M'mapapo Biopsy: ndondomeko kusankhidwa, zotsatira zake ndi zotsatira

Disease kupewa ndi kofunika kuti thanzi. The zida zatsopano za m'ma 21 limachititsa oterewa ndi kulepheretsa chitukuko cha matenda ndi zovuta kumvetsa. Mwa njira ngati amakono bwino palokha limasonyeza m'mapapo biopsy, zomwe cholinga chake ndi m'mapapo minofu kufufuza pathological. Kodi njira imeneyi, mmene kwenikweni ndi ndi momwe phunziro ili?

M'mapapo Biopsy: ndondomeko yokumana ndi tanthauzo lake

matenda a m'mapapo chabe wapezeka ndi yopangidwa tomography (CT) ndi ultrasound. Komabe, matenda aliyense ayenera litatsimikizika, makamaka pankhani matenda aakulu monga chibayo, m'mapapo mwanga fibrosis kapena khansa.

M'mapapo biopsy - njira zimene akhoza 100% zimasonyeza kapena kutsutsa matenda. Kwenikweni umenewu chagona mu minofu ya m'mapapo a mtima. Mayeso zinthu zingakhale kukula kulikonse, makamaka zosonkhanitsira ake m'chipinda zimadalira malo kudwala kapena matenda. Kwenikweni, malingana ndi zinthu izi, m'mapapo biopsy angathe kuchitidwa mu njira zingapo.

Pamene kuli kofunikira kuchita biopsy ya phapo

Choyamba, phunziroli umalimbana kutsimikizira matenda, osati kudziwika kudwala. Yotsirizira chachitika ndi zosavuta ntchito pakati pawo - ultrasound ndi yopangidwa tomography. Zomwe matenda a m'mapapo biopsy anachita?

Ndi chotero kudwala:

1. Chibayo.

2. TB.

3. m'mapapo mwanga fibrosis.

4. kugonjetsedwa kwa minofu interstitial.

5. kudzikundikira mafinya.

6. khansa neri Al.

Awa ndi matenda ena ambiri amatha kugwira mwai monga mapapo biopsy. Kodi kafukufuku ndipo kodi makhalidwe a msonkhano?

Mitundu ya m'mapapo biopsy

Pezani mfundo kufufuza njira zingapo. Kusankha mmodzi wa iwo zimadalira malo gwero la kutupa, malo maonekedwe a zimakhala yachilendo, mafinya. Kodi biopsy ya m'mapapo, monga kafukufuku amene anachitika?

1. Bronchoscopy.

Njira ntchito kuti azindikire kuvutika mu airway chapamwamba, ndi trachea ndi bronchi. Iwo ikuchitika ndi chida chapadera - bronchoscopic chubu amene anayambitsa mu m'mphuno kapena m'kamwa. Iwo ali kamera ang'onoang'ono mapeto kuti akulola dokotala kuona mmene mkati mwa mpanda wa Airways. opaleshoni amatenga pasanathe ola.

2. Singano biopsy.

Gwiritsani ntchito njira imeneyi kuti akatenge thupi zimakhala zowonongeka kuti ali pafupi ndi chifuwa. Chida ndi singano yaitali, yomwe ikuchitika mu chisanadze anapanga ang'ambe thupilo kutalika 4 mm. Puncture anapanga imodzi ndi ultrasound kapena CT younikira malo a singano wachibale ku malo a zimakhala mpanda. Ndondomeko akutenga chomwecho mphindi 60.

3. lotseguka m'mapapo biopsy.

Ngati mukufuna kuphunzira chidutswa ndi lalikulu la thupi minofu ang'ambe thupilo a chifuwa ndi zimatengera zinthu kukula chofunika. Mosiyana ndi njira kwagona kuti n'zotheka kugwila gawo lalikulu minofu ya m'mapapo.

4. Thoracoscopy.

M'mapapo biopsy angathe kuchitidwa ndi thandizo zamakono zachipatala. Thoracoscopy ndi chimodzi mwa zitsanzo ngati zimenezi, pamene ntchito zipangizo kakang'ono ndi makamera ndi ochepa kukula. Izi zimathandiza opaleshoni mosamala ndipo popanda kuwononga kwambiri khungu (awiri okha amacheka zing'onozing'ono). Monga konzanso pambuyo thoracoscopy ndi mofulumira kuposa ndondomeko zikuluzikulu opaleshoni.

Zomverera pambuyo kuyendera

M'mapapo biopsy kumafuna mpheto opaleshoni kapena thupi la matupi aumunthu. Inde, kusapeza angagwe pambuyo opaleshoni: zilonda zapakhosi, scratchy, aakulu hoarseness.

Anatomical kusokonezedwa kugwirizana ndi kuwonongeka kwa nsalu zofunda. Pogwira opareshoni ngati ntchito mankhwala, choncho anthu panthawi Kodi Simumva kuwawa. Ngati ndi puncture, ndiye mayikidwe la singano ndi nsonga zake kukhudzana ndi kuwala anamva pang'ono woyaka kutengeka, lobaya.

