Kuyambira bwinja lokhalokha kuti kotala chikhalidwe: Theatre Square wa St. Petersburg

Zisudzo Square mu St. Petersburg anayamba ndi yaikulu wopanda zambiri pakati pa Moika, Griboyedov ndi Kryukov ngalande. Wamalonda ku Holland Simon Brumberg, amene ankakhala oyandikana Proviantskaya msewu, mu zaka za m'ma XVIII, kukhala mu kwambiri wopanda anaona mphero. Mphamvu mphepo ndi madzi mphero ntchito kumaliza mitengo ndi kupanga zomangira. Kwa nthawi yaitali, m'dera bwinja lokhalokha, dzina lake Brumbergovoy (1765-1770 gg.).

Komabe, zaka zingapo, pambuyo yomanga lachisangalalo thandala, inali kudziŵika kuti malo carousel. Pano mukhoza kukwera wakwera ndi kuwona zisudzo za akavalo lalikulu Bwalo la maseŵera matabwa ndi mabenchi. Kavalo masewera (amene ndiye amatchedwa "carousels") unachitikira pa kubwalo zozungulira, ngati masewera aja a.

Pamene maseŵeralo lawola malo ake kumanga nyumba ya woyamba Russian zisudzo nyimbo. A miyala ikuluikulu nyumba udaikidwa ndi kutsogolera mzinda wamanga Antonio Rinaldi, mmodzi wa olemba a Cathedral ku St. Isake. Katatu pamlungu, likulu la beau Monde ya nthawi imeneyo kusuntha pansi kuti zisudzo ndi. The zisudzo zopsereza ndi mobwerezabwereza anamanganso kangapo. Danga pamaso pake, popanda ado zina, anayamba kuitana "dera Stone Theatre" kapena "A lalikulu kutsogolo kwa Mwala Theatre".

Dzina zamakono - Theatre Square - unali wolunjika yekha mu 1812. Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana pa malo Stone Theatre wamanga Vladimirom Nikolya udaikidwa ndipo anamanga nyumba ya apamwamba nyimbo sukulu ya woyamba mu Russia - St. Petersburg Conservatory. anamaliza maphunzirowo anali Pyotr Tchaikovsky, Sergei Prokofiev, Dmitri Shostakovich, Georgy Sviridov. Apa tikuphunzitsidwa, Rimsky-Korsakov ndi Anton Rubinstein. Masiku ano, inali akadali kutenga kuimba mphatso achinyamata.

dzina "Theatre" Sungani am'derali chifukwa chakuti mu zaka 40 za m'ma XIX patsogolo pa zisudzo akale inamangidwa otchedwa zisudzo-masewera aja, amene chinkhoswe mu kapangidwe wamanga Albert Cavos. Iye anapereka wozungulira nyumba siteji, oyenera mapulogalamu maseŵeralo ndi zisudzo zisudzo.

Mwatsoka, nyumbayi yapsya. Zaka 12 zitapita linadzamangidwanso ndipo analandira dzina loti, tsopano odziwika padziko lonse lapansi - kwa Mariinsky Theater, polemekeza mkazi wa Russian Mfumu Alexander Wachiwiri, Maria Feodorovna. Mu Soviet Union, zisudzo ndi unatchedwa S. M. Kirova. Petersburgers lakuthwa m'kamwa ikutchedwa kuti tobiko (Theatre wa Kirov Opera ndipo Ballet). adiresi wake (St. Petersburg Theatre Square, 1) amadziwika mafani zambiri za zisudzo mu dziko. Pano, pa Mariinsky Theater, ndi Chaliapin inawala Ulanova, Pavlova ndi Rudolf Nureyev.

Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XIX Theatre Square anali ankamangidwanso, pamenepo adawonekera zipilala kompozitoru- "wongonena" Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov ndi woyambitsa wa Russian tingachipeze powerenga Mikhail Glinka. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti kuyamba zisudzo m'mabwalo awiri - ndi Mariinsky ndi Stone - wakhala opera Wolemba a "A Moyo kwa Tsar".

Zisudzo Square wazunguliridwa ndi nyumba ndi nyumba zaboma, amenenso ndi zipilala za zomangamanga za m'ma XIX. Choncho, nyumba muholo Square, nyumba nambala 4, wokwatibwa ndi St. Petersburg wamanga Yegor Sokolov ndipo anamanga malinga ndi luso lake. Kenako anthu ena anali ndi nyumba. Asanamwalire mu chiwerengero nyumba 18 m'chaka anakhala wotchuka wojambula Mikhail Vrubel. Izo zinali mu izi zojambulajambula nyumba ntchito pa chithunzi "Pearl" ndi "Pambuyo konsati."

Nyumba nambala 8 m'banja lachifumu, wolemba komanso womasulira Nikita Vsevolozhsk. Iwo anali mu chipinda chino tinali kupita nawo mamembala a wotchuka zolembalemba anthu "Green Kuwala", kuphatikizapo A. S. Pushkin. M'bwalo lina la a Nyumbayi mu kuwala kwa wobiriwira Decembrists nyale tsogolo ndi freethinkers kukambirana luso, mbiri ndi ndale.

The nyumba nambala 14 anakhala munthu chapadera - Nikolay Semenovich Mordvinov, Russian panyanja mkulu ndi States. Iye ankaona zachuma zabwino za chiyambi cha XIX atumwi. Iye anali membala yekha kubwalo la Wachifwamba wa Decembrists, osati kusaina aphedwe kwa iwo. Mu nyumbayi panali Zhukovsky ndi Karamzin, Decembrists tsogolo ndi Lermontov. nyumba kalekale kuchipatala ana nambala 17, panopa momangidwanso pansi hotelo zinayi nyenyezi ndi magalimoto mobisa.

A zambiri nyumba pa muholo Square ndi otchedwa opindulitsa nyumba, nyumba mwachitsanzo nyumba, maofesi amene lendi kunja ndi kubweretsa ndalama wabwino kwa mwini. Nthawi zina, nyumba izi m'nyumba tenement anagwidwa ndi anthu, matamandidwe a mbiri Russian ndi chikhalidwe. Choncho, mu nyumba nyumba ya S. I. Andreeva (Theatre Square, 2) mwa zaka zisanu moyo odziwika wosewera ndi wotsogolera Vsevolod Meyerhold, ndi nyumba nyumba maziko Kister (Theatre Square, 16) anakhala ballerina Avdotya Istomin, amene "moyo wonse wa ndege "ine anaimba Pushkin.

m'dera zimasunga kukumbukira anthu amene anapita mu izo. Iye adakali ndi mzimu wapadera. The nyumba nambala 10 ndi Institute of Culture Italiya, ndipo ngakhale malo omwera ndi odyera kudalira okonda nyimbo zachikhalidwe ndi kupenta. Interiors awo ali wanzeru (limba, Chess, zojambula, wanzeru pastel mithunzi), ndipo mayina mupezamo: "The Nutcracker", "Sadko", "Ichi Nest", "mbuyo", ". La Boheme"

Zikuoneka kuti mu zaka zikubwerazi, muholo Square kudzakhala weniweni "chikhalidwe kotala" chachiwiri Russian likulu: anamanga Mbali yachiwiri ya Mariinsky Theater, mu mapulani 2015-16 adzatsegula khomo m'dera la Metro Station.