Kuwundana Canis Major: History ndi nyenyezi

Chigawo kum'mwera mwadzaza zambiri nyenyezi yowala. Canis Major - ndi ochepa (lomwe limasiyanitsa ndi dzina), koma ndi chidwi kwambiri kuwundana, limene lili mu Chigawo cha kum'mwera. Kunyezimira kotero kuti limatulutsa kuwala mu nthawi makumi awiri wamphamvu kuposa dzuwa. Distance from dziko lapansili kwa Canis Major ndi eyiti miliyoni ndi theka kuwala zaka.

magulu malo kumwamba usiku

Canis pamene galimoto patsiku sasefukira mkulu pa m'chizimezime, choncho Tingaone mu mlengalenga si yaitali kwambiri. Komabe, izi kuchepetsa ndi chakuti kupeza izo mu mlengalenga ndi wosavuta. Kuwundana Sirius ili mu gawo kum'mwera kum'mawa, pafupi zina yowala kwambiri kuwundana Orion. Kumpoto kwa kuwundana ndi Canis Major ali m'mphepete mwa mnansi kuzimiririka - ndi chipembere. Inali pamwamba chabe za "Alpha Canis" - ndi kuwundana wa Procyon. Penyani iye yabwino kwa December ndi January.

anansi Kumwera

South wa Sirius ndi Nkhunda ndi chakudya. Mu magulu awa, mwatsoka, palibe nyenyezi yowala, kotero amatumikira monga benchmarks kupeza mu mlengalenga usiku chinthu monga kuwundana Canis Major, iwo sangathe. Koma kupeza mwachidule malinga ndi zomwe pamwamba.

Nthano za chiyambi cha magulu a

Hypergiants Big Dog Star Sirius natumikira monga maziko kupanga kuwundana mozungulira. Nthano za chiyambi cha magetsi ochokera ku nthawi amakezana. Anthu anaona kuti fano la galu kuti n'kukakhala ndi china chirichonse kuwundana. Sirius anatchula Aigupto, Agiriki, Aroma, Ainka, Aaziteki, Mayans ndi mitundu Middle ndi Far East. Mu China zakale, anali kaye "lakumwamba mimbulu" wotchedwa Tien-Lang. nyenyezi Kumwera anali uta ndi mivi, amene Tien Lang anaphedwa chifukwa chimene iye anagwetsera mfumu.

Komabe, kutchuka kwambiri chidatengedwa nthano zakale za nyenyezi.

Ancient Greek nthano za Icarus

The zinachitika wa nyenyezi ndiponso magulu a Agiriki lonse ankakhulupirira galuyo. Komabe, pali divergent nthano, ndipo mukhoza zambiri ziphunzitso ziwiri za chiyambi cha Sirius.

Malinga ndi buku loyamba, mulungu Diyonisiyo anapereka m'busa Icaria zamatsenga mpesa mphesa chifukwa chobisa mulungu wa vinyo usiku. Diyonisiyo kumusonyeza mmene kukula mphesa ndi kupanga vinyo zokoma. Kudziwa zimenezi Ikari anauza anthu onse paulendo wake. mbusa mmodzi Attica ndi kulawa vinyo opangidwa ndi anthu a m'deralo. Komabe, iye sankadziwa kuti iwo sindinayambe ndayesera kukoma kwa vinyo ndi kuledzera kwambiri. Kukambirana kuti Icarus ankafuna poizoni, iwo anakwiya kwambiri ndi kumupha. Atachita upandu akuluakulu anthu zatha mapiri ndi m'manda thupi. Mwana wamkazi wa m'busa anapita kukafuna bambo ake. Ndi kokha mwa wokhulupirika galu Maira mtsikana anapeza malo kumene anthu aikha thupi lace. Mu nawo kusimidwa, iye kupachikidwa pa mtengo wapafupi.

Wokwiya mulungu Diyonisiyo, vinyo wopanga mu mkwiyo wotumizidwa kwa anthu a matenda Attica. Only patapita zaka zambiri mothandizidwa ndi miyambo ndi nsembe anthu anatha kupempha chikhululukiro kwa Mulungu.

Myra galu, mbusa Ikaria Dionysos ndi mwana wake kuikidwa pa thambo nyenyezi. Kuyambira pamenepo, panali kuwundana Canis Major, Bootes ndi Virgo.

Ancient Greek nthano za OREON

Nthano wina wakale limatiuza za mlenje molimba mtima. OREON (monga ena mabaibulo dzina lake Actaeon) mwangozi anapeza akusamba mu gwero ozizira Artemi. Mwachibadwa, mnyamata kusirira kukongola Mulungu wa mulungu wamaliseche. Mantha Atemi anatembenuka osauka OREON mbawala, amene yodulidwa galu wake. Kuti wakhala mapeto ndi zinachitika a kuwundana Canis Major.

zakuthambo wakale

Ngakhale mu Egypt, ansembe ambiri akachisi mosamala anaonera kotulukira Sirius m'mawa. Izi chochitika yaitali amalembedwa osefukira wa Nile ndi isanayambike yotentha (chilimwe yozizira). The zakuthambo ku Egypt ankatchedwa nyenyezi SOPT.

Dzina iyoyomwe wakale chiyambi Greek. Mawu "sirios" amatanthauza "wanzeru." Komabe, Aroma anatcha nyenyezi "tchuthi" kutanthauza "galu". Mkubwela kwa Sirius anayamba dzuwa nthawi ndi kutentha mumamva, miliri kuyambika. Choncho, mu masukulu Roma ndipo anayambitsa otchedwa "tchuthi" - ". Masiku galu" masiku zina, ngakhale anamasulira chabe monga

Zoposa zikwi zisanu zakuthambo kumbuyo Chisumeriya okhulupirira nyenyezi ndi ansembe kugwirizana ndi Sirius 'galu kwa dzuwa. " Zinali nyenyezi ya kuwundana Canis Major chidwi pazipita natumikira monga chandamale cha maulosi ambiri, ndi zamatsenga.

