Matenthedwe mawerengedwe walling: chitsanzo cha mawerengedwe ndi mamangidwe. Chilinganizo kutentha zomangamanga mawerengedwe machenjerero kuteteza

Kukonza malo yabwino yogona kapena ntchito ndi ntchito yaikulu yomanga. Zambiri m'dera la dziko lathu mu M'madera a zitunda kumpoto ndi nyengo yozizira. Choncho, kukhalabe kutentha omasuka ku nyumba nthawizonse owona. Ndi kukula kwa tariffs chifukwa kuchepetsa mphamvu mowa mphamvu Kutentha akubwera patsogolo.

deta nyengo

Kusankha mamangidwe a mpanda, denga zimatengera makamaka zinthu nyengo m'dera yomanga. Kudziwa iwo, chonde amatchula SP131.13330.2012 "Kumanga Climatology". Mu anapezazo, miyezo zotsatirazi ntchito:

• kutentha kwa ozizira masiku asanu chitetezo 0,92 amaimira TN;
• kutentha pafupifupi ndiwo amaimira Mmodzi;
• Kutalika, anatchulidwa ZOT.

Pa chitsanzo kwa Murmansk zosintha ndi matanthauzo zotsatirazi:

• TH = -30 deg;
• Kuti = madigiri -3,4;
• ZOT = 275 masiku.

Komanso, m'pofunika mwachindunji pafupifupi kutentha mkati chipinda TV, amaonekera malinga ndi GOST 30494-2011. Nyumba akhoza kutenga TB = 20 °.

Kuchita matenthedwe mawerengedwe walling kale masamu mtengo GSOP (digiri tsiku Kutentha nyengo):
GSOP = (TB - Mmodzi) × ZOT.
Mu chitsanzo chathu GSOP = (20 - (-3.4)) X 275 = 6435.

zizindikiro Ofunika

Kusankha olondola a zipangizo kuteteza machenjerero n'kofunika kudziwa zimene matenthedwe makhalidwe iwo uyenera kukhala. Luso chinthu kuchititsa kutentha yodziwika ndi madutsidwe ake ikukhudzana amaimira Chigiriki kalata L (lambda) ndi amayezedwa W / (° mamita x.). Luso dongosolo kuti musunge kutentha amakhala ndi zake kutentha kutengerapo kukana R ndi chiŵerengero cha makulidwe ndi madutsidwe matenthedwe: R = D / l.

Ngati kapangidwe tichipeza zigawo zingapo, kukana ndi kuchita masamu aliyense wosanjikiza ndiyeno mwachidule.

Kukana kuti kusintha kutentha ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha dongosolo lakunja. Mtengo wake ayenera kupitiliza mtengo muyezo. Kuchita matenthedwe mawerengedwe a nyumba envelopu, tiyenera kudziwa chuma wolungamitsidwa zikuchokera malinga ndi denga.

matenthedwe madutsidwe

Matenthedwe ntchito kwenikweni anatsimikiza mtima madutsidwe matenthedwe. Aliyense zinthu mbiri yabwino akudutsa zasayansi maphunziro, zomwe zinachititsa kuti mtengo anatsimikiza ndi zinthu opaleshoni kuti "A" kapena "B". "B" dziko lathu ambiri a m'madera zimagwirizana ndi zinthu opaleshoni. Kuchita matenthedwe mawerengedwe walling kunyumba, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mtengo uwu. matenthedwe madutsidwe mfundo osonyezedwa chizindikiro kapena pepala deta cha chuma, koma ngati ayi, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito Buku mfundo za Code. Mfundo za zipangizo wotchuka zili m'munsimu:

• Mphamvu ya njerwa wamba - 0,81 W (mx deg.).
• Zomangamanga wa njerwa silika - 0,87 W (mx deg.).
• The mpweya ndi thovu (kachulukidwe 800) - 0,37 W (mx deg.).
• Softwood - 0,18 W (mx deg.).
• Extruded polystyrene thovu - 0,032 W (mx deg.).
• Maminolo ubweya (kachulukidwe 180) - 0.048 Watts (mx deg.).

Mtengo khalidwe la kutentha kutengerapo kukaniza

Yoyezedwa mtengo kukana matenthedwe ayenera kukhala osachepera mtengo m'munsi. Mtengo m'munsi anatsimikiza malinga Table 3 SP50.13330.2012 "matenthedwe Protection nyumba". Tebulo ndikuzindikiritsa koefishienti kuwerengera ziriri matenthedwe kukana makhalidwe a nyumba yonse chimango ndi mitundu nyumbayi. Popitiriza yapita matenthedwe mawerengedwe walling, chitsanzo cha mawerengedwe ndi motere:

• Rsten 0,00035h6435 = + 1.4 = 3.65 (m × K / W).
• Rpokr 0,0005h6435 = + 2.2 = 5.41 (m × K / W).
• Rcherd 0,00045h6435 = + 1.9 = 4.79 (m × K / W).
• Rockne 0,00005h6435 = + 0,3 = 0.62 (m × K / W).

