Major mchere chuma cha dziko

chuma mchere zimatchedwa zonse zosiyanasiyana mchere ntchito ndi anthu zosowa zawo. Chimasanduka, mankhwala yaiwisi zipangizo, zitsulo, miyala yamtengo wapatali, zipangizo yomanga - kuti anthu yotengedwa matumbo a dziko. chuma mchere mu dziko akuti lipange matani, koma iwo sali wopanda malire. ntchito zawo zomveka - chinsinsi chitukuko tsogolo la dziko lotukuka.

Gawo

Maminolo zipangizo anawagawa m'magulu asanu:

• Zitsulo kwa chitsulo ndi ferroalloys.
• zitsulo Nonferrous.
• zitsulo zamtengo wapatali.
• Industrial mchere.
• Maminolo mafuta.

Ndipo chuma mchere wa dziko anawagawa salembedwa zongowonjezwdwa ndipo sanali zongowonjezwdwa. Gulu loyamba zikuphatikizapo zinthu za chiyambi kwachilengedwenso: .. Mafuta, malasha, methane, etc. Pakuti mapangidwe awo amafuna zinthu zenizeni zachilengedwe ndipo kwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri. Kupanga zitsulo ndi mchere (iwo ali gulu lachiwiri) irreversibly buku awo amachepetsa.

Geography Maminolo Resources wa Dziko

Maminolo Zakudya Zida mwa zigawo ndi anagawira omangidwa kwambiri ndipo chifukwa kapangidwe miyala ya m'deralo. Chimasanduka amakhala nyanja pachikuto cha mayiko wakale. Zolemba malire buku amatenga khala (60%) Komabe, ntchito yake lero okha ndi zinthu zamakono ndi chilengedwe. nkhokwe yaikulu zipangizo ndi kufukulidwa m'maiko onse, koma ambiri khala zobala mabeseni si chozama. madipoziti Large zikugwira ntchito mu United States, Russia, China, Australia, India, Germany, Ukraine ndi Kazakhstan.

Mafuta ndi mchere mafuta chuma cha dziko amapanga% 27 zokha basi kwathunthu, koma ndi thandizo lawo, opangidwa 57% mphamvu zonse. Wamphamvu minda mafuta ndi gasi inakhazikitsidwa ku Venezuela, Russia (dera Volga, Western Siberia), United States (Texas ndi Mississippi beseni), Nigeria, Canada, ndi Gulf, Africa North, ndi ya Caspian beseni.

Zitsulo ores wambiri malo wakale wa ntchito chiphala m'madera a orogeny yogwira. Komabe, pamaso pa mapiri sizikutanthauza pamaso pa madipoziti wolemera. Mwachitsanzo, gawo limodzi la Europe aphimbidwa ndi mapiri Komabe, madipoziti kwambiri zitsulo ores si ambiri, ambiri kale ndipo ilibe tanthauzo zachuma. Koma Kursk maginito anomaly ili mu mtima wa East European Plain Komabe, nkhokwe chitsulo zofunika. formations miyala kusiya makilomita ambiri akuya.

chitsulo

chuma mchere wa dziko zobwezedwa, koma zofunika kwambiri pakati pawo ndi chitsulo. Ndi chinthu chimodzi waukulu mu dziko lonse ndipo ambiri refractory amafotokozera. Akuti Dzikoli lili ndi chitsulo kuchuluka kwa 5% ya kulemera kwake. Iron miyalayo ndi maziko yopanga zitsulo ndi zitsulo, zinthu zosiyanasiyana ntchito magalimoto, makina ulimi, zida telefoni, armament, milatho, madamu, ngalande ndi monga D..

