Zovuta chinthu mu Chingerezi. Kulamulira ovuta chinthu

Mu ndondomeko ya kuphunzira English, ambiri akukumana ndi mavuto ena. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mu chinenero cha Chirasha nthawi zambiri akusowa zochitika kalembedwe chibadidwe chinenero. Mu Mwachitsanzo English izi ndi: Nkhani kalekale, kasewenzetsedwe ka mau wothandiza, ovuta chinthu, amangoona mu magawo negation chiganizo nthawi 26, mawu chabe, zovuta nkhani ndi anthu ena.

Zovuta enaake. Chilinganizo maphunziro ndi ntchito

zodabwitsazi ndi dongosolo kalembedwe wopangidwa mwa nauni zinachitikira ambiri (kapena puronauni mu chinthu) ndi mitundu indeterminate wa mneni. Mu Chirasha izi anamasuliridwa zovuta Kumvetsela mzera, imene nauni - phunziro ndi infinitive - mkhalidwe:

• mayi anga mukufuna ine kulowa Institute. - Mayi anga akanafuna ine kupita ku koleji.

Mapulani alibe analogues chinenero cha Chirasha. Komabe, ambiri Russian ophunzira mosavuta amaphunzira deta kalembedwe chodabwitsa. kamangidwe A kwenikweni yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndi yaying'ono mwa mawu a mtundu chinenero.

Zovuta chinthu. kasewenzetsedwe ka mau

Zovuta Kuwonjezera mu chingelezi ntchito ndi kasewenzetsedwe ka mau magulu.

1. Kasewenzetsedwe ka mau kuti mukufuna ndi zosowa - kufuna (kusowa), ndikukhumba (kutero maloto), kukhumba (chilakolako maloto) angakonde (Ndikufuna). Mwachitsanzo:
   
   - Mkazi wanga akufuna ine kuti pantchito. - mkazi wanga kulota kuti ine ndiri nawo pantchito pa mtengo.
   - mayi anga amafuna kupita kunyanja mwamsanga. - Mayi anga akufuna, kotero kuti ife onse anapita limodzi kwa nyanja posachedwapa.
   
   
2. Kasewenzetsedwe ka mau kusonyeza nzeru, chidziwitso - kuganiza (kusonyeza), kudziwa (mukudziwa), kuti afotokoze (lipoti). Mwachitsanzo:
   
   - Iye ankaganiza ine kuti kubwerera chinthu ichi. - Iye ankaganiza kuti ine ndinabweretsa chinthu ichi.
   - Mike amandidziwa kukhala aulesi fupa. - Mike akudziwa kuti ndine waulesi.
   
   
3. Kasewenzetsedwe ka mau osonyeza kuti chiyembekezo - kukhulupirira (kukhulupirira), kuyembekezera (ndikulingalira), kuganiza (kuganiza kuwerenga). Mwachitsanzo:
   
   - Ine ankayembekezera iye anali zotsatira bwino. - I akuyembekezera kuti ndi bwino.
   - John ndimakhulupirira mkazi wake kukhala wopambana mkazi dziko. - John ndimakhulupirira kuti mkazi wake - mkazi woona mtima kwambiri dziko.
   - Kodi mukuganiza kuti iye adzathetseratu mavuto? - Kodi ukuganiza anaganiza mavuto onse?
   
   
4. Kasewenzetsedwe ka mau osonyeza kuti lamulo, kukakamiza - kuyitanitsa (dongosolo). : Lemba;
   
   - dokotala The n'kundiuza kuti kutenga mankhwala kawiri pa tsiku. - dokotala anandiuza kuti nditenge piritsi kawiri pa tsiku.

Zitsanzo machenjerero ntchito particles popanda

Pankhani ya chodabwitsa cha chinthu ovuta ndi kasewenzetsedwe ka mau nzeru (kuti muone - kuyang'ana, kumva - kumva, kuona - zindikirani, kuonera - penyani, kusunga - kufufuza), ndi tinthu ikagwa:

• Ine ndikuwona kuti iye apite kunja. - Ine ndinamuwona iye kunja kwa nyumba.
  Ndikuona kupita naye kunja - Ine ndinamuwona iye kusiya nyumba.

