Leukopenia: zimayambitsa, mankhwala ndi mitundu ya matenda

matenda Hodgkin a, neutropenia, leukopenia, monocytosis - awa matenda onse m'malo wamba chimamanga chinthu chimodzi chokha - kusintha pathological pa mlingo wa maselo oyera. M'nkhani ino tikambirana chimodzi chokha njira kwa mndandanda.

Leukopenia - chikhalidwe pathological amene amakhala ndi makutu hematopoiesis mlingo wa maselo oyera. Mwatsoka, zaposachedwapa kufala kwa matenda zikuchulukirachulukira. N'chifukwa chiyani tikutero?

leukopenia akuluakulu ndi chiyani?

Izi makamaka pathological chikhalidwe, zomwe zikusonyeza kungachepetse magazi maselo oyera magazi, pamene kuchuluka akugwa pansi pa 3,7H10 ⁹ / l. Zimenezi anati kuchepetsa kupanga maselo oyera mwachindunji mu m'mafupa. Izi zikhoza chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda ndi matenda.

Yafupika zili leukocytes m'magazi kawirikawiri anati popanda kuwonongeka aliyense mu alili. Komano, kusintha kwa chitetezo chokwanira pa matenda pafupipafupi kumatanthauza pakutchulidwa matenda osiyanasiyana opatsirana. Kutopa, kuzizira pamene kuwonjezeka kutentha, chizungulire - onse zizindikiro izi zikhoza amaganiziridwa ndi matenda monga leukopenia. Zimayambitsa zizindikiro ngati matenda zikhale osadziwika kwa nthawi yaitali. Matenda komaliza zitha atsimikizire magazi.

Zimene muyenera kudziwa za maselo oyera?

maselo oyera a m'magazi mosalekeza opangidwa ku fupa mafuta, lymph mfundo ndi ndulu. Iwo zonse kufalitsidwa dongosolo magazi. Chiwerengero mukhoza kuziwerenga ntchito kusanthula wapadera.

Mwachibadwa, chiwerengero chawo zimasiyanasiyana 4.0 kuti 8,0H10 ⁹ pa lita imodzi ya magazi. misinkhu okwera wotchedwa leukocytosis. Nthawi zambiri m'njira thupi sagwirizana kutupa alipo. Chinthu n'chakuti onse maselo oyera kupha maselo yachilendo.

Kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha maselo oyera amatchedwa leukopenia.

Malinga pamaso pa maselo mwa iwo wokha tirigu madokotala kuitana mitundu iwiri ya leucocytes:

1. Granulocytes: eosinophils (mpaka 5%), basophils (1%), neutrophils (40-70%).
2. Agranulocytes: lymphocytes (20-45%), monocytes (3-8%).

Zambiri Fotokozani limasonyeza kuti granulocytes chifukwa cha oposa theka la zikuchokera okwana, ndi 90% ya iwo - ndi neutrophils.

Kupanda kutero, amatchedwa phagocytes. Akatswiri anawaitana choncho chifukwa iwo yodziwika ndi luso kuwononga tizilombo.

Choncho, munthu ayenera kusiyanitsa okwera woyera achiyesa maselo a magazi ndi wotsikirapo. Zinali inawo amatchedwa leukopenia.

zifukwa

Kuchiza matenda ndi zosatheka malinga dokotala sindikudziwa ndendende zimene chifukwa chachikulu, chimene chinapangitsa leukopenia. Apo ayi, nkhani ya mankhwala zolakwika, ndi matenda akupitiriza kupita patsogolo.

Zinthu kuchititsa chitukuko cha matenda, akatswiri timachitcha osiyanasiyana kwambiri. Komabe, nthawi zambiri ndi kuphwanya lizigwira mafupa, mmene kaphatikizidwe wa zimawonedwa chifukwa chopinga wa neutrophil:

• Mobwerezabwereza kukhudzana ionizing cheza (X-ray kawirikawiri ndi nthawi yophunzira, cheza matenda);
• matenda opatsirana (HIV, matenda septic, matenda herpetic);
• yaitali phwando magulu ena a mankhwala (mankhwala nonsteroidal wothandizila odana ndi yotupa, sulfonamides);
• chiphe poizoni ndi ziphe banja;
• Gulu vitamini akusowa ndi zina kufufuza zinthu;
• dysplastic ndi zotupa neoplastic za mafupa yokha, zimene zili kudwala matenda leukopenia (khansa, zotupa metastatic ndi T. d.).

