Malo amene nkhupakupa m'chilengedwe

Kumsasa maphunziro kupuma vuto lalikulu akanali nkhani ya chitetezo ku nkhupakupa. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti kulumidwa awo kungachititse kuti inasinthiratu mu thupi la munthu, n'zothandiza ndi chilema kapena, oipitsitsa, kudzetsa imfa.

Kumene, ngati inu nthawi yambiri mu chikhalidwe, bwino kwambiri ntchito ulamuliro wa nthata pa munda mankhwala zapaderazi, processing waya pamodzi kukafika kutsogolo lonse. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti tsiku akhala owopsa kwa anthu ndi nyama. Nthawi zambiri, chinthu angapezeke mu mawonekedwe a madzi ndi granules. M'pofunika kumbukirani kuti ngati simuli wotsimikiza kuti adzatha kubala apamwamba processing gawo bwino kupatsa khalidwe la ndondomeko akatswiri a.

nthata kuukira zambiri akuyamba pakati pa kasupe ndipo akupitiriza mpaka chisanu choyamba. Yambani ndi kumapeto kwa nyengo ya ntchito nkhupakupa ndi variable kwambiri ngakhale mkati yemweyo mfundo Hrs, koma iwo awonetsa ntchito kwambiri pa mapeto a May ndi June ndi ku mochedwa August kwa October.

deta zofunika

• The yogwira kwambiri iwo kukhala mu yotentha. M'chaka, pamene mlengalenga si bwino kutenthetsa, nyerere zimenezi aulesi kwambiri, ndipo zimenezi, afika pa zovala zanu, musati kuluma. Ndi kugwa, iwo akukhala amtopola ndipo adzadziphatika mwachindunji.

• Chongani ofalitsidwa encephalitis - malo a mitundu imene zimafalitsa matenda, makamaka chonyowa. Nthawi zambiri angapezeke mu nkhalango lonyowa deciduous ndi marshland. Chonyamulira cha encephalitis kungakhale pafupifupi mite aliyense wakudya magazi a anthu kapena zinyama. Iwo chili mu malo a khungu kuti si mophweka muzindikire. Kuwonjezera encephalitis amafalitsidwa angapo matenda ovuta kuchiza.
• Zimapezekanso Ofunika kleschey- izi wandiweyani deciduous nkhalango, udzu ndi zitsamba. Nkhupakupa chiyani sadzalekerera dzuwa, kotero kuti akakumane nawo m'madera lotseguka zosatheka.
• Nthawi zambiri, ndi Mafunso Chongani kuluma amanyamula mu malo amenewo kumene anthu sadzatha kudziwa izo zowoneka: khosi, mutu kapena kumbuyo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti kuluma ndi sabweretsa chisoni, ndi chifukwa kuti munthu sangathe ngakhale ndikuganiza za izo mu dongosolo kukhwimitsa yake.

Matenda kuti kunyamula nkhupakupa

Nkhupakupa - limodzi mwa magulu waukulu wa arthropods pa dziko. Nthawi zambiri amakonda kudyetsa zomera wamng'ono. Mu dziko muli ambiri osiyana mitundu ya nkhupakupa, ambiri mwa akadali bwino anamvetsa.

Ena mitundu ndinazolowera parasitize onse nyama ndi anthu, kudya magazi kokha. Malo nthata (Ixodoidea) zikuphatikizapo mayiko onse mpaka Antarctica. Iwo amanyamula tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ambiri, kupanga foci chilengedwe cha matenda. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ambiri a iwo amanyamula mudzichonga encephalitis. Malo kulikonse, monga chotengera cha encephalitis kungakhale mite iliyonse, mosasamala kanthu za mitundu. Ngakhale onyamula chachikulu cha matenda ndi nayonso ndi bango Ixodes ricinus (imapezeka mu gawo Loona za Europe ndi ku Asia).

Kakobiri: malo ndi njira ya moyo

Nkhupakupa zambiri zopezeka mu kuwundana nthambi akufa ndi chomera zinyalala, kumene zisa zawo. Pa nthawi, iwo kukwera kumalo okwera ankaona nsonga za udzu ndi zitsamba, kumene molimba kunsana miyendo ndipo anatambasula kutsogolo, kuyembekezera abwino gwero chakudya. Forepaws iwo akuyang'ana zovala, kenako kupita pa izo mpaka ndiye, mpaka iwo kupeza khungu pamtunda. Nkhupakupa amakonda kusaka ndi kutalika kwa 1 m, kotero kuti munthu angathe Usaope za kuwonongedwa kwa mitengo.

Kupewa kuluma

Monga malo nthata mu chikhalidwe amaphatikizapo makamaka lonyowa nkhalango deciduous ndi malo msewu, inamera udzu, njira yabwino kupewa kuukira ndipo sindikufuna kachilomboko kwa kuluma - ndi kupewa kwake.

Kuchita izi:

• Ngati mukufuna kwa nthawi yaitali kuti kukhala panja, muyenera kuvala zovala zofunda thupi ngati kuli kotheka.
• Atabwerera kunyumba, onetsetsani nokha ndi okondedwa.
• Ngati Mafunso Chongani wapezeka, kuti muchotse popanda onongani.
• Ngati Mafunso Chongani ukadali munakhala mu khungu, ndipo mosamala kukokera kunja kwa khungu. Chinthu chachikulu kukumbukira: sakutsutsana ndi kukhulupirika kwa Zikuluzikulu lapansi. Kenako, chilonda kupopera mankhwala. Ngati simuli wotsimikiza kuti adzakhala kupirira mite Tingafinye popanda kuwononga kukhulupirika kwake, ndi bwino kukaonana ndi katswiri.

m'dera chithandizo

pa malo nthata malo m'dera zikuphatikizapo greenery onse, kutalika zomwe si upambana 1 m. Choncho, m'pofunika kuti achite mokwanira mankhwala mankhwala gawo osachepera kangapo pa chaka. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti ntchito ya nkhupakupa kusintha pa chilimwe kangapo.

