Mphesa Kukongola North: mwachidule, makhalidwe a kubzala ndi kulima

Mphesa mwakula kwa nthawi makedzana. Pa kuli zipatso amenewa anasonyeza mitundumitundu. Winegrowers - akatswiri ndi Amateurs - akuchita zonse zotheka kuonetsetsa chiphaso cha mtundu abwino ndi kukoma wabwino ndi mkulu zokolola. Mphesa Kukongola kwa North, kapena Olga amasangalala kutchuka kwambiri kwa zaka zoposa makumi asanu. Onse otere angathe kuwerenga nkhani.

History Olga

Kodi dzina chachiwiri, consonant ndi dzina wamkazi, sakudziwika. Akukhulupirira kuti anapatsidwa zosiyanasiyana dzina la mwana wamkazi wake I. L. Shtin ndi IM Filippenko, amene anamubweretsera. Main dzina kalasi analandira ambiri ake osati mbali ya kum'mwera ya dziko, komanso M'madera a zitunda kumpoto.

Kukongola kwa North - chosakanizika mphesa zosiyanasiyana. Iye ayipanga ndi ankawoloka North ndi Dawn ya Pinki Tayfi. A mtundu watsopano anatenga kuchokera makolo awo kukoma zabwino zonse ndi kusinthasintha kwa zinthu chokhwima nyengo. Pangani Kukongola kwa North analephera obereketsa Institute Research a horticulture dzina I. V. Michurina ndi mayina osiyanasiyana latsopano mu 1960. Winegrowers yomweyo anaona zokolola mkulu ndi makhalidwe zosaneneka kukoma kwa ana awo.

inafikira

Kalasi Kukongola North mphesa yomweyo anapambana chikondi cha dziko ndi kuyamba kukhala wamkulu m'madera ambiri. Chifukwa cha wangwiro ndi Hardy, mabulosi uwu anacititsa pa kulima olima zipatso osati South komanso gulu pakati, ndi North. Inafalitsidwa mu East ndiponso ku Siberia. Kufikira tsopano lino, North Kukongola amakonda kutchuka kwambiri pakati pa anthu okhala Belarus ndi mayiko Baltic. Mpesa wa Krasnodar Gawo wotchuka konsekonse mu dziko lathu, ndi m'madera izi wamkulu Olga.

MITUNDU mphesa nambala zonse kusinthidwa ndi bwino, mitundu ambiri okalamba kuimirira. Mu South Kukongola kwa North pafupifupi silinachite, chifukwa M'madera a zitunda awa pali chidwi mitundumitundu. Mphesa Kukongola kwa North sasiya kufunika m'madera nyengo sali oyenera kulima zolengedwa thermophilic. Anafotokoza kalasi ali mkulu chisanu kukana, amadwala kuchepa kutentha kwa madigiri opanda 26. Mpesa wa Krasnodar Gawo - malo abwino kulima mitundu, monga yozizira pali sizimadziwika. Iye fussy, pafupifupi si poyera kuti matenda ambiri zokhudza mphesa. Koma Tikambirana lino.

ntchito

Analongosola Kukongola kwa North ananena kuti zosiyanasiyana chikukhudza chodyera gulu. Zimagwiritsa ntchito mu mawonekedwe mwatsopano, koma winegrowers ambiri amene kukula Olga kokha munthu aliyense, madzi kunyumba zopangidwa ndi vinyo. Zokoma mphambu mphesa madzi ndi mkulu wokhala pa mfundo 8.5. mukhoza zakumwa popanda shuga anawonjezera, monga zipatso zake zilipo zedi okwanira kuchokera Kukongola kwa North. Zamgululi zopangidwa kuchokera zosiyanasiyana lino kusiyana ndi apamwamba.

Anafotokoza mphesa angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati vitamini enaake, popeza muli yambiri kupatsidwa folic acid (100 ml - 0,23 magalamu).

