Mitundu ya yokonza. Kukonza ndi kukonza zida

Yokonza - mitundu ya ntchito ikuchitika mu imeneyi pakati pa zinakonzedwa ndi posakonzekera kukonza zida kupanga. Goal - zimatsimikizira wodalirika komanso mosalekeza opaleshoni. Panthawi yake yokonza ndi ntchito yolondola kwambiri kuchepetsa ndalama kukonza kukhonda downtime.

kukonza Ntchito

Tikhoza kunena kuti kukonza ndi zoopsa njira kanthu, amene n'kofunika kuonetsetsa ntchito yopitirira ya zida kupanga ndi makina mu intervals nthawi pakati pa ndandanda kukonza mwai. Kumafuna chisamaliro ndi kuyang'aniridwa pa ntchito makina, kukonza awo bwinobwino, anayendera anakonza, kukonza, kuchapa, kusintha potero adayeretsa ndi zipangizo zina kukonzedwa.

Mitundu ina ya yokonza angathe kuchitidwa mwachindunji ndi zipangizo ikugwira ntchito chiphwanya ndi azisangalalo. Ndi zilolezo yoyenera mu malangizo opaleshoni kwa makina ndi zipangizo zotheka yochepa unplugging kuti kuletsa zonse. Zikatero, ena angakhale osavuta, koma osati pakamwa kupanga ndi njira zamakono.

zikalata zolimbana

State mfundo zoyendetsera ntchito kachitidwe yokonza ndi kukonza zida, 18322-78 ndi "kukonza ndi kukonza Terms zida. Ndi matanthauzo" ndi 28.001-83 "kukonza ndi kukonza zida. Chakudya chachikulu." Ndi mfundo chimatanthauza gulu ndi mitundu ya yokonza zipangizo zamagetsi.

Gulu la mitundu ya yokonza

Magawo a ntchito kukonzedwa ndi kukonza anawagawa:

• KUTI pa yosungirako.
• Ndiye pamene ikuyenda.
• Ndiye ntchito.
• Ndiye choyembekezera.

Malinga pafupipafupi:

• Nthawi imeneyo.
• Nyengo Moti.

zinthu opaleshoni:

• KUTI mu zochitika zapadera.

Zonse ntchitoyo:

• utumiki malamulo.
• Zodziwitsa polojekiti.
• Zonse polojekiti.
• Mu mzere utumiki.
• Centralized yokonza.
• utumiki Decentralized.

Malinga ndi bungwe la ntchito:

• Ogwira ntchito.
• KUTI ogwira apadera.
• A woyendetsa.
• Bungwe lapadera.
• KUTI Mlengi.

njira yokonza:

• Mzere njira Moti.
• Centralized njira Moti.
• The njira decentralized wa Moti.

Malinga ndi wamkulu wa bungwe:

• ogwira ntchito,
• ogwira apadera,
• ndi opaleshoni bungwe,
• apadera bungwe,
• Mlengi.

mfundo yolekanitsa "panopa" ndi utumiki "anakonza"

Kupewa vuto la zimango mabizinezi funso la amene ayenera kuchita yokonza makina ndipo makinawa, zidzasankhidwa maganizo "lenileni" ndi "yokonzedweratu" KUTI. Kumlingo amaphatikizapo mosalekeza polojekiti zipangizo, ndi yochepa amasiya, kapena popanda izo. Komano, yosiyanasiyana kukonza akulowa dongosolo yokonza ndi kukonza kapena inakonzedwa yokonza azima monga mchitidwe dongosolo kapena kukhala chochitika wapakatikati.

mkazi wakeyo

zosiyanasiyanazo yokonza zimagwiridwa kupanga mwini malo kapena malo ogwirira ogwira ndipo zikuphatikiza paola ndi motsatana ndi ulamuliro wa zida, kufufuza, kumupaka, etc. Kumbali ya chiwerengero cha mayunitsi ndodo m'pomveka ndipo ndiyanzeru, popeza palibe kuchuluka akatswiri kukonza utumiki. Komano, njira yotero amalola panopa woyendetsa patsogolo chidziwitso cha mfundo opaleshoni ndi luso zida mafakitale chipangizo.