An biopsy lotseguka imagwiridwa pogonekedwa ndi mankhwala ambiri. Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, wodwalayo adzamvera tulo ndi ofooka kuwala. pagona akutsitsimuka pambuyo thoracoscopy: zimatenga pafupifupi sabweretsa chisoni, liwiro, ndipo ambiri Chofunika - ndi konzanso satenga nthawi zambiri.

contraindications

Kodi palibe chovuta m'mapapo biopsy? Zotsatira za kafukufuku ameneyu angakhale osiyana, mwachitsanzo. K. Iwo amagwirizana ndi kuswa khungu kapena airway mucous okhulupirika. Pofuna kupewa mavuto n'kotheka, ndondomeko si ikuchitika pamaso pa kuvutika izi mu mtima:

1. Mtima kulephera kwambiri.

2. oxygen njala.

3. magazi m'thupi.

4. Osauka magazi clotting.

5. kupuma kulephera.

6. kuthamanga adakulabe mu mapapo.

7. mfundo mu Airways.

Aliyense wa zinthu izi mwina chifukwa cha kulephera kwa biopsy lapansi. Komabe, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti konzanso zimadalira mlingo wa chitukuko cha matenda a m'mapapo, osati thanzi ziwonongeke tatchulawa.

Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu pamaso kumupima

odwala ambiri amachita chidwi ndi mmene kukonzekera opaleshoni. Pali mfundo zikuluzikulu:

1. Musamalandire chakudya kapena kumwa kwa maola 6-12 asanachite opareshoni.

2. osachepera A masiku 3 kusiya kumwa mankhwala odana ndi yotupa.

3. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi mankhwala kuti woonda magazi.

Mfundo yomaliza ndi zotsatira za opaleshoni pamene phunziro mtima. vuto ndi kuona olanda nthawi zonse limodzi ndi kukha magazi. mwamphamvu umadalira makamaka kuphunzira zachipatala Komabe, kukhazikitsidwa kwa thinners magazi, zingawonjezere vutolo.

Pamaso ntchito, muyenera kamodzinso kukumana ultrasound, CT jambulani kapena pachifuwa X-ray. Komanso muyenera atayezetsa.

Nthawi yomweyo isanachitike opaleshoni, dokotala ayenera kulankhula kwa inu. Iye ayenera kudziwa zinthu zotsatirazi: muli ndi pakati kapena ayi (ngati wodwalayo - mkazi), ngati pali ndi mankhwala aliwonse, ngati muli kumwa mankhwala pa nthawiyo, palibe mavuto ndi clotting magazi.

Kodi zomverera wodwala akumva mkati ndi pambuyo biopsy chiyani?

Iwo anazindikira kuti njira yodalirika kuti tipeze pathologies kupuma ndi m'mapapo biopsy. Kodi kuchita kusanthula izi, nawonso, kale bwino Komabe, odwala amene ali ndi ndondomeko ndi zimenezi, pali mafunso yovomerezeka. Kaya munthu ululu pa opaleshoni? ndi mavuto a kuphunzira angakhalepo panthawi konzanso chiyani?

Palokha, opaleshoni imagwiridwa pogonekedwa ndi mankhwala kanthu kuti kumatha ululu. Choncho, si koyenera kuopa biopsy, dokotala zokwanira kumvera ndi kutsatira zofuna zake.

Mu ndondomeko ya konzanso wa mwakale youma pakamwa, kusasa mawu. Komanso, wodwalayo angadandaule za kufupika kwa mpweya kapena kupweteka m'chifuwa. Nthawi zina pali mavuto monga pneumothorax kapena hemoptysis. Komabe, iwo n'zochepa kwambiri.

Analysis zotsatira kuphunzira

M'mapapo biopsy ikuchitika kuti molondola ndi lolondola matenda kugwirizana ndi kuvutika a dongosolo kupuma. Pambuyo akafufuza izi zikuchitika kwa masiku 3 mpaka 5 pamaso zotsatira okonzeka. Pali mtundu uwu kusanthula monga biopsy yaitali. Pankhaniyi, zotsatira idzakonzedwa palibe mwansanga koposa masabata 2.

Nthawi zambiri, ndi biopsy imagwiridwa kutsimikiza matenda kapena pambuyo CT / ultrasound, zotsatira zomwe zinawululidwa Muzisamala lomenyera mapapo ndi Airways.

Pa maziko akhoza adzaweruzidwa kuti chikhalidwe cha dongosolo kupuma ndi ponseponse? Choyamba, chifukwa analibe toyambitsa tizilombo maselo, mafinya. Kachiwiri Kapangidwe ka maselo limba minofu, zomwe kwathunthu silikuphatikiza pamaso pa mtima wabwino kapena zilonda zotupa. zotsatira zonse biopsies m'mapapo zinalembedwa nalowa Nawonso achichepere mtima.