Mlendo ndi wothamanga maulendo ataliatali

Anthu ambiri amvapo mawu osamveka bwino akuti "otsalira". Ameneyu ndi ndani? Kodi amachita chiyani? Sikuti aliyense akudziwa mayankho a mafunso awa. Winawake adzakumbukira kuti dzina lake limagwirizana ndi masewera: masewera ndi masewera othamanga. Winawake amakangana ndi kunena izo ndi maganizo. Kotero ndani ali wolondola?

Wotsalira ndani?

Kotero, kwa ambiri, malowa ndi othamanga maulendo ataliatali. Koma pakali pano mawuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Mau omwewo adadza kwa ife kuchokera ku Chingerezi. M'masuliridwe, otsalira amatanthauza "munthu wolimba". Mwinamwake, ichi ndicho chikhalidwe chofunikira kwambiri ndi chofunikira, chomwe chimapereka kwathunthu khalidwe ndi zochita za anthu. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mawuwa agwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu masewera a masewera kuti atchule ochita masewera omwe amadziwika paulendo wautali. Choyamba pa masewera, ndiyeno m'maseŵera ena. Tsopano amake akuitana osati othamanga okha, komanso okwera, ojambula masewero, ndi zina zotero.

Kodi mtunda umatha kutalika kotani?

M'maseŵera kaŵirikaŵiri amagaŵira maulendo onse kukhala maulendo aifupi, apakati ndi aatali. Zotsatirazi zimaphatikizapo kuthamanga ku 3000, 5000, 10,000 kapena kuposa mamita. Marathons ndi hafu ya marathoni ndi mitundu yosiyana ya chilango ndipo amaima mosiyana. Kuwauza kuti iwo amakhala kutali ndi malo olakwika. Mtsinje wa kilomita 42 wothamanga ochita masewera apadera - othamanga marathon. Motero, kutalika kwakukulu kumatengedwa kuyambira 3000 mpaka 30,000 mamita. Mpikisano umachitika, monga lamulo, m'maseŵera ndi kuvala wapadera. Kuthamanga kuchoka pa 10 mpaka 30 kilomita nthawi zambiri mumsewu waukulu. Mtsinje wodutsa kumtunda ungathe kuchitiranso.

Mnyumba: zida za teknoloji, akuthamanga patali

Woyendetsa maulendo afupikitsa amagwiritsa ntchito zala zake, koma osati wokhala. Izi zimapangitsanso zolemetsa pamatumbo, ndipo minofu imatopa mofulumira. Monga lamulo, kuima kwa nthawi yaitali kumaikidwa kutsogolo, ndiyeno zonse zimagwa. Mikono imayendetsedwa pazingwe zolondola kapena pang'ono, thupi limasunthira pang'ono.

Pamene muthamanga ndikofunika kupereka moyenera mphamvuzo, kotero kuti zokwanira mtunda wonse. Choncho, yunifolomu ikuyenda kapena ndi yunifolomu yowonjezera imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuthamanga kotsiriza kumapangidwira pamtunda womaliza wa 200-300 mamita pamtunda wapakati ndi 300-400 mamita pamtunda wa mamita 3000 m.

Kuposa wotsalirayo ndi wosiyana ndi sprinter

Mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya othamanga ndi yosiyana ndi njira ndi njira zomwe zimayenda ndi kutalika kwa mtunda. Palinso kusiyana kosiyana kwa thupi. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti mtunda uti udzakhala wopambana kwambiri kwa munthu. Olakwika kwambiri ndi iwo amene amaganiza kuti: "Ngati wothamangayo athamanga mamita 1500 kapena mamita 3000, amatha kuyenda mosavuta mamita 100, mtunda ndi wochepa." Nthawi zambiri mamita 100 amagwira ntchito bwino. Ndipo izi zikugwirizana ndi izi.

Okonza amathandizidwa bwino ndi tizilombo tofulumira, zomwe sizikusowa oksijeni kukonza njira zamagetsi. Ichi ndi katundu wa anaerobic. Mphuno imagwira mofulumira komanso mogwira mtima, koma posachedwa imatopa, chifukwa ngati mpweya ulibe, malo osungira mphamvu amatha msanga.

Wokhalapo ndi imodzi yokhala ndi pang'onopang'ono, kumene kagayidwe kake kamakhala kotalika. Oxygen yowonjezera imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga njira zowonjezera. Thupi limakumana ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu kumakhala kochepa, koma liwiro limatsika.

Kusiyana kwina kofunika ndikuti sprinters ndi owona masewera amagwiritsa ntchito magulu osiyanasiyana a minofu ndi kuphunzitsa makhalidwe awo kuti agonjetse mtunda. Malamulowo ndi osiyana kwambiri, omwe ali omveka bwino pampikisano: Amathamanga 100m okhala ndi mitsempha yotupa amabwera, ndipo mamita 3000 ndi ochuluka - owonda, khungu lenileni ndi mafupa.

The sprinter ndi okhalapo sizongoganizira chabe

Maganizo a "wokhala" ndi "sprinter" adakhazikika kwambiri moti sanagwiritsidwe ntchito pa masewera. Tsopano lingaliro limeneli liripo mu kuwerenga maganizo. Amapanga njira zothetsera khalidwe tsiku ndi tsiku ndi kukwaniritsa cholinga.

Mnyumba ndi munthu yemwe angagwire ntchito limodzi limodzi. Amagawira katunduyo mofanana, kwenikweni zizindikiro ndi ora. Amagwiritsanso ntchito mofanana, pa nthawi yofotokozedwa, monga akunena, kuchokera kuitana mpaka kuitana, iye ndi wolimbika. Kugawa kwa mphamvu kuli ngati kuyendetsa patali. Wokhalamo adzasonkhanitsa ndi kusintha kwa nthawi yaitali asanayambe chinachake chatsopano, kusintha kudzakhala pang'onopang'ono, koma atangoyamba, sadzaleka.

Osindikizira, m'malo mwake, amakonda kukonda kwambiri, kugwira ntchito yochuluka mu nthawi yochepa. Amatha kumangirira kumapeto, kuti atembenukire mapiri tsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Mu moyo amachitanso chimodzimodzi: amayamba chinthu chatsopano (mwachitsanzo, akusintha ulamuliro wa tsiku), koma pakapita kanthawi n'zovuta kuti atsatire malamulo okhazikitsidwa. Ndipo amasiya chidwi ndikusiya.

Inde, sprinter ndi wokhalapo ali 2 mfundo zoopsa. Mu mawonekedwe awo oyera ndi osowa. Ndipo m'moyo ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito machenjerero onsewo kuti apambane. Kumbali imodzi, muyenera kumangoyamba kuyambitsa china chatsopano, kumbali inayo - kuwerengera mphamvu, kuti musataye lingaliro labwino mu masiku angapo.