Mafuta a Bardahl. Maphunziro a injini ya mafuta Bardahl

M'dziko lathu kampani ya Bardal siidatchuka kwambiri panobe. Komabe, ku mayiko a ku Ulaya, ku Ukraine, chizindikirochi chimadziwika kwambiri, zomwe zimagulitsidwa ndizofunikira. Wopanga opangidwayo ali ndi zochitika zambiri pakupanga njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira magalimoto, magalimoto ndi zipangizo zapadera.

Mafuta a injini Bardahl, ndemanga za zomwe zidzafotokozedwe kanthawi pang'ono, amadziwika ndi khalidwe lake. Chifukwa chake mankhwalawa sanaperekedwe kudziko lathu, kumene angagulidwe, komanso malingaliro a akatswiri ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ponena za izo, adzawonekeratu.

Mbiri ya chitukuko

Mafuta a mafuta Bardahl amapanga kampani yotchuka padziko lonse, yomwe kholo lawo linali Ole Bardal. Anachoka ku Norway kupita ku United States mu 1922. Anapulumutsa ndalama pogwira ntchito yopanga mapepala kuti aphunzire. Wokonza tsogolo la kampani yaikulu m'masiku amenewo ankakonda nyumba ndi zipangizo zamagalimoto. Kalelo, Ole anayesa kusintha mafuta.

Bardal anakhala nthawi yambiri mu labotale. Iye anali kuyesera kuti apeze mawonekedwe odzola omwe akhoza kuteteza bwino injini ku zotsatira zoipa. Anapangidwa ndi iye oyendetsa mafuta oyambirira ankayamikiridwa ndi makina.

Patapita nthawi, wofufuzirayo adatha kupanga mafuta omwe anali ndi zina zowonjezera. Fomu yomwe anapeza inaletsa kuteteza motokera, kuchepetsa kuvala kwake ndi 40%. Mfundo yofunika kwambiri yomwe Bardal adapeza muzaka zapitazi, ndipo lero ikugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafuta otchuka opanga.

Chinsinsi chachinsinsi

Mafuta a Bardahl, omwe adakambidwa lero ndi akatswiri ndi ogula, akhala ndi mbiri yakale. Njirayi, yomwe inakhazikitsidwa ndi Bardal m'chaka cha 1939, boma la United States linakhazikitsa nthawi yomweyo. Pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse, chida ichi, chokhazikitsidwa ndi asayansi, chawululira ubwino ku dziko lino pomenyera nkhondo.

Chinsinsi cha Ole chinali kugwiritsa ntchito mamolekyu apadera. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zamitengo. Izi zimapanga chisanu chapadera chomwe sichikuyenda mu njira. Zopangidwe zotere zimateteza kuvulaza.

Makina opangidwa ndi Bardal amatchedwa Polar Plus. Iyo idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mafuta a gearbox, motor. Pa nthawi yomweyo, zinali zotheka kuteteza injini panthawi yoyamba yozizira. Njirayi idasankhidwa. M'zaka za m'ma 40, mafuta ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ku US Army. Pambuyo pa nkhondo, zolembazo zinali zochepa. Umu ndi mmene kampani yotchuka padziko lonse Bardal inakhalira.

Company lero

Maphunziro a mafuta a mafuta a Bardahl amaperekedwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi. Lero kampaniyo ili ndi magawo awiri. Dipatimenti yoyamba ili ku US, ndipo yachiwiri - ku Ulaya. Otsatirawa akuthamangitsidwa ndi mayiko a Africa, Asia, Europe ndi Australia.

Padziko lonse Bardal ndi mtsogoleri. Malonda a kampaniyo kwa nthawi yayitali amachokera ku malonda ake, komanso malonda osiyanasiyana. Masiku ano, zogulira zopitirira 220, zowonjezera zakumwa zosiyanasiyana za magalimoto zimapangidwa.