Mbiri zolemba za nyenyezi Sirius

Kuwundana Canis Major Claudius Ptolemy anali m'gulu wotchuka zakuthambo m'ndandanda "Almagest". Pali anawatcha Dog.

Arat ndakatulo, amene anakhalako wachitatu BC, wotchedwa Sirius wachikuda. A Roma wogwira Cicero, rewriting ndakatulo Arata ku Latin, ananena kuti "otentha galu kumawala muzitha red-golide kuwala, kuwala kwa nyenyezi." Wolemba ndakatulo wachiroma, dzina lake Horace ananena kuti "wofiira otentha mng'alu Dog wosayankhula fano." Seneca analembanso za Sirius monga mmodzi wa zinthu zotsangalatsa ndi zachilendo malo.

Kawiri nyenyezi kapena nyenyezi awiri?

Age Sirius, malinga ndi ziwerengero osiyanasiyana, kuyambira mazana awiri ndi makumi atatu kwa zaka mazana awiri ndi makumi asanu miliyoni. Limayenda pa liwiro la pafupifupi mamita pa wachiwiri malangizo a dongosolo dzuwa, kotero kuwala mwina Sirius pa nthawi kumatheka pamene kuonera Earth. Lero, ife tikuziwona izo ndi woyera, ndipo pamwamba pake kutentha ukufika madigiri zikwi khumi. zakuthambo Arab, n'zosadabwitsa, anatchula nyenyezi wofiira asanu okha, osati umodzi.

Katswiri Camille Flammarion ku France ananena kuti "Almagest" anatembenuzidwa zolakwika, monga Cicero, Seneca ndi Horace anagwiritsa ntchito "kuwala kofiira" fanizo la mafotokozedwe ake a ndakatulo.

Komabe, zikhoza kapadera kuti Chiwerengerochi wa masiku amakedzana munawona kuwundana Canis Major wofiira. zakuthambo Arab kuti lolembedwa basi "Almagest" malinga ndi mtundu wa Sirius ndi kutha kwa woyamba Zakachikwi AD. Kwenikweni angakhale kuti, monga kwa zaka mazana ambiri, ena a nyenyezi kusintha pamwamba kutentha awo ndi luster khalidwe. N'chifukwa chake Camille Flammarion anafotokoza motsimikiza kuti chikugwirizana ndi Kanema pafupi kwambiri Sirius (ie, chinthu uyenda kuchokela ikuluikulu nyenyezi ang'onoang'ono).

German wasayansi ndi zakuthambo Friedrich Vilgelmom Besselem inkachitikira kuzipenya wa Phokoso ndi kayendedwe ka Sirius. Mu 1834 iye ankaona kuti kukhulupirira za mnzake nyenyezi. kudziwika zolondola izo zinalembedwa ndi American zakuthambo Alvani Clark mu 1862. Izi "bwenzi nyenyezi" analitcha mwana wagalu ndi dzina Sirius B. utali wozungulira wake kokwana zana kakang'ono kuposa dzuwa, koma kulemera okwana kwenikweni chimodzimodzi kwa onse nyenyezi zina. Kodi Sirius Alpha Canis kumawala zikwi khumi wamphamvu kuposa mwana wagalu, amene ali osalimba ndi pafupifupi tonne pa centimeter kyubu. makhalidwe amenewa pafupifupi zikugwirizana woyera-nyenyezi yaing'ono nyenyezi, amene anamaliza mkombero zimene zamoyo chinachepa kukula kwa mapulaneti yaing'ono.

Zosangalatsa za kuwundana kwa Canis Major

okhulupirira nyenyezi zambiri ndi zakuthambo kukhulupirira kuti nyenyezi zingasinthe pa psyche anthu. Kuyambira kale izo ankakhulupirira kuti ndi kuwundana Canis Major, amene zithunzi Tingaone pamwamba, zotsatira pa mpheto zauzimu ndi paranormal, zamatsenga ndi zamatsenga.

Cha kum'mwera kwa Sirius, mungapeze waukulu nyenyezi limodzi otchedwa M41, limene lili pa mtunda wa zaka zikwi ziwiri kuwala kwa dongosolo lathu dzuwa. NGC 2362 - m'bulu wina chidwi, womwenso ambiri nyenyezi. msinkhu wake - pang'ono zaka milioni. Kuchulukana pansi pa dzina Small oma komanso chidwi kwambiri kuphunzira ndiponso lili ndi nyenyezi ngakhale dazeni zimphona wofiira.

Mu kuwundana wa Canis Major ndi chimodzi "wapamwamba" co-nyenyezi - VY Canis Majoris. Iwo hypergiants miyezo ya zakuthambo amakono. awiri ake - pafupifupi awiri mayunitsi zakuthambo, ndiwo za biliyoni makumi makilomita. Ndi nthawi zikwi ziwiri wamkulu kuposa awiri a dzuwa. Mwatsoka, chifukwa cha osalimba otsika kwambiri kudziwa awiri yeniyeni nyenyezi sizingatheke. Ngati mwaika VY Canis Majoris mu malo a dzuwa wathu, chimphona atenge malo a mapulaneti onse pamodzi ndi Saturn. VY akulemera dzuwa mazana anai, izi zikutanthauza kuti hypergiants ali ndi chikhalidwe rarefied kwambiri.