Mbiri ya Paustovsky Konstantin Georgievich. Zakale za Mabuku a Chirasha

Tili ndi ntchito ya Paustovsky, tikuphunzirabe kusukulu. Ndikufuna ngakhale tsopano kuti ndilowe mu biography ya munthu wodabwitsa uyu ndi waluso. Mbali ya izo akufotokozedwa kwa iwo mu autobiographical trilogy "Nkhani ya Moyo". Kawirikawiri, ntchito zonse za Paustovsky zimachokera pa zochitika pamoyo wake ndi zomwe akudziwa, choncho, kuziwerenga, mumadziŵa zambiri zowona. Tsogolo lake silinali lophweka, ngati nzika iliyonse ya nthawi yovuta ndi yotsutsana. Koposa zonse, Konstantin Paustovsky amalemekezedwa monga wolemba nkhani zambiri za ana ndi kusinthira.

Zithunzi

Biography Paustovsky inayamba pa May 31, 1892, pamene wolemba mtsogolo anabadwira. Iye anabadwira ku Moscow, m'banja la owerengetsera masitima a sitimayo Georgy Maximovich Paustovsky. Dzina la mayi anga anali Maria Grigoryevna Paustovskaya. Abambo ake abwera kwa banja lakale la Cossack hetman PK Sagaidachny. Agogo ake aakazi anali Cossack chumak, yemwe adalimbikitsa chikondi cha mdzukulu wake ndi chikhalidwe chake. Agogo ake anamenyedwa m'Chisipanishi-Turkish, anali atatengedwa kupita ku ukapolo, kumene anabwerera ndi mkazi wake, Turkey Fatima, yemwe anabatizidwa ku Russia dzina lake Honorata. Choncho, m'mitsempha ya wolembayo akuyenda Chiyukireniya-Cossack, ndi magazi a Turkey.

Moyo ndi ntchito

Pafupifupi ubwana wake wonse ankakhala ku Ukraine, ndipo mu 1898 banja lake lonse linasamukira kumeneko. Paustovsky nthawi zonse ankathokoza chifukwa cha kukula kwake ku Ukraine, ndipo iye anakhala kwa iye wowala kwambiri amene wolembayo sanalekanitse.

Banja la Paustovsky linali ndi ana anayi. Bambo ake atachoka, Constantine anakakamizika kuchoka kusukulu, chifukwa ankafunikira kuthandiza amayi ake.

Komanso mbiri ya Paustovsky imasonyeza kuti adakali ndi maphunziro, ataphunzira ku kalasi ya masewera olimbitsa thupi a Kiev. Kenaka mumzinda womwewo, adalowa ku yunivesite ku Faculty History and Philology. Patapita nthawi adasamukira ku yunivesite ya Moscow ndipo anaphunzira kumeneko ku Faculty of Law, potsiriza maphunziro ake. Koma nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse inayamba.

Paustovsky: nkhani

Ntchito yake imayamba ndi nkhani "Pamadzi", kenako idzafalitsidwa mu magazini ya Kiev "Ogni". Panthawi ya nkhondo, Paustovsky anali ndi ufulu wosaloŵa nawo, monga momwe abale awiri achikulire anali atamenyera kale. Kotero iye anakhalabe kugwira ntchito kumbuyo ndipo anakhala mtsogoleri pa tram, ndiye wodwala kuchipatala cha asilikali, chimene anadutsa ku Belarus ndi Poland mu 1915.

Pambuyo pa kusinthika kwa 1917, adayamba ntchito ya mlembi wa asilikali. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, nkhondo yapachiweniweni imayamba, ndipo wolembayo ndiye woyamba mwa Petlyuraite, koma amapita kumbali ya Red Army.

Nkhondo itatha, Konstantin Paustovsky akupita kumwera kwa Russia. Kwa kanthawi amakhala ku Odessa, akugwira ntchito m'nyuzipepala ya "Sailor". Kumeneko amakumana ndi olemba odziwika bwino monga ine. Babel, S. Slavin, I. Ilf. Amagwiritsa ntchito mafakitale ku Taganrog, Ekaterinoslav, Yuzovsk. Ndipo pa nthawi yomweyi akulemba buku lake loyamba la "Romantics", lomwe, lidzasindikizidwa mu 1930 okha.

Kenaka amasamukira ku Caucasus ndipo amakhala ku Sukhumi, Batumi, Baku, Tbilisi ndi Yerevan. Mu 1923, iye ali kale ku Moscow, komwe amachitanidwa ndi mkonzi wa ROSTA. Ntchito za Paustovsky ziyamba kufalitsidwa kwambiri.

