Mitundu ndi mitundu kulankhulana: zitsanzo. Communication ngati njira kulankhulana

Communication monga mtundu kulankhulana kumafuna nzeru zambiri, maganizo, makhalidwe ndi maganizo. Mawu amenewa ali mizu Latin. Kwenikweni anawamasulira, mfundo kulankhulana amatanthauza "ambiri", "alinso ndi zonse". Nzeru zambiri zikubweretsa kumvana zofunika kukwaniritsa cholinga ichi. Kenaka ganizirani peculiarities kulankhulana bungwe.

makhalidwe General

M'lingaliro yotakata, kulankhulana mfundo yogwirizana ndi kukhazikitsa kusintha, chikoka cha ntchito kukwaniritsa chitukuko kampani. M'njira yopapatiza, cholinga chake - kukwaniritsa zolondola pa dziko khamu anam'tumizira uthenga. Njira mitundu kulankhulana ndi yosiyanasiyana. Pamodzi kupanga dongosolo m'malo ovuta ndi Mipikisano magawo.

gulu la aya

Iwo ikuchitika malinga ndi muyezo osiyana. Mitundu kulankhulana kusiyana ndi zikuchokera ophunzira. Zingakhale misa, gulu ndi lotha. Mitundu kulankhulana malingana likuchita:

1. Njira poyambitsa ndi kupitiriza kukhudzana. Malinga ndi muyezo ichi ndi mwachindunji (yomweyo) ndi akumidzi (mozungulira) kulankhulana.
2. Initiative ophunzira. Pa mfundo imeneyi kusiyanitsa mogwirizana chabe ndi akuchitachita.
3. Mlingo wa gulu la kuwombola zambiri. muyezo Izi zimathandiza kuonetsetsa m'bungwe ndi wamba kulankhulana.
4. Lowani machitidwe ntchito. Pa maziko akutali sanali wapakamwa ndi kunyozedwa zimachitika izi.

Komanso, pali njira zolankhulirana. mogwirizana amatenga mawonekedwe a zokambirana, zokambirana, briefings, misonkhano, misonkhano, kukambirana, malonda m'makalata, phwando pa mafunso linalake, atolankhani, foni, ulaliki ndi zina zotero.

Lotha kufotokoza zambiri

Chikhalidwe kulankhulana bwino mtundu uwu ndi Kulenga kwa ophunzira okwana chowonadi ndi kuti zimene sitingathe kutenga malo konse. chiyembekezo ichi akutchulidwa ndi ofufuza kusinthitsa contractual mbali. Mitundu yaikulu ya kulankhulana ndi magawo awo ntchito atsimikiziridwa anthu. Monga anthu kiyi ndi zinchito, angalimbikitsire ndi chidziwitso zizindikiro. Last zikuphatikizapo makhalidwe osiyanasiyana, amene aumbike mwa lamkati adzadziwire dziko pa yosungirako izo chidziwitso zinachitikira. Izi, makamaka, chidziwitso cha zizindikiro kulankhula, kudzikonda kuzindikira, kudziletsa kuonerera, luso metacommunicative, luso mokwanira kuwunika kuthekera okondedwa. Makhalidwe amenewa Akunenanso tsankho ndi nthano, zikhulupiriro ndi olakwika.

Angalimbikitsire chizindikiro anatsimikiza zosowa za anthu. Ngati iwo sali, ndiye moyenera, palibe mogwirizana kapena alipo psevdokommunikatsiya. Mbali zinchito zikuphatikizapo makhalidwe atatu. Iwo kudziwa zanchito munthu. makhalidwe amenewa ndi nzeru yeniyeni ya zipangizo wapakamwa ndipo popanda mawu n'komwe kulankhulana, luso kumanga nkhani malinga ndi malamulo amakhalidwe abwino ndi malamulo malamulo.