Mu Mwachitsanzo otsiriza, mneni ntchito mu mawonekedwe a gerund, amene amapereka maganizo tanthauzo losiyana. Ngati vuto loyamba, munthu akuonera kamodzi kanthu (m'nyumba), mwa chitsanzo chachiwiri akusonyeza dongosolo lina, amalifotokoza mneni mathero -ing.

Kumvetsa zitsanzo zabwino kuyerekeza awiriawiri zotsatirazi:

• Ine ndinazindikira iye kulowa m'chipinda. - ndinaona pamene ankalowa chipinda.
  Ine ndinazindikira iye kulowa m'chipinda. - ndinaona pamene iye mu chipinda.
• Iye anamva Fred kupita cham'mwamba. - Iye anamva Fred ndinakwera makwerero.
  Iye anamva Fred kupita cham'mwamba. - Iye anamva Fred akubwera masitepe.

Choncho kudzera mwa zina zovuta kuti lofotokozeredwa monga mwa nthawi kanthu, ndi ndondomeko yeniyeni. Nthawi zambiri, pamene m'chinenero cha Russian kugwirizana kukomoka.

Ngati mneni kuona, kumva ntchito m'lingaliro "kumvetsetsa", zimene zinachitikira palibe kutsatira chinthu ovuta. ntchito zowonjezera zovuta zambiri mu nkhani iyi sizikhudza. Chitsanzochi chiperekedwe, ntchito mzera wa.

• Ndinaona kuti iye ankafunitsitsa kuti azipita. - Ine ndamva kuti iye akufuna kusiya.

Ntchito zowonjezera yotha kasewenzetsedwe ka mau kupangitsa, kuti, kumulola

M'pofunikanso kukumbukira angapo kasewenzetsedwe ka mau kutanthauza kuletsedwa kapena chilolezo (kuti - tiyeni, kupanga - kupanga, kuti - kutaya, kupangitsa - chifukwa mphamvu) yomwe chinthu ovuta ntchito popanda tinthu kuti:

• Mu ubwana wanga mayi osandisiya kuyenda mpaka ndinachita homuweki yanga. - Monga mwana, mayi anga osandisiya kokayenda mpaka ndichita maphunziro.
• Musandikhazike kuchita zinthu zoopsa zimenezi! - Musandikhazike kuchita zinthu zoopsa zimenezi!
• Inu kumupangitsa iye amaganiza monga iwe! - Muli ndi kukakamiza maganizo ake! (Inu ake mukuganiza komanso mumachita).

Zovuta Kuwonjezera ndi gulu zosatha

The infinitive kapangidwe ovuta chinthu angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana vidovremennyh Mwachitsanzo:

• Yogwira mawu. Pamene ndinali wamng'ono, mayi osandisiya yekha. - Pamene ndinali wamng'ono, mayi anga sanalole ndekha.
• Chabe mawu. Bambo anga mukufuna ine kuti kumwedwa mu timu dera mpira. - bambo anga akufuna kutenga timu ya mpira dera. Ine konse mlongo wanga akhala chilango. - Ine sindinayambe ndamuwonapo mlongo wanga chilango.
• Wangwiro mawonekedwe. mnzanga akanadziwa kokha ine kuti flunked. - Monga mzanga wa ine ndinkadziwa kuti ine analephera mayeso.
• Ndipamene wopitiriza. Ann anaonera mayi wokalamba kuyenda kuzungulira nyumbayo. - Ann anaona mkazi akale amayenda kuzungulira nyumbayo. Ndinamva Alice kulankhula kunong'ona. - ndinamva Alice ndi munthu kulankhula kunong'ona.

Wangwiro mawonekedwe zovuta zina: pamene ntchito?