Monga ulamuliro, zida panopa yokonza si malamulo, ndipo kumaphatikizapo:

• kuphedwa molondola onse malamulo zikugwira ntchito kuti chinanena ndi zolembedwa luso Mlengi;
• lamulo lakuti makamaka akafuna zida ndi kuteteza overloads;
• kusunga kutentha;
• okhwima periodicity wa lubricant ku malo kumene chofunika zolembedwa luso ;
• kuyan'anila boma zoti wa asilikali ndi misonkhano ndi kuyendera masomphenya;
• mwamsanga disconnection zida zamagetsi vuto la mwadzidzidzi.

kukonza zokonzedwa

Anakonza yokonza ndi wozengereza kukonza zofunika akutsatiridwa ndi oyenerera, ophunzitsidwa mwapadera ogwira adalira yokonza. Monga ulamuliro, anakonza ntchito voluminous kuposa utumiki pano, ndipo mwina ntchito ya pa dismantling mayunitsi lonse la makina ndipo makinawa. N'chifukwa chake kufunika ophunzira akatswiri-zimango.

kukonza nthawi ndi kukonza ndi malamulo ntchitoyi. Pamafunikanso:

• onani magawo ntchito chipangizo cha;
• kusintha ndi lamulo la makhalidwe m'zambiri;
• woyera yatsekera zida mbali ndi njira ntchito;
• m'malo a Zosefera ndi mafuta;
• kudziwika kuyan'anila ndi kulephera kwa zipangizo.

Information za kusintha zimagwirira pansi serviced KUTI mokakamiza atathana: mu mapu kafukufuku, kukonza mitengo, mu Nawonso achichepere computer, etc.

bwino kutsimikiziridwa makadi luso kukonza oloŵa m'malo, ndi lubricant mfundo pa mowa chuma, pamene anachita mkazi wakeyo kapena mosalekeza. Mothandizidwa okonza awo msanga kuphunzira zambiri pa pafupipafupi ndi mndandanda wa ntchito zofunikira.

Chifukwa mitundu ina ya kukonza ndi kukonza sizionekaoneka utsogoleri, ndi zikalata waukulu amakonzedwa mu chimango cha dongosolo limodzi. Makamaka kwa mtundu winawake zida mafakitale mndandanda yakeyake ntchito chofunika. Pakuti mayiko pazipita, zida kampani ali m'magulu kuti magawowa chitukuko cha njira chifuniro cha iwo.

Ochiritsira zida kulekana

The gulu loyamba imagwiridwa malinga ndi udindo zida ambiri ngati gawo la makampani zofunika zida:

• luso;
• magetsi;
• akuchitira ndi ena.

Ndi zina ogaŵikana subgroups khamu zida luso lopanga, ndilo chidwi kwambiri ndi kukonza brigade:

• kudula zida;
• Kulipira zida;
• akuponya zida;
• kupala matabwa makina, etc.

Mkati mitundu ya zida ndi zosavuta kusankha zinthu ndi makhalidwe a ntchito yokonza, komanso mitundu ina ya yokonza.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya magulu a zida

Mndandanda wa ntchito kwa zida makina zikuphatikizapo:

• kuvala mbali ziyenera mikangano;
• kumanga ndi yolusa ndi tensioning zinthu;
• poona zipangizo chitetezo ndi clamps;
• kudziwa phokoso ndi kugwedera;
• kulamulira mwa kundipatsako kwa coolants ndi mafuta, ndi zina zotero.

Zinthu zina m'gulu yokonza zokonzetsera kulipira, kupala matabwa, zida foundry, kupatulapo makhalidwe enieni a ntchito ndi chipangizo.

kukonza ndi kukonza dongosolo

Ntchito yaikulu ya kachitidwe makina omwe amachitika osiyanasiyana Moti ndi kuchepetsa ndalama za nkhaniyi, bajeti kampani ndiponso kuchuluka kwa m'kalasi kudalirika kwa makina ndipo makinawa, omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa kupanga ndi, chotero, kukula ndalama.

Pankhani ya ntchito kukonza amasintha zoyenera kuchepetsa osati imfa komanso pafupipafupi ntchito okha (kaya mtundu ndi buku). Yabwino chiwembu anafuna ndi mabizinesi - kusiyiratu wathunthu wa kukonza mwadzidzidzi, zomwe n'kogwiritsa stoppages unscheduled kupanga.

Komanso, ntchito ndi kukonzanso, makamaka pogwira mpandawo, ikuchitika pansi zikhalidwe za ena njakata. Ngakhale imachitika kuwunika zida avale mafakitale ndi zaka zambiri sangathe kudziwa azisiya ndi mwachindunji osiyanasiyana mbali watsopano zida. Koma kachitidwe conveyor ikukhudza yogawa yeniyeni mfundo zofunika, zomwe ukafunidwe kwa nyumba yosungiramo katundu kuti dongosolo linalake.