mogwirizana gulu

Vutolo limachitika pakapita kulankhulana mwachindunji ochepa anthu amene kudziwana bwino ina, zonse kupatsana zambiri. M'munsi malire a kulankhulana nthawi zambiri dyad kapena wa ku. Nkhani yoyamba ndi yokhudza zimene zimachitika pakati pa awiri, ndipo chachiwiri - anthu atatu. Malire chapamwamba kudzadalira chikhalidwe cha gululo. mitundu yonse ya kulankhulana gulu ena kuposa nkhani, ndi kukhazikitsa ntchito zina. Mwachitsanzo, pamene ankachita anapanga chilolezo anapereka kanthu united, akufotokozera chikhalidwe.

zopezera

Mu gulu laling'ono, zosiyanasiyana zambiri mwiniwakeyo pa machitidwe kulankhulana. Iwo akhoza kukhala centralized kapena decentralized. Mbali yoyamba, nkhani zimafala owazungulira zofunika gululo. Intaneti centralized anawagawa:

1. Front. Mu dongosolo chotero, ophunzira mu kukhudzana, koma mkati pamaso pa wina ndi mzake.
2. Zozungulira. Mu dongosolo, zambiri imafalikira kudzera mamembala chapakati cha phunziro gulu.
3. Masanjidwe. nyumba Mbalizi m'njira ziwiri kapena zambiri gulu subordination.

Mu Intaneti decentralized, mamembala a gulu ofanana. Aliyense angalandire, ndondomeko ndi kupereka deta mwachindunji kulankhulana ndi mabungwe ena. Chotero dongosolo akhoza kukhala mu mawonekedwe a:

1. Unyolo. Monga mbali ya zambiri dongosolo anagawira sequentially kwa ophunzira ophunzira.
2. Circle. Mu dongosolo ili, anthu onse a gulu ali ndi mwayi wofanana. Information motero akhoza zimafala umasinthasintha pakati pa zipani, kusinthidwa, wodzilemekeza.

A dongosolo decentralized kuwombola deta akhoza kukhala wangwiro. Pankhaniyi, zopinga kuti ufulu mogwirizana kwina.

kulunjika

Kusankha Intaneti iyi kapena wina kudzadalira mawonekedwe a kulumikizana, zolinga deta kuwombola. Pa machitidwe centralized kuti m'pofunika kusamutsa mfundo imene mauthenga ayenera Zikuvumbulutsidwa kwa anthu onse kugwirizanitsa gulu gulu yotithandiza kakulidwe ka utsogoleri. Pakadali pano, ndi Dziwani kuti mu chimango Intaneti centralized Zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kukhazikitsa ntchito yolenga ndi zovuta. Kugwiritsira ntchito kawirikawiri kachitidwe akhoza kuchepetsa mabungwe amasangalala nawo gululo. Kuti athetse kulenga ndi mavuto kuchita, Intaneti decentralized ntchito. Zimathandizanso kuti kuwonjezeka ophunzira kukhuta, chitukuko ubale lotha.

Kusinthana kwa mudziwe mu bungwe

The ndondomeko ya zimachitika mu kampani akhoza kugawidwa mu anakonza (ofunda) kufalitsa mauthenga ndi deta mwamwayi (sanali inakonzedwa). Mbali yoyamba mitundu muyezo (mosiyanasiyana). Communication Pankhaniyi patenga nthawi zochepa. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira muyezo ali ndi ubwino kwa olandila mfundo. Makamaka, nkhani akhoza kukhazikitsa gulu la mudziwe chimene chili chofunika kwa iye ntchito yake. Monga sangathe kiyi wa mtundu ngati kulankhulana akutumikira kupanda kusinthasintha.

mogwirizana mwamwayi

Nthawi zambiri, nkhani pa TV mozungulira imafalikira pa lalitali kwambiri liwiro. Mwamwayi kulankhulana maukonde umatchedwanso mphekesera kafalitsidwe njira. Pa nthawi yomweyo chidaliro cha ophunzira mu zimachitika kuti magwero wamwamwayi zambiri kuposa chovomerezeka ndi boma.