Akatswiri amanena chiwonongeko mofulumira otchedwa granulocytes zimawonedwa chifukwa cha:

1. Autoimmune njira zowononga thupi.
2. Morning ntchito.
3. Kuchedwa leukocytes mu zida za pa maziko a hemodialysis.

mawonetseredwe matenda

Pa siteji koyamba kudwala matenda ndi zizindikiro bwino leukopenia pafupifupi nthawi zonse kwina. Wodwala angaoneke mutu, kufooka, chizungulire. Childs, zizindikiro palibe wina amasamalirira, koma matenda chithunzi pa nthawi imeneyi kusintha mofulumira. Motsutsa likhale ndi chofooka chamoyo zambiri matenda ake, amene anatsagana ndi:

• kupweteka kwa mutu;
• malungo;
• kuzizira;
• mofulumira zimachitika.

Nthawi zambiri za m'mimba mucosa zotupa kuoneka zilonda monga angapo ndipo erosions, matenda magazi, njira yotupa mu M'mimbamo m'kamwa.

Tcheru ziperekedwe ndi zochita matenda. njira zonse matenda m'thupi chichitike kangapo ankawonjezereka. Mwachitsanzo, kuyabwa kakang'ono pa khungu kungachititse kuti cellulitis. Nthawi zambiri anawona pambuyo mankhwala amphamvu ndulu kuwonongeka, chiwindi ndi maselo matumbo. Matenda alionse mu nkhani iyi, izo zimakhala zoopsa moyo wodwalayo. Chifukwa cha kusanthula magazi, monga ulamuliro, sikuti anapeza leukopenia. Thrombocytopenia Mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi nthawi zonse zivute zitani akufotokozera pa maziko yimitsira kupanga kupatsidwa zinthu za m'mwazi.

The owopsa matendawa?

Lekeza leukopenia, malinga ndi madokotala, zikubweretsa utachepa chitetezo chokwanira ndiponso kuchuluka munthawi yomweyo mu kudziwa matenda ambiri ndi matenda a khansa, nthawi zambiri kumatanthauza imfa. mawonetseredwe kwambiri za matenda otsatirawa: agranulocytosis, neutropenia ndi aleukia. Pankhaniyi, thupi ndi pafupifupi kwathunthu ikutha kutulutsa mitundu ina ya leukocytes.

Gawo

Nthawi zambiri, kutsitsa maselo oyera ndi zakanthawi. Monga amadziwika, amachititsa leukopenia akulu zambiri kugona mu mukumwa mankhwala (kutanthauza "Biseptolum", "Analgin"). Titamaliza zinthu zosokoneza zizindikiro zonse kutha. Apa ife makamaka akulankhula za otchedwa chosakhalitsa leukopenia. Umapezeka pa chizolowezi magazi ndipo alibe zotsatira aliyense matenda aakulu.

Akatswiri yaitali ayankhe anawagawa mitundu zotsatirazi:

• pachimake (miyezi itatu);
• aakulu (miyezi itatu).

zinthu zimenezi zimachititsa kukayikitsa agranulocytosis ndipo nthawi zonse amafuna tinafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane kwambiri.

Komanso, matenda leukopenia lagawidwa:

• mawonekedwe chachikulu (neutrophil ukapezeka matenda kaphatikizidwe);
• mawonekedwe sekondale (kuwonekera zinthu zimene kubisa hemopoiesis mwachizolowezi).

Kuchokera pa mlingo wa kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha leukocytes ku matenda akhonza kupatsidwa zinthu zitatu:

• wofatsa - 1,5x10 ⁹ / l (kusapezeka mavuto);
• Sing'anga - 0,5 kuti 1,0H10 ⁹ / L (pali matenda);
• Lolemera - 0,5H10 ⁹ / l (agranulocytosis ndi mawonetseredwe aakulu).

Ndi kwa gulu masika ambiri zambiri anagawa leukopenia. Mlingo wa chitukuko cha boma matenda zimadalira nzeru Mwina kuloŵa matenda.

diagnostics

Kutsimikiza matenda, adokotala n'kukulemberani wodwala malamulowa. Malinga ndi zotsatira akhoza adzaweruzidwa pamaso pa matenda. Ndiye, monga ulamuliro, woikidwa ndi mokambilana ndi ogwira ntchito ambiri kapena panthawiyi, dokotala. Dokotala ananena kuti ndi matenda leukopenia, zimayambitsa boma matenda. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti ngati katswiri adzadziwa zomwe zimachititsa hule chitukuko cha matenda, pangakhale mavuto ndi cholinga cha mankhwala ndi ntchito zake wotsatira.

Malangizo chithandizo

Wodwala woyamba anaikidwa mu chipinda osiyana. Madokotala ndi ena ogwira ntchito za umoyo mokakamiza ankachitira ndi dzanja antiseptic, ntchito gauze nsalu ndi kuvala mikanjo wosabala. Pa kwambiri kuyeretsa House ikuchitika ntchito disinfectants, nyali germicidal ntchito.

