafupi Ulyanovsk. autocross A "Silver Bwato" chikuchitika pa kumakhala liwiro, CEC, mu Togliatti.