Kuznetsky Alatau. Kuznetsky Alatau - Reserve. Map, zithunzi

"Kuznetsky Alatau" - malo chilengedwe zomwe amasungidwa ndi kuphunzira nyama ndi zomera za dera Kemerovo. Chikhalidwe cha malo awa wapadera. Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza malo otetezedwa ndi anthu okhalamo mudzapeza m'nkhani ino.

malo

State Reserve ili kum'mwera cha ku Central Siberia, pa otsetsereka kumadzulo kwa lokwera Kuznetsky Alatau, m'chigawo chapamwamba gawo la Mezhdurechensk, Novokuznetsk ndi dera Kemerovo Tisulsky District.

Kuznetsky Alatau mapiri ali pafupifupi hafu ya dera Kemerovo. Ndi sing'anga-okwera mapiri, kuligaŵa ndi m'zigwa zakuya mtsinje. Chakum'mwera kwa Kuznetsky Alatau anati wamkulu magawano m'dera la zitunda, amene ali pa chiyambi cha USA Mtsinje, pakati ndi chapamwamba Tersey, White ndi Black Yus. Kum'mawa yochepa Minusinskaya Reserve, ndi kumadzulo - beseni Kuznetsk. Kumpoto kwa Kuznetsky Alatau alibe omveka bwino mu kum'mwera kwa apuma pa Abakan manambala a Western Sayan.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Ndondomeko zida ndi chilengedwe cha "Kuznetsky Alatau" inatenga pafupi zaka khumi. Mtsutso waukulu kutsegula malo panali vuto zamoyo zosiyanasiyana ndi madzi chuma cha m'dera Kemerovo. Mu 1989, December 27, boma anapereka lamulo nambala 385 la RSFSR pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa malo a. Patatha zaka zinayi, mu 1993, 28 September, Bungwe la Kemerovo Oblast Council cha akuluakulu Anthu Small anapanga chisankho №213 zovomereza malire a malo otetezedwa ndi zone gawo lotetezedwa pa gawo pafupi. Mu 1995, 22 August, Bungwe la nduna za Republic of Khakassia wavomereza kukula kwa dera la kuteteza zachilengedwe malo m'dera la mahekitala 8,000. Mu 1996, 4 October, mkulu wa "Kuznetsky Alatau" anaikidwa Vasilchenko Aleksey Andreevich.

Ngakhale pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa mwamwambo chabe malo otetezedwa wakhala kuchepetsedwa kwa 455 zikwi. Ha kuti 412,9 zikwi. Ha mogwirizana ndi kasamalidwe mapulani a maulendowa Siberia wa Main Kusaka Administration wa RSFSR lapansi.

nyengo

Reserve "Kuznetsky Alatau» Nyengo, zithunzi zimene Tingaone m'nkhani ino, wakhala ankaphunzira ndi kwambiri m'goli. Pa kutentha otsika, mpweya yaikulu pafupifupi mphepo liwiro anawona pa nyengo yozizira. Izi makamaka noticeable mu nyengo Transitional. M'dzinja ndi masika ndi zambiri amakhala kuti mphepo ikuwomba pa liwiro la mamita 10-15 pa mphindi. Pa nsonga ya mapiri mpweya mathamangidwe upambana mamita 25-30 pa chachiwiri, zina mpaka mamita 60-70 pa mphindi. Mphepo Yamkuntho mphamvu mphepo ali mu nyengo yofunda, m'chilimwe cha liwiro wawo akayamba mamita 30-34 pa mphindi. Nthawi zambiri, mwezi otchulidwa - July. Mu June ndi August mpweya kutentha pafupi zofanana.

nyama

Mitundu 65 ya nyama zakuthengo padziko Kuznetsky Alatau, kuphatikizapo mitundu isanu ungulates, khumi ndi zitatu - zolusa, atatu - lagomorphs, twente-foro - makoswe, naini - mleme ndi khumi - insectivores. Kwenikweni kusungitsa zinyama ukufanizidwa nayonso mitundu: vole imvi amaganiza, gologolo, Altai Mfuko, shrew ting'onoting'ono ndi zina zotero. Palinso mphalapala, nkhandwe, nkhandwe, zofiirira chimbalangondo, otter, akatumbu, wofiira vole ndi wamba. Choncho, Kuznetsky Alatau mapiri ndi malo a zatha nyama zovuta khalidwe la dera Altai-Sayan.

mbali zachilengedwe

Khalidwe waukulu "Kuznetsky Alatau" Reserve ndi chisanu kuya, azidzipereka kwa m'dera la Siberia. Pafupifupi m'dera la malo otetezedwa akafika mamita atatu kapena asanu, ndi mabeseni intermountain ndi puffing - mamita teni mpaka fifitini. Kwambiri zinthu kudya kwa ogawika-hoofed nyama, makamaka Choncho, malo anapanga cha mphalapala ndi kubala pobowola. Mkulu chisanu chivundikiro komanso kumathandiza yozizira koopsa wa dothi mu mitunda ya Kuznetsk Alatau, omwe umaonetsera bwino yozizira otter, mink, muskrat, Beaver, ndi Mole. Komabe, nyama zinyama nthawi zonse zobvundukuka chiopsezo cha chiwonongeko, monga kuli anthu ambiri m'dera la Siberia - Kemerovo dera - wotukuka kusaka oletsedwa. Makamaka anakhudzidwa ndi mitundu woyendayendawu: nswala, mbawala, gwape. manambala awo otetezedwa ndi otsika.