Kodi kukonza ndi kukonza dongosolo

kukonza ndi kukonza dongosolo - kuipidwa akatswiri inakula, zothandizira luso, malipoti zotsatira zizimva zolembedwa. Onse ayenera kukhala boma kabwino ka zipangizo mafakitale, ena alendo.

makampani onse m'dziko ntchito mfundo imodzi ogwira ntchito zachilengedwe ndi makina mu mkhalidwe ntchito mosalekeza, limene mbali ndi ntchito wovomerezeka mwalamulo kuteteza dongosolo yokonza (ERP).

dongosolo lino lonse zochita gulu ndi luso ikuchitika momwe munakonzera, umalimbana polojekiti ndi kuwonetsetsa udindo opaleshoni ya makina kupezeka pa kampani bwino pepala ndi njira. Chotero dongosolo ntchito mu moyo wa zida phunziro kwa mwachindunji ndi mode wopanga ndi zinthu opaleshoni. Kukwaniritsidwa yeniyeni zofunika zonse ndi zovomelezeka kwa malangizo zikugwira ntchito lofunika.

dongosolo la ntchito njira yokonza zachokera kukhazikitsa munakonza chiphasochi nthawi, kuwunika udindo wa zida zikuluzikulu ndipo ali khalidwe la muyeso asachite. Choncho, ya miyeso kuonetsetsa yokonza makina kwambiri ntchito ndi asilikali, amachitidwa pa anayamba ndandanda mwezi ndi chaka chilichonse. Otsiriza chigawo mu mawerengedwe a inadmissibility ndi kupewa kulephera mwadzidzidzi zipangizo mafakitale, ndiko kuti, potengera kuchepetsa ndalama zina.

Kupereka yokonza ndi kukonza dongosolo

Kukhazikitsa dongosolo la yokonza njira kupanga operekedwa ndi:

• chuma chokwanira ndi luso m'munsi ndi kukhala pafupipafupi zina za ntchito yokonza, deadlines;
• kukhazikitsa wodzala ndi mndandanda wa ntchito yokonza kuonetsetsa opareshoni mosalekeza makina ndi zipangizo;
• kwa yayifupi zotheka nthawi ya ulendo wa wolakwika zida kukonza (makamaka likulu).

Kuphedwa kwa ntchito

Malinga ndi gulu komanso kufunika zipangizo zamakono, komanso mtendere wa njira opangidwa ndi chitetezo cha anthu ogwira ntchito, mitundu ina ya mpandawo akhoza ikuchitika monga kukonza chikhalidwe wolakwika luso, malamulo (inakonzedwa) yokonza, kukonza vyrabotannou yayitali kapena osakaniza zace.

Yokonza zipangizo mafakitale amaloledwa kuchita mphamvu ya mabizinezi-eni amene mwachindunji ntchito, komanso magulu apadera opanga ndi masitolo kukonza. Zofunika wa matchati gulu lililonse mbewu anayikidwa malingana ndi kupezeka kwa nkhokwe yake, zipangizo, chiyeneretso cha anthu ogwira ntchito yokonza ndi solvency ndalama. Koma aliyense ogwira mafakitale mwina, nzeru zake yekha kupereka mmalo njira iliyonse ndi maonekedwe a BPD, pazipita adzakhala cholinga cha ulimi.

mawu a

Mitundu ndi nthawi yokonza adzakhala masamu masiku kapena miyezi, ndi izo zimatengera zovuta ndi mtundu zida mafakitale. Choncho, mwachitsanzo, kuwerengetsera kwa samatha wa anagubuduza katundu (dizilo, magetsi, ndi zina zotero.) Kodi umatulutsa, motero mfundo pafupifupi kukonzanso moyo.

Pafupipafupi ndiponso mitundu ya nthawi yokonza mopitirira pa ntchito kalendala nthawi ndi kuganizira specifications luso opanga.

Choncho, chifukwa chikhalidwe yaing'ono ya kusanthula gulu, mitundu ya yokonza mafakitale, zipangizo mafakitale ndi luso, tinganene za kufunikira kwake, mwadongosolo ndi kuvomerezedwa okhwima ulamuliro. Ndi mitundu zigawo zikuluzikulu zimenezi zimathandiza makampani kukwaniritsa yosalala ntchito makina ndipo makinawa, womwe kumathandiza kuti ndalama bajeti, kuchuluka zokolola, ndi kupeza phindu zina.