Ngakhale chitsulo ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu ambiri padziko lapansi, yosafuna chitukuko cha madipoziti amafalitsidwa omangidwa. Ndili ndi nkhokwe wolemera wa United States, Brazil, India, China ndi Canada. Ena madipoziti lalikulu ili mu Kazakhstan, Sweden, Ukraine, France, Venezuela, Peru, Chile, Australia, Liberia, South Africa, Malaysia, Africa North. Mu Russia ali nkhokwe zokwanira miyala iyi wapatali kwa ndalama zake ndi katundu. madipoziti Large wambiri Magnitogorsk ndi zigawo zina za Urals, ndi Kola Peninsula ndi Republic oyandikana Karelia, m'dera KMA ku Siberia.

zitsulo Non-akakhala

chuma mchere wa dziko kuphunzira bwino. zithunzi Satellite ndi njira zamakono pobowola asiya kudziwa malo waukulu ambiri sanali akakhala zitsulo ores.

Chinthu chofunika ndi mkuwa. Izi zitsulo ductile ndi lalitali kwambiri matenthedwe ndi magetsi madutsidwe. Koyera mkuwa ndi zofewa ndi ofewa, kumene ntchito padziko ali pabuka-lalanje mtundu. Izo ntchito monga wochititsa kutentha ndi magetsi, chuma nyumba ndi mbali zikuluzikulu za kasakaniza wazitsulo osiyana zitsulo. Mkuwa ntchito zaka 10 000 ndipo woyamba zitsulo atulukira anthu.

Zilibe amadwala dzimbiri kwambiri, pulasitiki ndipo momasuka wothira zitsulo zina. Izi ndi wochititsa wabwino wa magetsi ndi kutentha. The ogula chachikulu cha mkuwa ndi magetsi, chitetezo, mphamvu, mafakitale magalimoto. 90% ya nkhokwe ya chitsulo ichi ndi anaikira mu zigawo zisanu za dziko lapansi:

• South Africa.
• Chile.
• Dera la kumadzulo kwa United States.
• Kazakhstan.
• Canada (Sudbury m'dera).

Noble zitsulo (wapatali)

chuma mchere wa dziko ndi phindu osiyana. Zodula kwambiri zitsulo (kupatulapo osowa lapansi) ali otchedwa wolemekezeka pulatinamu, golide, siliva. Gold - yowirira zofewa ndi malleable zitsulo ndi mtundu yowala chikasu ndipo luster. Ndi mmodzi wa ang'ono zinthu zotakasika mankhwala zinthu olimba muyezo. Choncho, zitsulo nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu elemental ufulu (achilengedwe), mu mawonekedwe a yokha kapena Granik m'matanthwe, mitsempha ndi madipoziti alluvial. Wofala mu mchere. Poyamba, buku waukulu anali yokha kuti anali kufunafuna Anthuwa ndi. Tsopano, ambiri a golide opangidwa m'mafakitale wapadera, amene kukonzedwa mwala ndi okhutira mkulu zipangizo wapatali yaiwisi.

China, Australia, USA, South Africa ndi yaikulu golide sewerolo mu dziko. A wanga wa Witwatersrand - kutsogolera pakati golide migodi dziko. Palinso kupanga madera akuluakulu monga: Rand M'minda Kimberley Livingstone, Cape of Good Hope, Natal, ndi ena. Canada ndi chidwi golide sewerolo. Kulimba Russian mu mapiri Ural, Baikal ndi Trans-Baikal, ndi Lena beseni. Inventories Kolyma dera kwambiri zatha. A zambiri golide ncho mu United States (Alaska, California, ndi miyala Mountains dera), Australia (Kalgoorlie, Yampi, Phiri Morgan), India (Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh).

chuma mchere wa dziko lapansi: tebulo

Wapatali chuma mchere pafupifupi 200 mitundu ya zitsulo, chimasanduka, mchere, zomangamanga ndi nyumba zipangizo. Taganizirani mitundu ikuluikulu ya zipangizo ndi atsogoleri dziko kupanga awo:

Ogwira ntchito m'migodi zizichitidwa "ndi diso kuti m'tsogolo." Mayiko ambiri anayamba ntchito yawo, anakumana ndi otchedwa njala gwero. Kuthandiza chuma, akakamizidwa Tumizani zipangizo. Zomveka ntchito zachilengedwe - chinsinsi yaitali chitukuko.