Mu 1928 iye adafalitsa ntchito yake "Counter-ships". Mu 30's Paustovsky mwakhama lofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala "Pravda" ndi m'magazini ena.

Paustovsky: nkhani

Koma adzapitiriza ulendo wake ndikuyenda kuzungulira dziko kudzawonetsera moyo wake m'ntchito zake, zomwe zimadzitamanda monga wolemba.

Mu 1931, nkhani yotchuka yakuti "Kara-Bugaz", imene Paustovsky analemba, imafalitsidwa. Nkhani imodzi ndi imodzi imayamba kutuluka pansi pa cholembera chake. Ili ndilo "Mapeto a Charles Lonsewil," ndi "Colchis," ndi "Black Sea," ndi "Northern Narrative," etc. Iye adzalembanso ntchito zina zambiri za Meshchersky Krai ndi nkhani "Constellation ya Beagle Dogs," "Orest ya Kiprensky "," Taras Shevchenko "," Isaak Levitan "ndi ena.

Pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse iye amagwira ntchito ngati msilikali wa usilikali. Atamaliza maphunziro ake akuyenda pakati pa Moscow ndi Tarus (dera la Kaluga). Amapatsidwa Chigamulo cha Red Banner of Labor ndi Lamulo la Lenin. M'zaka za m'ma 50, iye anapita ku Ulaya.

Paustovsky anamwalira ku Moscow mu 1968, pa July 14. Komabe, anaikidwa m'manda ku Tarusa.

Moyo waumwini wa wolemba

Ndi mkazi wake woyamba Konstantin Paustovsky anakumana ku Crimea, ndipo dzina lake anali Ekaterina Stepanovna Gorodtsova. Iwo anakwatira mu 1916. Iwo anali ndi mwana wamwamuna, Vadim, koma patatha zaka makumi awiri awiri banja lawo linatha.

Mkazi wake wachiwiri, Valishevskaya-Navashina Valeria Vladimirovna, anali mlongo wa wojambula wotchuka wa ku Poland. Iwo ankasewera ukwati kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 30, koma patatha nthawi yaitali panali chisudzulo.

Biography Paustovsky amasonyeza kuti anali ndi mkazi wachitatu - wotchuka wachitsikana wotchuka dzina lake Tatiana Alekseevna Evteeva-Arbuzova, yemwe anam'patsa mwana wake Alexei.

Zolemba za wolemba

Mawu alionse okhudza chinenero cha wolemba Paustovsky amasonyeza kuti iye anali mbuye wamkulu wa mawu a Chirasha, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe iye akanakhoza "kujambula" malo okongola. Kotero, anaphunzitsa ana chikondi cha chirengedwe ndi kuwaphunzitsa kuona zinthu zokongola zomwe zikuwazungulira. Konstantin Paustovsky inalimbikitsanso kwambiri chitukuko cha Soviet prose.

Kwa nkhani "Telegram", nyenyezi ya mafilimu Marlene Dietrich anagwada pamaso pace ndi kumpsompsona dzanja lake. Iye adasankhidwa kuti apatsidwe mphoto ya Nobel, yomwe pamapeto pake inalandira Sholokhov.

Zokondweretsa kwambiri ndizo zomwe Paustovsky ananena zokhudza Chirasha, kumene, ponena kuti, munthu angathe kuweruza molondola chilankhulo cha munthu osati chikhalidwe chake, komanso amadziwonekera bwino. Ndizosatheka kuti musagwirizane ndi chidziwitso chake, momwe adanena kuti palibe chilichonse m'moyo mwathu chomwe sichikanakhoza kufotokozedwa mu Chirasha. Ndipo apa iye akulondola: kwenikweni, Russian ndilo chinenero cholemera kwambiri pa dziko lapansi.

Memory of descendants

Paustovsky's biography ndikuti anali ndi udindo wapadera poyerekezera ndi akuluakulu, koma sanapite nthawi kumisasa ndi ndende, m'malo mwake, boma linamupatsa mphoto.

Kulemekeza kukumbukira kwa wolemba dzina lake kunali laibulale ya 2 ku Odessa, ndipo mu mzinda womwewo mu 2010 iye anatsegulidwa chikumbutso choyamba. Mu 2012, pa Aigupto 24, mwambo wina unakhazikitsidwa ku Tarusa, m'mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Oka, komwe umasonyezedwa pamodzi ndi galu wake wokondedwa, Grozny wotchedwanso dzina lake. Dzina la wolembayo dzina lake m'misewu ya mizinda monga Moscow, Odessa, Kiev, Tarus, Taganrog, Rostov-on-Don, Dnepropetrovsk.

Mu 1958 iye adafalitsa mabuku ake asanu ndi limodzi a ntchito ndi makope 225,000.