Minda ya kuwombola deta

njira Communication akhoza kugawidwa mu magulu awiri akuluakulu: mkati ndi kunja. Nkhani yoyamba ndi yokhudza zimene zimachitika mkati kumalo a ntchito. kulankhulana kunja ndi dongosolo kulankhulana kapangidwe ndi mabungwe kunja. Ndipo mmenemo, ndi dera lina angagwiritsidwe ntchito mwa njira zosiyanasiyana kulankhulana.

The akulowera ya nkhani

Pa mfundo imeneyi kuyankhulana lagawidwa ofukula ndi yopingasa. Zoyambazo nawonso, monga deta kumtunda ndipo pambuyo pake. Zikatero, otaya nkhani anasamuka ku mlingo wina ndi mzake, m'munsi. Mwachitsanzo zikhonza kukhala mogwirizana ndi mutu wa atumiki. Pedigree kufala malangizo mudziwe ntchito kupereka mayankho ogwira ntchito ndi bwana. njira zimenezi kulankhulana ntchito kusintha ntchito kwa atumiki dziwitsani Ngopambana pa zotsatira ndi mavuto enieni. Yopingasa malangizo ikukhudza mogwirizana kwa ophunzira udindo ofanana ndi magulu ofanana.

Kusinthanitsa ikuluikulu ya nkhani

Iwo ikuchitika mwa ukadaulo. Information pa chivundikiro izi omwazika ndi ambiri omvera. aya Misa yodziwika monga:

1. Social tanthauzo la nkhani.
2. Kutheka chisankho Mipikisano njira zolankhulirana.

Gulu zimachitika izi si anthu ndi mabungwe losonkhanitsidwa. Mwachitsanzo, kungakhale asilikali, anthu, boma. Kufunika chikhalidwe cha kuwombola uthenga malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni ndi chiyembekezo pagulu.

Anachita misa, makamaka masiku ano, yodziwika multipathing. Makamaka ntchito Makutu, zithunzi, zomvetsera-zithunzi, olembedwa, mitundu m'kamwa kulankhulana. Sender deta akutumikira bungwe chikhalidwe kapena nkhani mythologized. Iwo amachita olandira zikhudze magulu amene amaphatikizidwa pa zingapo zochititsa chikhalidwe kwambiri.

misa mogwirizana ntchito

Kuonetsetsa ntchito zotsatirazi kulankhulana:

1. Information. Mbali imeneyi ndi kupereka omvera misa, kum'patsa wowerenga-tsiku deta pa minda zosiyanasiyana za ntchito.
2. Zolimbana. Misa kulankhulana ndi mbali yaikulu pa mapangidwe ndi maganizo a anthu ndi magulu, maganizo a anthu, chilengedwe cha olakwika. Timatha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino khalidwe chikhalidwe. Anthu zambiri kutenga malangizo amenewa koyenela, mfundo mfundo zimene ankalimbikitsa pa TV ngati stereotype zabwino kalembedwe zovala, moyo, kulankhulana ndi zina zotero. Izi zinachitikira socialization anthu mogwirizana ndi miyezo, lopatsidwa zokonda Panthawi imeneyi.
3. Cultural view. Mbali imeneyi imaphatikizapo familiarizing anthu ndi kupambana ndi luso ndi chikhalidwe. Imalimbikitsa kuzunza kufunika kupitiriza kwa mfundo ndi kuteteza miyambo.

QMS

Mu mawailesi ntchito zipangizo zapadera kuti ndi TV ndipo transmitters, imene mfundo anafalikira dera lalikulu. kachitidwe kamakono zikuphatikizapo mayunitsi angapo. Makamaka, QMS zikuphatikizapo media, luso mfundo ndi kutumiza mauthenga. Woyamba zikuphatikizapo atolankhani, njira audiovisual (wailesi, teletext ndi zina zotero.), Misonkhano Information. Media tichipeza hardware fixation, kubereka, kukopera, yosungirako deta, komanso okhazikika, zokhudza zonse kufalitsa mabuku lalikulu nyimbo, mawu, mfundo wophiphiritsa.