Zamagetsi alibe kusiyana pakati pa miyendo ya amateur ndi akatswiri. Nthawi zonse chitukuko cha mawu atsopano ndi zolemba. Izi zimapangitsa kuthetsa zofuna zapamwamba zamakono zamakono. Zida zamakono za magalimoto zimapereka 99% za zonse zotuluka. Amapangidwira pazipangizo zawo zokha.

Amatsenga

Kampaniyi imapanga malo ambiri ogwiritsira ntchito magalimoto osiyanasiyana. Izi zimaphatikizapo mafuta, zowonjezera, refrigerants ndi oyeretsa. Pa gawo lililonse la zopangidwe, kuyezetsa kumachitika kuti zitsatidwe ndi zofunidwa.

Kwa mtundu uliwonse wa injini, komanso machitidwe opangira, mzere wake wa mankhwala wapangidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mafuta a injini Bardahl SynPulsar N 5W-30 SN / CF amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa injini ya petrol ndi dizeli. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutentha kwa -35 mpaka + 25 ° C.

Kuti musankhe bwino mtundu wa mafuta, m'pofunika kuti mudziwe zoyenera za wopanga magalimoto. Mitundu yambiri ya padziko lonse inavomereza mafuta a Bardal kwa injini zawo. Izi zikuphatikizapo Peugeot, Citroën, Volkswagen, Mazda, Renault, ndi zina. Zambiri zamagetsi zimakulolani kusankha zakudya zamagalimoto atsopano, azakale ndi zakutchire.

Maziko a mafuta

Mafuta a injini Bardahl, ndemanga zomwe akatswiri amapereka mwabwino, angapangidwe pazitsulo zamagetsi, zokhazikika kapena zokhazikika. Kwa mtundu uliwonse wa magalimoto ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana.

Mafuta pa mchere ndi otsika mtengo. Chitha cha 4 malita chidzagula pafupifupi 1,100-1,400 ruble. (Malinga ndi mndandanda). Katemerayu ndi woyenera makilomita okwera mileage. Kusintha mafuta amchere kukuyenera kupangidwa mobwerezabwereza.

Mafuta osakaniza amapangidwira kuchokera kumagulu opangira zinthu. Iwo amasiyanitsidwa ndi mtengo wawo wapamwamba ndi makhalidwe abwino apamwamba. Mphamvu ya 5 malita amawononga 1,900-2,500 rubles. Mafuta osakaniza ndi abwino kwa magalimoto omwe amagwira ntchito pansi pa zovuta. Iwo ali ndi makhalidwe apamwamba kwambiri, kulola injini kugwira ntchito bwinobwino mu chisanu ndi kutentha.

Semisynthetic amatanthauza zinthu zomwe zili pamwambazi. Amawononga pafupifupi 1,700-2,000 rubles. Izi ndi njira zomwe zili zoyenera magalimoto apakati.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji mafuta?

Kuti musankhe bwino mafuta, akatswiri amalangiza kuti aphunzire malangizo a wopanga. Kalasi yofunikira ya mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi zolekerera zalembedwa apa. Kampaniyo "Bardal" imapanga mafuta pa magalimoto, magalimoto, komanso njinga zamoto. Mndandanda uliwonse wotsatizana uli ndi chizindikiro china. Mwachitsanzo, mafuta a injini Bardahl Synpulsar Racing 0W-30 SM / CF amapangidwa ndi mafuta, dizilo njinga zamoto, chaka chopanga mapepala kuyambira 1990 mpaka 2004.

Kenaka, muyenera kufufuza kalasi yomwe ili yoyenera kumadera ena. Kulemba kumakhala ndi muyezo wa SAE. Pafupifupi mafuta onse a Bardal ndi nyengo yonse. Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'chilimwe komanso m'nyengo yozizira. Ndikofunikira kuti musankhe kalasi yoyenera ya mamasukidwe akayendedwe. Kumadera ozizira kwambiri kumene kutentha kumatha ku -40ºС m'nyengo yozizira, njira zogwiritsira ntchito 0W ndizoyenera. Ngati kudera lina la nyengo likutentha, mamasukidwe akayendedwe ayenera kukhala aakulu.