Mu msika wa mphesa Kukongola North ndi otchuka komanso. The zosiyanasiyana wapatsidwa portability mkulu akhoza kusamutsidwa pa mtunda wautali popanda kutaya choyambirira mawonekedwe, kulawa ndi kutsitsimuka. N'chimodzimodzinso yosungiramo. Mphesa Kukongola North adzasangalala inu pambuyo yokolola kufikira m'chaka chatsopano! Gwirizanani, ndi zabwino pakati pa dzinja, kuchitira nokha mwatsopano, eni mphesa wamkulu.

Kukongola North (mphesa): malongosoledwe kalasi

Tchire wamtali, komanso ndi kukula mofulumira. Vine yaitali, ndi mphukira zake zonse zipse pa nyengo kukula, timatha popanda kusemphana zokolola m'tsogolo kupirira frosts kwambiri. Mphesa Olga lalikulu ndithu, amatha kulemera magalamu 900, ali mawonekedwe conical, zikuwoneka yomasuka pang'ono. Sami zipatso lalikulu, adzakhale koma pang'ono elongated, sing'anga kukula 19h21 mm. Kucha kumatenga masiku 110, ndi okwana osati madigiri zosakwana 22 kutentha kwa nyengo ofunda. Kukolola m'ma August.

Peel chipatso translucent, woonda, ungathe ❖ kuyanika phula. Ngati pali mvula, ungatithandize ndi mng'alu mu nyengo kucha. Aliyense mabulosi ali mbewu ziwiri kapena zinayi.

Maluwa Kukongola wodzilamulira mungu Northern, koma sachedwa goroshenie. The zosiyanasiyana ali mkulu zokolola, ndipo aliyense mphukira watsopano masamba awiri. masamba lobed, slaborassechennye kapena ayi amacheka. Kumbali pansi pa pepala pali waung'ono zofewa pushenie.

Mphesa Kukongola North kugonjetsedwa kwambiri matenda. Powdery cinoni ndi downy cinoni kawirikawiri ankakumana mitundu ya matenda. Koma ndi botrytis izo ali kukana wabwino.

Zipatso pansi chinyezi mkulu angakhale okhwima mawonekedwe nthawi yaitali kukhala pa chitsamba. Iwo kupulumutsa ulaliki, osati zagniyut.

kulawa makhalidwe

Olga zipatso yowutsa mudyo kwambiri ndi mafupa okhaokhayo mwaikamo mnofu. The dzuwa mu izi, pafupifupi 17%, acidity si upambana 5.4%. Kukoma okoma, zolimbikitsa, popanda mbali iliyonse yapadera. Zilibe azipereka chizindikiro cha nutmeg. The fungo ndi ofooka, pafupifupi imperceptible. Peel ali pang'ono busa amakambirana kuti ndi chizindikiro cha kukoma. Woonda peel ndi zofewa kwambiri, mosavuta kudyedwa.

Winegrowers kuti akulu adalikuthengo, ndi juicier ndi chokoma zipatso pa izo. Komanso, monga mwa muyeso wa shuga mu kucha zipatso kukula, kotero muyenera kudikira kusasitsa zonse.

kubzala mipesa

Poyamba, tiona kuti North Kukongola kwa chisanu ntchito kalasi, mtundu ndipo analenga ofunika kwambiri kugonjetsedwa ndi ozizira. Choncho, muyenera kusankha malo chitsamba zimatetezedwa ku mphepo, mvula ndi chisanu. Muyenera kuganizira mofatsa kusankha nthaka. Desirably nthaka chifukwa chodzala theka mpesa kuchepetsedwa ndi mchenga. Chifukwa mbewu iliyonse amafuna gawo lalikulu, osachepera mamita lalikulu asanu. Pa izi zimatengera zokolola, monga tchire ayenera kwambiri zakudya. Ngati mwasankha malo ang'onoang'ono, anthu adzasangalala ndi anansi zinthu zofunika, ndi zokolola adzakhala otsika. Distance pakati pa mizere ayenera mamita awiri ndi zitatu pakati landings.

The ankafika wa Zidamera cuttings muyezo. M'pofunika kukumba dzenje mapazi osachepera awiri kwambiri. Pa pansi yaikidwa chisakanizo cha humus ndi mchenga. Ndiye dzenje aikidwa mapesi, yokutidwa ndi dziko lapansi, ncho kuchokera mu kuya. Khosi la muzu akhale padziko.