Matenthedwe mawerengedwe kunja walling akugwirizira chifukwa chopanga zonse, kutseka "ofunda" kuzungulira - pansi pa nthaka kapena pansi tehpodpolya, makoma Link (kuphatikizapo mawindo ndi zitseko), pamodzi ❖ kuyanika kapena Chipindacho unheated chapamwamba. Komanso, mawerengedwe a ziyenela kuchitidwa kwa nyumba ya mkati, ngati kutentha akuponya zipinda moyandikana ndi oposa 8 madigiri.

Matenthedwe mawerengedwe a makoma

Ambiri mwa makoma ndi simenti a zinalengedwera Mipikisano magawo ndi sakanikira. Matenthedwe mawerengedwe walling multilayer dongosolo ili:
R = D1 / l1 + D2 / l2 + DN / Ln,
kumene N - magawo a wosanjikiza N-TH.

Ngati tikambirana khoma la njerwa pulasitala, ndiye ife tidzatenga zotsatirazi:

• wosanjikiza lakunja la pulasitala makulidwe a masentimita 3, ndi matenthedwe madutsidwe wa 0,93 W (mx deg.);
• zomangamanga corpulent dongo njerwa masentimita 64, ndi matenthedwe madutsidwe wa 0,81 W (mx deg.);
• chamkati wosanjikiza pulasitala makulidwe a 3 cm, ndi matenthedwe madutsidwe wa 0,93 W (mx deg.).

Chilinganizo kutentha zomangamanga mawerengedwe machenjerero kuteteza chiri motere:

R = 0,03 / 0,93 + 0,64 / 0,81 + 0,03 / 0,93 = 0,85 (mamita × K / W).

Mtengo analandira zayamba zosakwana poyamba kumatanthauza mtengo Buku matenthedwe kulimbikira makoma mu nyumba nyumba Murmansk 3.65 (m × K / W). Mpanda Kodi ziyeneretso zolimbana ndi ayenera kutchinjiriza. Pakuti kutchinjiriza linga ntchito mchere ubweya 150 mamilimita wakuda ndi matenthedwe madutsidwe wa 0,048 W (mx deg.).

Kutola dongosolo kutchinjiriza, muyenera kuchita kuphimba matenthedwe mawerengedwe walling. Chitsanzo cha mawerengedwe ali pansipa:

R = 0,15 / 0.048 + 0,03 / 0,93 + 0,64 / 0,81 + 0,03 / 0,93 = 3,97 (mamita × K / W).

Phindu chifukwa ndiye wamkulu kuposa Calculated m'munsi - 3.65 (m × K / W), ndi kutchinjiriza linga kukwaniritsa zofunika code.

Mawerengedwe a alipo ndi zokutira ophatikizana anachita chimodzimodzi.

Matenthedwe mawerengedwe mbewu anakumana ndi nthaka

Nthawi zambiri m'nyumba kapena nyumba za boma, mbewu ya pansi woyamba akutsatiridwa pansi. Matenthedwe kulimbikira apansi si yovomerezeka, koma ngati osachepera dongosolo pansi tisalole mame. Mawerengedwe a nyumba anakumana ndi nthaka anachita motere: m'zipinda za anawagawa m'magulu (gulu) m'lifupi mamita 2, kuyambira malire lakunja. mabacteria amenewa allocated m'dera atatu yosala chikukhudza zone wachinayi. Ngati sinabweretse kutchinjiriza ogwira mtima, kulimbikira matenthedwe a mbali zotsatirazi akutengedwa pomanga pansi:

• Zone 1 - 2.1 (m × K / W);
• Zone 2 - 4.3 (m × K / W);
• Zone 3 - 8.6 (m × K / W);
• Zone 4 - 14.3 (m × K / W).

N'zosavuta kuona kuti gawo yaitali pansi khoma lakunja wamkulu kulimbikira kuti kusintha kutentha. Nthawi zambiri okha kwanyengo ya pansi kukafika kutsogolo. Choncho kukana ku dera kutentha kutengerapo anawonjezera kukana kutenthetsa dongosolo lotsekedwa.
kutentha kutengerapo kulimbikira pansi ayenera kukhala mbali ya mawerengedwe a okwana matenthedwe mawerengedwe walling. Pansi mawerengedwe Mwachitsanzo pansi ndi zafotokozedwa pansipa. Kuganiza pansi m'dera 10 x 10 wofanana 100 m.

• Zone 1 m'dera adzakhala 64 m.
• M'dera la zone 2 adzakhala 32 m.
• Area 3 m'dera adzakhala 4 m.

Avereji kukana kufunika kutentha kutengerapo pansi pa nthaka:
Rpola = 100 / (64 / 2.1 + 32 / 4.3 + 4 / 8.6) = 2.6 (m × K / W).