Wangwiro Times Gulu - mmodzi wa mavuto lalikulu ophunzira Russian. The n'zovuta kumvetsa za "pano + zapitazi = anamaliza" sapita athandize anthu amene akuphunzira English: ena zimakhala zovuta ndipo si bwino kuti n'kosavuta kusiya maphunziro awo kuposa kusamukira zikusowa akumidzi galamala. Ndipo ngati tikukamba za kuipidwa ndi nthawi pamwamba ndi zovuta enaake ayenera musazengereze kuphunzira zodabwitsazi mu chipinda. Ndipotu zonse lophweka. The maganizo a mtundu wangwiro akufotokoza chinthu anachita pamaso pa zochitika mu mzera waukulu Mwachitsanzo:

• Alice ankafuna kuti ndapeza ntchito. - Alice ankafuna kuti apeze ntchito.

Kusinthika kwa maganizo izi imatengedwa wangwiro (kanthu zimene zinachitika kale pansi) mwa njira: kuti + Ved / 3 (mneni mathero -ed, ngati iwo uli gulu la kasewenzetsedwe ka mau zonse, kapena kupanga 3, ngati gulu la nthenda) .

ntchito yeniyeni zina zovuta

Mapulani akufotokoza kanthu anachita pa pempho la munthu wina.

• Bill akufuna kuti tsitsi lake. - Bill akufuna tsitsi. (Mwa kulankhula kwina, pa pempho la njirayi adzachita hairdresser).
• Nick akupita kuti galimoto lake anakonza. - Nick ati kukonza galimoto. (Izo ndizo, anakonza mu siteshoni utumiki.)
• Nina wakhala agogo ake atamusamalira pamene iye ntchito. - Pakuti agogo anga Nina akhaonera, pamene iye ntchito.
• Tikufuna kukhala mipando yathu kutsukidwa chifukwa wakhala shabby.- tikufuna mipando yathu kutsukidwa, chifukwa kwenikweni acimbadzoza.
• Ndinali juzi yanga osokedwa dzulo. - I osokedwa ndekha juzi dzulo. (Izo ziri, chinapangidwa pa pempho la mtsikana yekha.)
• Mary ankafuna kuti diresi yake anapanga wa nkhosa. - Mary akufuna kavalidwe anapanga wa nkhosa.

Zovuta enaake. Zochita umalimbana maphunziro luso

Pakuti kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera n'kovuta Zochita chinthu m'munsimu zimagwiridwa ataphunzira zitsanzo m'mbuyomu.

1. Ikumasuliridwa Russian.
   
   Ine sindinayambe adamva iye alimkuyankhula French.
   Iye akufuna kuti tikwatirane.
   Kodi inu mukuyembekeza kuti ine apita?
   Kukwatiwa anali mwana wake akhaonera pamene iye anali kudwala.
   Ndinadziwa iye anamaliza zapamwamba University of dera lathu.
   
   
2. Kukuza m'mabokosi, ntchito kuphunzira kamangidwe (ovuta chinthu galamala ulamuliro).
   
   Aliyense ankaona (iye, kufa).
   Milly sanayambe anakhumba (mwana wake, kukhala) katswiri wa zisudzo.
   Ankaona (iye, madzi) maluwa.
   
   
3. M'Chingelezi.
   
   Aliyense wamva mmene iye kukangana ndi mwamuna wake.
   Mike ankaganiza kuti ine ndinali kale kunyumba.
   Nthaŵi zambiri mayi zimandipangitsa kuchita homuweki.
   Kodi inu kuti iye abwerere kwawo?
   dokotala sadzalola ine kusokoneza bedi zina.

Mapangidwe ovuta chinthu kotunga ntchito luso ndi zitsanzozi ayenera mosamala ntchito.

nkhani zovuta

Mu English, pali zomangamanga wina wofanana ndi zovuta pulagi - ovuta Mutu. Syntactic chodabwitsa ndi zovuta za nkhani anasonyeza ndi nauni kapena puronauni ndi infinitive.

• munthu wachikulire uyu anati kwa mwakayakaya. - Akuti munthu wakale akudwala.

Monga Tingaone chitsanzo, nauni ndi chikugwirizana ndi kugwirizana ndi zina kwa infinitive verebu mu mawu chabe. Mbali imeneyi ya malembedwe ya lofotokozeredwa motere:

• kuti akuyenera - amati;
• amvedwe kwa - kumva izo;
• kuti ankakhulupirira kuti - akhulupirira;
• kudziwika kwa - amadziwika kuti;
• kulengeza kwa - kulengeza kuti;
• tiyembekezere - kuyembekezera.