Pambuyo kuoneka mphukira atsopano ayenera kusankha anayi amphamvu kwambiri ndi amphamvu, ndi ena kuchotsa, kudula ndi zosadzira mitengo yapadera. Mphukira otsala ayenera wotetezedwa kwa trellis lapansi.

Kodi kupanga trellis pakuti mphesa?

Mwafesedwa cuttings sitikusowa trellis wotero. Zidzakhala zokwanira kukumba pafupi ndodo ndipo muvale kuti chitsamba wamng'ono. M'chaka chachiwiri m'pofunika kuchita wathunthu garter mpesa, chimene chili chofunika kuti ndi mapeto a chisanu, koma pamaso Mphukira mkangano. Choncho, kodi trellis pakuti mphesa?

Pamafunika simenti kapena zitsulo zogwiriziza, osati mamita wamfupi kusiyana awiri ndi awiri a 15 masentimita. Kumene, mukhoza kukumba ndi nkhuni, koma thundu kapena mthethe, monga iwo sakhala poyera kuti lawola. Ngati mwasankha thandizo matabwa, m'pofunika kukonzekera bwino: kuchotsa khungwa onse kuchokera mmunsi kuti nakumba ndi zilowerere peresenti asanu njira ya sulphate mkuwa, zomwe zakonzedwa mu chiŵerengero cha makilogalamu 0.5 pa malita khumi madzi. Kwa trellis limapitirira mafuta-Ground cha thandizo utomoni.

In-Ground thandizo mbali zonse za m'tchire pa mtunda wa theka mita ndi akuya chabe mita theka. Pakati pa mizati anatambasula mizere angapo 1.8-2.4 mamilimita kanasonkhezereka waya. Ngati mphesa ankafika malo ili mu mthunzi, m'pofunika kukweza tithe apamwamba, koma mamita ngati dzuwa ndi imodzi ndi theka. Mtunda pakati pa mizere ayenera theka mita.

Garter mipesa kwa trellis lizisunga kukula ngati chitsamba. Mphukira yoyamba ya masika ndi kuliika pa mndandanda woyamba ndi wachiwiri, kupereka impso malo omwewo chitukuko ndi kukula. Muyenera kumanga zolimba, kuti ankatembenukira pamene anatenga mipesa.

chisamaliro zina

Fruiting chitsamba chilichonse lidzayamba pambuyo zaka 2-3, koma pamaso mbewu likadali akufunika kuisamalira. M'pofunika kutengulira izo, kuti zimamuchulukira chitsamba, utsi ku tizirombo ndi matenda. Mphesa sprayed, kulongosola zili zina.

Pamene masamba ayenera kudulira, izo tikulimbikitsidwa osasiya kuposa mabowo 10. Ngati inu mukufuna kupeza zipatso zazikulu, ndiye ikani zosaposa 5-6.

Pokonzekera yozizira, mphesa kuchotsedwa trellis, ndi pogona ndi filimu wapadera. Mphesa Kukongola North sayenera chitetezo choterocho, pokhapokha ozizira yaitali ndondomeko ili m'munsiyi madigiri 26.

processing

Spring processing wa mphesa matenda - chochitika kuvomerezedwa. Lililonse wodzala amadziwa kuti tchire N'zosavuta kwa matenda ndi mavuto kwambiri ankachitira. Choncho, zimene utsi mphesa?

Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo, pamene chomera akudzuka ndipo umayamba mwachangu kukula, m'pofunika woyamba chithandizo. Kuyambira cinoni ntchito Bordeaux osakaniza kapena kuchepetsedwa kuprostat sulphate mkuwa. Ndi oidium kumenyana ntchito njira yapadera "topazi" ntchito kapena colloidal sulfure.

Pamene inu mukuona mphukira choyamba masamba awiri m'pofunika kuti processing wa mankhwala tizirombo "B-58" kapena "Malathion".

Ndi kuisamalira, mudzakhala ndi chaka kusangalatsa mkulu zokolola mphesa zokoma!