Pakali pano, mankhwala a Villa m'dera la Mafunso Chongani ndi sayambitsa mavuto kupeza kampani zokwanira, chinkhoswe m'madera akatswiri kuyeretsa kwa tizirombo.

nkhupakupa

nkhupakupa tonse a Ixodes gulu ndi majeremusi. kukula timadalira pa mlingo wa machulukitsidwe, pafupifupi akamafika kutalika masentimita angapo. Izi mwachindunji zokhudzana ndi chakuti, okuta wamkazi thupi extensible kwambiri. Komanso, iwo akhoza kudyetsedwa kawirikawiri (nthawi zina kamodzi kokha moyo), koma ndi kudya wambirimbiri magazi. Pamene chizungulire ndi kukhala magazi m'thupi angakhale nayo deta chachikulu kuukira nkhupakupa anthu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mudzichonga kwa nthawi zonse chitukuko, kusintha eni angapo, omwe adya palibe kangapo.

Chongani malo zikuphatikizapo mbewu, kutalika zomwe si upambana 1 m. Komanso, iwo akhoza ke gwero tsogolo la chakudya mu tchire ndi udzu kukula pamodzi njira. Mitundu ina ya nkhupakupa m'kati kusanduka ndinazolowera kuchita kayendedwe yogwira ntchito kupeza nthawi zonse chakudya, zomwe zimachititsa tifunika kufufuza thupi lake ndi zovala nkhondo.

galu mudzichonga

Kakobiri galu, amene malo zikuphatikizapo dera lonse la Europe ndi ku Asia, nkhalango wosanganiza ndi deciduous ndi tchire, Amathandiza kusamala foci chilengedwe cha matenda osiyanasiyana tizilombo mu makoswe, amene onyamula waukulu kwa anthu ndi ziweto.

thupi mite aphimbidwa ndi cuticle zotanuka ndi mawonekedwe ake akufanana chowulungika zolondola. Mtundu wa amuna ndi akazi pa nyengo ya kusala kudya - chikasu-bulauni. Monga machulukitsidwe mwazi wa mkazi amasintha mtundu wofiira owala, kuwonjezera kukula kwa mamilimita 12.

Prisasyvayas kuti khamu, ndi mudzichonga wakudya mwazi kwa masiku angapo. Chifukwa cha kuluma wake pa thupi la munthu akhoza kukhala zovuta matupi awo sagwirizana zochita. Pamene matenda ndi kuluma thupi, kuyesera kuti ayiwononge matenda zikhoza mapangidwe mafinya, kuti popanda mankhwalawa kungayambitse mavuto aakulu.

nayonso mudzichonga

Habitat nkhupakupa (Ixodes persulcatus) zikuphatikizapo nayonso zone ya Europe ndi ku Asia, dera Far East, Europe chapakati ndi gawo European la Russia. Ndi chonyamulira lalikulu la Mafunso Chongani ofalitsidwa encephalitis, popeza kuukira kwambiri pa anthu.

Iwo prides palokha pafupifupi nyama zonse, kotero mu chikhalidwe nthawi zonse anali kufalitsa kachilombo encephalitis, waukulu umene ali mosungiramo zachilengedwe a makoswe ang'ono ndi mbalame. nayonso nkhupakupa zambiri nyama pomenyana mbuzi, amene zokhudza ndi peculiarities wa khalidwe lawo. Chifukwa iwo ali mu ndondomeko ya mphamvu amakonda kuyenda m'tchire, pa ubweya wawo akalakwa nambala yaikulu nthata.

Ngakhale kuti iwo mbuzi kunyamula bango ofalitsidwa encephalitis wofatsa kulowa m'thupi la munthu ndi mkaka, izo amakula mwamsanga.

kangaude mite

Kangaude nthata, malo okhala ndi pafupifupi kwina kulikonse, amakonda kudyedwa monga zipatso ndi houseplants. Ndipotu, ndi oche- kangaude mite (kutalika kwa thupi - 1 mm), kudya chomera kuyamwa. The chizindikiro chachikulu cha kukhalapo kwake zomera ndi kupezeka kwa ukonde pansi masamba.

Nkhupakupa: malo, mtima mu umunthu

Chongani ofalitsidwa encephalitis anagawira pa pafupifupi buku lonse Eurasian gawo. Mafunso Chongani malo zikuphatikizapo zambiri nkhalango chinyezi ndi zitsamba wandiweyani ndi udzu. nthawi angapo zimapezeka pansi pa nkhalango, m'mbali chigwa nkhalango ndi gombe la mitsinje.

Malo nthata ndi njira zawo kafalitsidwe ofanana kwambiri. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti ambiri nkhupakupa tikunena misewu nkhalango ndi njinga, atachuluka udzu roadsides. Mu malo awa pali ambiri kuposa nkhalango okha. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti nthata parasitic amakopeka makamaka fungo la nyama ndi anthu amene amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito ulendo yoyendayenda ku madera nkhalango.

Kupewa kulumidwa ndi kutenga matenda aakulu, ayenera kukumbukira kuti malo nthata kumapeto April - oyambirira July, anaikira mu nkhalango chinyezi, wagwa masamba, zigwembe, udzu ndi tchire pafupi mitsinje. Akapita limeneli, m'pofunika kufufuza thupi ndi zovala kuti azindikire ndi kuchotsa tizirombo ndi.