The zomera mbalame

"Kuznetsky Alatau" - malo, amene ali kunyumba kwa mitundu 273 ya mbalame. Inafalitsidwa m'dziko la kutetezedwa m'dera mitundu amenewa kawirikawiri mbalame ngati wakuda dokowe. Pa m'munsi Tesi anapeza ospreys kukaikira mazira malo. malo zimapezeka ndi mphungu golide ndi peregrine. Mu zone ya subalpine mungapeze Saker, ndi nkhalango ochepa - Merlin ndi Crested Honey khwangwala.

M'munsi ndi pakati mbali za mitsinje amakhala Eagle-nyenyezi yaing'ono. n'kukhala Posachedwapa Mphamba kadzidzi, Ural kadzidzi,-opindika m'makona yaitali kadzidzi, Scops Kadzidzi, pygmy kadzidzi kadzidzi. Mu Kuznetsky Alatau pali 41 mitundu ya mbalame zazing'ono kudziwika ndi osowa. Amangokhala mmene anthu boreal mitundu yosiyanasiyana woodpecker, wakuda woodpecker, tailed Tito, wakuda ndi msondodzi Tito, nuthatch, kuksha, Jay, nutcracker, grouse.

Mu pafupi ndi mitsinje phiri anthu Merganser ndi zinkapezeka m'madzi chete ndi oxbow nyanja chisa Garganey, Pintail, Mallard ndi wakupha zinsomba. Forest ndipo phiri nyanja amapezeka tufted bakha, Mphamba-nosed ndi wintering mu Gogol. Nthumwi ochuluka kuposa mitundu zolusa mbalame pano ndi mphamba wakuda. The Oil ndi paini mitengo zimachitika Mbalame; akuimba, Wolankhula, wotumbululuka, ndipo Siberia phiri phulusa. Mu malo awa ndi kwa dziko la nkhuku harrier, zofiirira warbler ndi Bluethroat.

The zomera nsomba ndi achule

Reserve "Kuznetsky Alatau" pa mapu komwe mitsinje yambiri ndi nyanja, ndi kunyumba kwa mitundu 13 ya nsomba. Phiri mitsinje likukwaniritsa Grayling Siberia ndi mumapezeka nsomba ndi fulakesi. chiwerengero cha nsomba zimapezeka m'nyanja malo ndi ochepa. Only mu chapamwamba Kii Mtsinje, inu aigwire burbot, nsomba, Pike ndipo shipovku wamba. Pali zambiri moyo podkamenschik pestronogy, Siberia loach, gudgeon, dace ndi minnow mtsinje. gwero la mtsinje Avereji Tes bwino anaphunzira ndipo anapeza mitundu yosowa kwambiri ya achule - Siberia lamprey.

Kuznetsky Alatau ndi kunyumba kwa mitundu isanu ya achule, koma mu malo chikhalidwe anthu awiri okha kuti: moor chule ndi umodzi wa achule imvi. Pali mitundu iwiri ya zokwawa anapeza: adder ndi viviparous buluzi.

Flora

Pa malo a "Kuznetsky Alatau" anapeza 618 mtima zomera apamwamba, akuti zambiri 943 yonse ya zitsamba wamkulu m'madera amenewa, zitsamba ndi mitengo. A mbali yaikulu ya malo aphimbidwa ndi nkhalango nayonso phiri la spruce, Oil ndi Siberia paini, pa malo otsetsereka a kum'mawa agonjera ku larch ndi paini m'nkhalango. Chivundikiro zomera ukufanizidwa ndi mitundu ya mabacteria onse altitudinal: Alps Titafika pamalo, Alps meadows, wakuda nayonso, steppe ndi steppe mabacteria nkhalango. Ambiri zomera zosapezekapezeka kukula mu malo awa: slipper chidona, pinki rhodiola, RHAPONTICUM CARTHAMOIDES ndi ena.

Pomaliza

Insufficiently anaphunzira expanses wa Kuznetsky Alatau osiyanasiyana. Mezhdurechensk - mzinda m'dera Kemerovo, kumene kunali ofesi ya ili State Organization "National Park" Kuznetsky Alatau "." Iwo makamu kafukufuku topezeka a m'dera lino, miyeso pofuna kuteteza nyama ndi zomera ku kuipa kwa zochita za anthu, komanso kugwira ntchito zomwe chikhalidwe ndi maphunziro. Ndi chinthu chovuta m'pofunika kupulumutsa mayi chikhalidwe mu maonekedwe ake kopambana.