Atamaliza kukafika kutsogolo kwa pansi kutchinjiriza EPS slab makulidwe 5 cm lamizeremizere m'lifupi mwake 1 mita timapeza phindu pafupifupi kukaniza matenthedwe:

Rpola = 100 / (32 / 2,1 + 32 / (2,1 + 0,05 / 0,032) + 32 / 4,3 + 4 / 8,6) = 4,09 (mamita × K / W).

Nkofunika kudziwa kuti m'njira imeneyi masamu osati apansi, komanso kumanga mpanda pokhudzana ndi nthaka (khoma recessed apansi, ofunda chapansi).

zitseko matenthedwe mawerengedwe

Chinachake mosiyana masamu mtengo m'munsi mwa kukana matenthedwe a zitseko pakhomo. Pakuti mawerengedwe ake adzafunika choyamba kuwerengera kukana matenthedwe makoma a ukhondo-ukhondo muyezo (nevypadeniyu mame):
PST = (Te - TS) / (× af DST).

Pali DST - kutentha kusiyana pakati pa khoma pamwamba mkati ndi kutentha mpweya mu chipinda anatsimikiza ndi malamulo ndi nyumba anali 4.0.
af - kutentha kutengerapo koyefishienti wa mumtima khoma padziko PO ndi 8.7.
Mtengo m'munsi akutengedwa 0,6hRst zitseko ofanana.

Chitseko kapangidwe osankhidwa chofunika kuchita kuphimba matenthedwe mawerengedwe walling. Yowerengera Chitsanzo khomo:

WFD = 0,6 × (20 - (- 30)) / (4 × 8.7) = 0.86 (m × K / W).

Khalidwe limeneli Calculated zizigwirizana ndi chitseko, insulated mchere ubweya masentimita 5 wandiweyani. kutentha kwake kutengerapo kukana kukhala R = 0,05 / 0,048 = 1,04 (m × K / W), amene ali wamkulu kuposa masamu.

amafuna zovuta

Asayansi makoma, kudenga kapena ❖ kuyanika zimagwiridwa kufufuza malamulo mchitidwe wanzeru. Rulebook anapezanso chofunika wathunthu wa khalidwe la kutchinjiriza kuteteza mapangidwe ambiri. mtengo uwu umatchedwa "enieni kutentha kutetezedwa makhalidwe." Popanda yachinsinsi sachita chilichonse matenthedwe mawerengedwe walling. Chitsanzo cha mawerengedwe a SP wapatsidwa pansipa.

Chisononkho = 88.77 / 250 = 0.35, amene ali zosakwana mtengo oveteredwa wa 0,52. Pankhaniyi, malo ndi buku anatengedwa Nyumba miyeso 10 × 10 × 2.5 mamita kutentha kukana -. Wofanana mayunitsi m'munsi.

Yoyezedwa mtengo anatsimikiza mogwirizana ndi ankapitabe olowa, malingana ndi buku la nyumba mkangano.

Kuwonjezera zofunika mabuku kwa kukafola mwa zikalata mphamvu komanso kutumikira matenthedwe mawerengedwe walling, chitsanzo cha kulembetsa pasipoti amaperekedwa mu alumikiza kuti SP50.13330.2012.

pachilichonse koyefishienti

kuwerengetsera onse pamwamba zimagwira ntchito kwa nyumba homogeneous. Amene amachita ali osowa ndithu. Chifukwa cha heterogeneity kuchepetsa matenthedwe kukana umayamba thermotechnical homogeneity kudzudzulidwa koyefishienti - r Mukhoza. Pamafunika nkhani kusintha mu kukana matenthedwe anayambitsa mwa zenera ndi khomo mipata, angelo zakunja sakanikira inclusions (mwachitsanzo milatho, matabwa, ikuthandizira malamba), milatho ozizira ndi zina zotero.

Kuwerengetsa Chinthu ichi ndi zovuta ndithu, zimenezo chosavuta akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo chochokera kwa mabuku. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa njerwa - 0,9, sangweji mapanelo - 0,7.

kutchinjiriza ogwira

Kusankha kwanu kutchinjiriza dongosolo, titha kuona kuti kukwaniritsa zofuna za makono chitetezo matenthedwe popanda kutchinjiriza ogwira kuli kovuta. Choncho, ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito miyambo njerwa dongo, zomangamanga ayenera mamita angapo wandiweyani, amene si chuma zotheka. Komabe, otsika matenthedwe madutsidwe wa kutchinjiriza amakono potengera polystyrene kapena thanthwe ubweya amatilola asagwiritse thicknesses wa 10-20 cm.

Mwachitsanzo, kuti akafike pa mtengo m'munsi mwa kukana matenthedwe wa 3.65 (m × K / W) chofunika:

• njerwa khoma makulidwe a 3 mamita;
• zomangamanga midadada konkire 1.4 mamita;
• mchere ubweya kutchinjiriza wa 0,18 m.