Dziwani: mneni mitsempha kusinthidwa malinga ndi nthawi gulu umafuna ndi chiwerengero cha nauni ndi.

zitsanzo:

• Iye amadziwika ndi otchuka padziko lonse wovina. - Iwo amadziwika kuti anali wovina otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse.
• Ann ankakhulupirira kuti mayeso English pochitika. - Ine ndikukhulupirira kuti Anna kupambana mayeso mu Chingerezi.
• Pulezidenti chikuyembekezeka kusintha ndale. - Zikuoneka kuti Pulezidenti adzakhala kusintha malamulo.
• The buku la Chivumbulutso amayenera akhala mu 2012 malinga Maya Calendar. - zikusonyeza kuti dziko idzatha mu 2012, malinga ndi kalendala Mayan.
• Mariya anamva kukwatira. - Kodi mwamva kuti Mariya kukwatiwa.

Zovuta Mutu ndi akalumikidzidwa zosakhalitsa

The Mutu ovuta angagwiritsidwe ntchito iliyonse ya mitundu infinitive chikukhudza yogwira kapena kungokhala chete mawu, mawonekedwe wangwiro kapena yaitali kanthu mawonekedwe.

• The galu amati anapeza ku nkhalango. - Izo zinanenedwa kuti galu anapezeka mu nkhalango.
• Anyamata analengeza kuti anapambana masewera competition.- analengeza kuti anyamata kupambana chochitika zamasewera.
• Iye amayenera tasiya dziko. - Iye amayenera kuchoka m'dzikolo.
• Buku ankadziwa afalitsidwa kangapo. - Iwo amadziwika kuti bukuli tinalisindikizanso kangapo.

Zovuta nkhani mu mawonekedwe a ina yogwira

Kuwonjezera nyumba izi, ntchito chabe Voice, ovuta Mutu akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kasewenzetsedwe ka mau kuti zikuoneka kuti awonekere, kuzimitsa, zichitike mu mawonekedwe a Voice Amalalikira:

• Munthu uyu zikuoneka kuti Wakubayo. - Zikuoneka kuti munthu - wakuba.
• Ann sikunathandize kuti anazindikira chilichonse. - Zinaoneka Mariya sanadziwe kalikonse.
• Kodi iye kuchitika kuti akumane nawe? - Iye, poyamba, sindinaonepo inu patsogolo?
• Mkazi kumusangalatsa anaonekera kukhala conversable kwambiri. - Anamuuza kuti mkazi uyu ali fussy kwambiri sociable.
• John anaonekera kwa kupita ku Moscow dzana. - Anamuuza, John anachoka Moscow dzulo.
• Mayeso kunapezeka kuti zovuta kuti munthu aliyense wa gulu langa. - Anamuuza, mphamvu za zinali zovuta kuti aliyense mu gulu langa.

Pakuti kuloŵerera lathunthu la malamulo a ntchito ovuta Nkhani ayenera kukhala bwino ziwembu kuti onetsetsani kuti ndi kukhala mwachidziwikire.

• Bambo ndithu kukonza njinga. - Papa kwenikweni polumikiza njinga.
• Ann zikuoneka kuti muphonye sitima. - Anya mwina osazengereza m'sitima.

Kodi kuphunzira ovuta Nkhani

Monga zinachitikira ovuta chinthu, wokhulupirira kuti amachita onyenga zinachokera akuyambira maphunziro zipatso (m. E. Translation).

1. Kumasulira kwa English mu Russian (anawamasulira kuchokera English mu Russian):
   
   Musati muyesere kutsutsana naye Iye amayenera kudziwa zonse.
   bukuli ankaona kuti atayika. Mwamwayi, ndinapeza izo.
   Kodi kuweruza maonekedwe anga! Ine anakhulupirira kukhala chitsanzo!
   
   
2. Konzani chiweruzo ndi kumasulira mu Russian (kukonza mawu m'chiganizo ndi m'ndondomeko ndipo anapereka).
   
   Msungwana, anapambana, ankaona, ndiyo, mpikisano, ndi.
   Zedi, bambo, kukonza, ndi njinga.
   Inu, kodi iye, kuti, kuchitika, kukumana?
   