Madzi omwewo adzatentha m'chilimwe mu chipinda chokwanira. Pankhaniyi, malo owuma adzapangidwa pa ziwalozo. Izi zimabweretsa zovala zofulumira zamoto. Ngati ma viscosity mu chisanu ndi apamwamba kwambiri, injini idzakhala yowuma pamene ikuyamba. Mafuta sangathe msanga kutseka mbali zonse zachitsulo. Choncho, kusankha kwake kuyenera kuchitidwa moyenera.

Zotsatira za akatswiri

Akatswiri amanena kuti mafuta operekedwa ndi opangidwa ndipamwamba kwambiri. Lili ndi makhalidwe apamwamba. Mafuta a Bardahl amadziwika ndi kutentha kwakukulu. Zimasonyeza moyo wautumiki wapamwamba, kuteteza motokoto ku zotsatira zovuta za chilengedwe.

Chidachi chimayendetsa galimoto yoyera, kusunga carbon particles mu dziko lokhazikitsidwa. Ndiponso, wothandizira amatetezera zinthu zitsulo kuchokera ku zowononga, zopweteka.

Akatswiri amanena kuti ndalama zomwe zimaperekedwazo zimatsatira mokwanira miyezo yapamwamba ya ku Ulaya. Iwo ali otetezeka ku chilengedwe ndi thanzi laumunthu. Chifukwa cha katundu wotere, mafuta operekedwawa ndi otchuka kwambiri.

Technology

Okonza mafuta a "Bardal" amapanga nyimbo zabwino zomwe zimapangitsa kusungira mtundu wa injini kwa nthawi yaitali. Izi zimapereka mpata wopulumutsa ndalama za dalaivala. Mwachitsanzo, mafuta a injini Bardahl Pulsar l 10W-40 SL / CF ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zimakuthandizani kuteteza injini pa katundu wambiri. Izi zimathandiza kupititsa patsogolo moyo wa mafuta ndi makina. Pa nthawi yomweyi, maonekedwe a mafuta amakhala apamwamba chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zamakono. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagulu ena ochita kupanga ndi osowa thupi.

Choncho, pakupanga mafuta ambiri "Bardal" amagwiritsira ntchito mateloji ambiri Fullerene ndi Polar Plus. Chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwawo, mamolekyumu a zinthu amapanga chingwe chapadera pakati pa zinthu zakusakaniza. Izi zimakuthandizani kuonjezera bwino magalimoto, komanso kuchepetsa mapangidwe a kutupa, kutayika kosakaniza.

Mbali za kukhazikitsidwa

Ku Russia, mafuta opangidwa ndi mafuta amtunduwu sanapezebe kuti chofunika kwambiri, chomwe chikupezeka m'mayiko ena. Pa nthawi yomweyi mu gawo la Russian Federation muli ogulitsa ogulitsa ndi ogulitsa malonda a Bardal. Pulogalamu yotsatsa inali yaikulu kwambiri. Komabe, zochepa zofunikira zogulitsa zimaphatikizidwa ndi zolakwika zina mu ndondomeko ya malonda.

Tiyenera kunena kuti mafuta a Bardahl ku Ukraine akufunika kwambiri. Pano malonda ndi zoyesayesa za ogulitsa akhala atapindula bwino. Ku Kiev, zinthu zonse zinalengedwa pofuna kugulitsa katundu wa Bardal. Kutumiza kwachitika mofulumira (ku Kiev kwaulere), kumapereka mauthenga onse okhudza mafuta. Mitengoyo imavomerezedwa, zopangirazo zimapikisana ndi ojambula ena a ku Ulaya.

Ku Russia, ogulitsa alibe chidziwitso chonse cha mankhwalawa. Mafutawa nthawi zambiri sapezeka, kotero kubereka kumatenga nthawi yaitali. Mitengo ya Bardal ku Russia ikhoza kukhala yapamwamba kusiyana ndi katundu wa Castrol kapena maiko ena akunja. Chifukwa chake, m'dziko lathu, mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchitowa amagulitsidwa pang'onopang'ono.