Kodi kuchitira leukopenia? Mu nkhani ya zolimbitsa chimake matenda amapatsidwa mankhwala zotsatirazi: "leucogen", "Batilol", "Pentoxyl". Mu chochitika cha matenda oyamba ndi mabakiteriya, akakhala pa kuwononga khungu, m'masiku oyambirira analimbikitsa yotakata sipekitiramu mankhwala (kutanthauza "Tseporin", "ampicillin", "Gentamycin").

Leukopenia pambuyo mankhwala amphamvu ankachitira ndi mankhwala timapemphera kukonza majini (mankhwala "Lenograstim", "Sargramostin", "filgrastim").

Nkofunika kudziwa kuti kudzatenga nthawi yaitali potsiriza kugonjetsa matenda, leukopenia. Zimayambitsa matenda monga taonera kale, nthawi zambiri akulimba akusowa mavitamini ena ndi mme- zinthu. N'chifukwa chake mu njira ya mankhwala m'pofunika kupereka ulemu wapadera kwa zakudya zoyenera.

zotsatira opindulitsa pa kusasitsa maselo atsopano ndi hemoglobin mankhwala kaphatikizidwe wolemera kupatsidwa folic ndi ascorbic acid. Daily zakudya ayenera kwenikweni zigwirizana zosiyanasiyana zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, therere mwatsopano ndi zipatso. Ndi bwino kudya phala anapanga kuchokera mpunga, buckwheat ndi dzinthu ena.

Monga mukuonera, zakudya si kwambiri austerity, koma kusiya kudya zakudya zina. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo mafuta nyama, zakumwa zotsekemera, kudya chakudya.

Pankhani ya matenda anatumizidwa mankhwala wopangidwa makamaka mankhwala popanda okhudza mafupa yokha. Ndi kuvomerezedwa kutsatira mavitamini, immunomodulators, kuikidwa kupatsidwa zinthu za m'mwazi ndi leukocyte misa. Zikavuta, madokotala ayamba kuchotsa ndulu. Opaleshoni alowererepo amagwira ntchito choncho zatsimikiziridwa ntchito ka kuwonongedwa kwa maselo oyera.

zotsatira zotheka

mankhwala amakono chimasiyanitsa zosiyanasiyana leukopenia, ndi gulu ili makamaka amadalira zinthu zimathandiza kuti kuchepa lakuthwa chiwerengero cha maselo oyera. Komabe, mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wa matenda, ayenera yomweyo njira zonse zofunika kuthana nazo. Ngati nthawi superekedwa chithandizo, Mwina mavuto, ndi owopsa kwa moyo wodwalayo.

Ambiri, powona atayezetsa, sindikudziwa chimene kwenikweni likuoneka leukopenia. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ndi mavuto obwera zingachititse yekha matenda amenewo, amene chikwiyire sakuyendetsa lakuthwa maselo oyera a m'magazi. Ndipotu, zimenezi ndi cholakwika. Leukopenia imafoola ntchito kuteteza thupi. Pakalibe chitetezo chokwanira kwambiri umatsegulanso chakuti pamaso pa matenda ambiri banal bakiteriya mu thupi kukhala ndi zochitika mwadzidzidzi. Ndiponso, leukopenia pafupifupi kawiri chiopsezo apamwamba kupeza matenda chotupa. Komanso nkotheka zotsatira za matendawa ndi monga agranulocytosis aleukia (mafupa).

Kupewa ndi madokotala ananena zawo

Nthawi zambiri pambuyo khansa akufotokozera leukopenia. Pambuyo mankhwala amphamvu mankhwala ndi kuteteza matenda mu malo oyamba akutanthauzanji kusankha yeniyeni ya dosing chakudya. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti zimatengera osati zinachitikira madokotala, komanso pa mphamvu mayunitsi apadera a. Ndicho chifukwa chake ngati kuli kotheka mmene chandamale ntchito mankhwala cheza. The amafa pa nkhani ya leukopenia odwala khansa ndi zosakwana 30% a milandu onse.

chidwi linaperekedwa kwa njira munthu ndi zofunika chithandizo cha odwala m'zipatala. Poika anthu kapena mankhwala ena dokotala ayenera kuganizira pamaso pa tsankho ena zigawo, wothandizila ngakhale matenda concomitant. Apa ntchito yapadera uli kudzimvera chithandizo ndiponso kutsatira malangizo anzeru a anzanu ndi achibale. chithandizo chilichonse ayenera kuperekedwa pokhapokha kufufuza matenda ndiponso kukambirana ndi katswiri.

M'nkhaniyi, ife anafotokoza monga mwatsatanetsatane mmene angathere za chiyani leukopenia. The zimayambitsa matenda zingakhale zosiyana kwambiri, kuyambira chosowa mavitamini ena kutsiriza ndi zotupa aakulu a m'mafupa. Mulimonsemo, koma mankhwala woyenera zingathandize polimbana ndi matenda. Khalani wathanzi!