   
3. Kumasulira kuchokera Russian mu English (anawamasulira kuchokera Russian mu English).
   
   Zinaoneka kuti Mary ali m'chikondi.
   Iwo anali atamva kuti Bart anali atapita usiku watha.
   Amayi ndithu kukuthandizani homuweki.
   Iwo amafuna kuti mwanayo adzabadwa m'nyengo yozizira.
   Iye ikudalira kuti ine angapereke.
   Inu muli hairstyle osasamala. Muyenera kudula tsitsi.

Zovuta chinthu - mzere kucheza

Kuyambira kuphunzira chinenero kuti ntchito kulankhulana tsiku lililonse, anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti kalembedwe kudziwa zapansi kwathunthu achabechabe. Koma chuma mayunitsi lexical - uyu si kulankhula. M'malo mwake, choncho amachita monga "kuyenda dictionary" pa nthawi yoyenera kupeza zizindikiro kusinthika. English Communication - amatha akulumikiza limodzi maganizo awo ndi kuwasonyeza chinenero china. Ndipo basi galamala Choncho kugwirizana kuti amalola kuti molondola komanso molondola kufotokoza maganizo awo. Zimenezi zikugwira onse malamulo ang'ono, mawu ndi machitidwe lonse kalembedwe. Pankhaniyi, kufunika kuphunzira zochitika monga Kuwonjezera zovuta ndi mutu, zikusonyeza yokha. Izi mitundu kalembedwe ntchito periodicals nyuzipepala, magazini zolembalemba, ndi kulankhula. Zimenezi zikugwira makamaka ntchito ovuta chinthu English. Conciseness ndi kufupika kwa mawonekedwe ake amatilola zakukhosi yolondola zomveka kwa olandila (amene akumvetsera kwa wolankhulayo). Zovuta chinthu ntchito mwakhama Mabuku a nyimbo yachilendo, mafilimu, wailesi, ndi zina zotero. D.

A nkhani zovuta ndi mawu chabe - mliriwu?

Anthu amene kapena zochepa bwino galamala English, kumvetsetsa kufanana kwa nyumba izi ziwiri. Inde, chifukwa mapangidwe mitundu zovuta muyenera kukhala odziwa kwambiri za aligorivimu mapangidwe udindo. Chabe Voice - ndi chodabwitsa kalembedwe, chimene amasonyeza zimakhudza nkhaniyi chiweruzo, mwachitsanzo:

• nyumba ntchito. - nyumba ya moto.

Monga Tingaone mwayi umenewu, kunyumba poyera kuti moto. Izi ndi mawu chabe. Izi chodabwitsa kalembedwe monga phunziro akhoza kuchita zinthu zamoyo manauni Mwachitsanzo:

• Mtsikanayu chilango. - The mtsikana adapachikidwa.

Mawonekedwe a mawu chabe chikugwirizana ndi "akuyambitsa" pa nkhani kuipidwa:

• Mtsikanayu anati kusiya dziko. - Iwo amanena kuti iye anasiya dziko.

Chenjezo! Chabe mawu ndi zovuta nkhani lifanane kokha mu mawonekedwe akunja! Translation machenjerero awa adzakhala osiyana!

Ndiye zimene mukufunika ndi kufanana? M'pofunika ovuta Mutu zimapukusidwa mwachangu mawu. Kudziwa ndizosowa mapangidwe chabe, inu mosavuta kulenga akalumikidzidwa zovuta kuti kulankhula, popanda thandizo la cholembera ndi pepala.

Choncho ovuta mverani ovuta chinthu - amenewa zochitika zinenero zimene sizili chibadidwe Chirasha. Zikuoneka kuti ambiri mokoma ndi kapangidwe yachilendo complicates Kuphunzira malamulo. Ndipotu, palibe lalikulu zambiri. Chinthu chachikulu - onetsetsani kuti akwaniritse luso chachikulu ndi kutsiriza akamachita maphunziro, ndi pite ku ntchito mwachindunji maofesi awa mu mawu.