Kutsatsa ku Russia Federation

Ngati mukuganiza kuti mafuta a Bardahl ku Kiev akugulitsidwa mofulumira, zimakhala zosamvetsetsekeratu chifukwa m'dziko lathu muli mikangano yotsutsana ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ogwiritsa ntchito ena amanena kuti "Bardal" amalola galimoto yawo kuti igwire ntchito nthawi zina bwino, pamene ena amakamba za makhalidwe apakati a malowa.

M'dziko lathu munatuluka ndemanga ya omwe kale anali wotchuka kwambiri pamabuku a magalimoto, omwe adayankhula za zotsatira zabwino kwambiri za mafuta "Bardal" pa injini. Izi zinayambitsa kukambirana kwakukulu.

Kusakhulupirika kwa anthu omwe timakhala nawo kuzinthu zomwe timapereka zimayambanso chifukwa cha njira zolakwika za ogulitsa ndikugwiritsira ntchito mafuta. Malo awo ali ndi kulekerera kuti kulibe. Izi zinapangitsa kukayikira pakati pa madalaivala achi Russia ponena za ubwino wa mafuta a Bardal.

Malangizo a akatswiri

Ndizosamvetsetseka kuti tiganizire za ubwino wa madalaivala a Bardal m'dziko lathu sitingathe. Kuperewera kwa zolemba zoyenerera, mitengo yamtengo wapatali, komanso nthawi yaitali yobereka, anadzudzula ogula nyumba kuchokera ku mankhwalawa. Komabe, chifukwa chiyani mafuta a Bardahl ku Kiev, komanso mizinda ina kuzungulira dziko lapansi ikufunika kwambiri, akatswiri amathandiza kumvetsa. Mu Russian Federation, kufufuza kunkachitika pa zinthu za mtunduwu. Zinawululidwa kuti mankhwalawa ali ndi makhalidwe apamwamba. Mafuta ndi a mtundu wapakati wabwino.

M'mayiko ena, mtengo wa mafuta a Bardal ndi ovomerezeka. Ogulitsa amapereka zinthu zabwino zowunikira. Ngati m'dziko lathuli zinthu zonse zogula bwino ndalamazi zidzaperekedwa, zofunikanso zidzakula nthawi zina.

Malingaliro olakwika ochokera kwa oyendetsa galimoto

Maphunziro okhudza mafuta a Bardahl ndi osakanikirana. Ambiri oyendetsa galimoto samakonda zosowa zofunikira, zolemba zapamwamba ndi kulekerera kwenikweni kwa opanga magalimoto. Komanso mtengo wapatali wa mafuta "Bardal" anadziwika.

Pa nthawi yomweyi, madalaivala amadziwa kuti injiniyo sinagwire bwino ntchito, monga momwe tafotokozera mu msonkhano wamalonda. Chifukwa chake, ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito amakonda kugula katundu wa zinthu zina, kugulitsidwa kwa ogulitsa omwe ali ndi udindo.

Malingaliro abwino

Ngati mumayang'ana moyenera, ndiye kuti mafuta a Bardahl amapeza zowonjezereka kusiyana ndi zoipa. Madalaivala amadziwa ntchito yoyendetsa injini. Mafuta amawasunga bwino kwa nthawi yaitali. Phokoso la galimotoyo limakhala lochepa.

Madalaivala amadziwa malo abwino kwambiri otetezera mafuta pamene injini ikuyendetsa bwino kwambiri. Njirayi imagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali. Mafuta sayenera kusinthidwa kawirikawiri. Ichi ndi chida chapamwamba choyenera kuyang'anira madalaivala.

Tikaganizira zodziwika bwino za mafuta a Bardahl, akatswiri a katswiri komanso oyendetsa galimoto, wina akhoza kuzindikira kuti mankhwalawa ndi otani. Izi ndi mafuta, oyenera kuyang'anitsitsa wogula.