Msempha - ndi msempha wa mtima ndi .... chisindikizo kung'ambika

The msempha ndi chotengera waukulu wa munthu. Kuti zinagwira nambala yaikulu kwambiri mitsempha kuti kupereka magazi kwa thupi, kubweretsa aliyense limba zakudya zokwanira ndi oxygen.

Kodi msempha?

Izi makamaka chotengera waukulu kuti ali m'thupi la munthu. Mu chochitika cha mtundu wina uliwonse anali pathologies kugwirizana ndi msempha, moyo wa munthu pangozi yaikulu.

Dziwani kuti msempha - ndi unpaired chotengera. phunziro lake masiku ano yowalanga zokwanira. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti ali ndi kufunika yaikulu, kwenikweni nthawi zonse ndipo ndi wamkulu kwambiri katundu.

Zina msempha

Monga tanena kale, sitima ndi yaikulu kwambiri ku thupi. N'zosadabwitsa kuti madokotala anaganiza kugawidwa mu magawo. Chifukwa cha msempha za mtima lagawidwa m'magawo 3 chachikulu:

• m'mwamba;
• kung'ambika Chipilala;
• akutsika.

Pa gawo kumtunda

Mfundo kuyambira a chotengera waukulu anthu tinganene kuti kung'ambika valavu. Iwo salola magazi analandira kuchokera pansi pa mtima, kumbuyo, pochita zimenezi iwo anaphwanya hemodynamics. Kukwera msempha ndi yochepa ndipo akupereka chidwi ochepa.

Za Chipilala kung'ambika

Limayenda m'mwamba Dipatimenti pa iye. Nawonso Chipilala kung'ambika si mapeto a chotengera lalikulu. Popeza kuti zipita atsikira dipatimentiyi wake. Kung'ambika Chipilala ndi wotembenuka upwardly otukukira kunja mbali ya chotengeracho. Kwa dipatimenti imeneyi ku tsinde la mitsempha 3 lalikulu achoke. Tikuyankhula zokhudza thunthu brachiocephalic, anasiya carotid wamba ndi kumanzere subclavian mitsempha. M'tsogolo, brachiocephalic thunthu Nayenso lagawidwa 2 lalikulu chotengera - lamanja wamba carotid ndi ufulu mtsempha wamagazi subclavian. Ndi chifukwa cha kung'ambika kotunga Chipilala magazi ikuchitika thupi chapamwamba.

atsikira msempha

Amakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri - ndi thoracic ndi lumbar. Woyamba umayamba mwamsanga Chipilala kung'ambika. Nthawi zambiri pamalopa ndi zimakhudza kwambiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa swirling magazi zikuchitika Atayendetsa akwera gawo ndi Chipilala kung'ambika.

gawo izi zikuyamba kuchokera pa 3-4 thoracic vertebrae. Kenako chitadutsa kwa mlingo wa 4 lumbar linkawonongeka, komwe kumachitika mu bifurcation cha kumanja ndi kumanzere wamba mitsempha iliac kuti ali ndi udindo kusowa magazi m'makona onse m'munsi.

Pa mlingo wa bifurcation wa umachoka msempha ndi chotengera china chimene yokhala ankaona kuti ndi kupitiriza mwachindunji. Ndi za mtsempha wamagazi apakatikati sacral. Umadutsa pamwamba zapambuyo wa sacrum lapansi.

kung'ambika Meaning

Kufunika yaikulu mu thupi chotengera ndi zovuta Musaone. Popeza kuti iye ndi maziko a kufalitsa zokhudza zonse. Ndi kuyamika ake anapanga kotunga magazi ziwalo zonse ndipo zimakhala.

The kudwala wa kung'ambika ndi

Panopa onse lalikulu matenda chotengera anawagawa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu:

• kobadwa nako;
• Nagula.

Kaya etiology matenda kung'ambika, iwo akuimilira kuopsa kwambiri mwamsanga kuti moyo wa munthu.

matenda kobadwa nako

Onse a matenda amenewa ndi oopsa kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amafuna opaleshoni yaikulu. Mwa matenda aakulu tisaiwale koortatsiyu msempha ndi matenda Marfan a.

Koortatsiya msempha ndi matenda obadwa oopsa kwambiri. Angakhale akuganiza ndi chitukuko m'goli la theka chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi mwa thupi. Kukachitika kuti munthu ali koortatsiya msempha, minofu ya miyendo chapamwamba bwinobwino, ndipo pansi pali zakudya m'thupi. Pankhaniyi, wodwalayo angadandaule kufooka ndi ululu malekezero m'munsi, makamaka thupi.

Koma syndrome Marfan, chifukwa cha imfa matenda zimakhala basi kudwala chomwecho kwa msempha. Nthawi zambiri ndi kulekana khoma la chotengera waukulu mu thupi. Kuchuluka chiopsezo matenda amayamba chifukwa chakuti mpanda wa msempha mu syndrome Marfan anafooka ndipo chingathe kupirira kuli nkhawa kuposa zinthu zachilendo.

kuthi kudwala

The msempha - lofunika kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri zokwanira bwanji dipatimenti thupi. The mavuto ambiri ndi msempha, chimene uka osati chifukwa cha chitukuko yoopsa, ndi m'kati moyo, mitundu yonse ya aneurysm ndi chophukacho.

Koma kusiyana linga la msempha, mwina boma zoopsa kwambiri mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, anthu amene anali kudwala ofanana kulephera kusunga. Mfundo ndi kuti kusiyana kwa chotengera waukulu mu thupi limodzi ndi magazi kwambiri. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, anthu akufunika chithandizo mwamsanga opaleshoni. Small mwayi kupulumutsa wodwalayo ndi kudwala amenewa akupezeka pokhapokha ngati ali kale mu malo dokotala, ndi bwino - mu ndani.

Chifukwa ambiri a chotupa kung'ambika ndi kuchepetsa kwambiri pa elasticity wa mpanda wake, amene asunga pa maziko a miyala ya salt kashiamu pa izo.

Wina kudwala mwakhama aneurysm kung'ambika ndi izo. Mwa zina, komanso kungachititse kuti chotupa cha pakhoma chotengera. Akamanena za aneurysm ndi ndi vuto la zonse magazi ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo msempha ikaponda thumba. Nthawi zambiri, kudwala izi zimachitika komwe khoma chotengera ndi osachepera pang'ono wofooka. Mwachizolowezi kutanthauzira kusintha ndi kung'ambika Chipilala ndi gawo ake m'mimba. Pankhaniyi, chisindikizo cha msempha zambiri alibe kuonekera kukomoka mu njira iliyonse. Kuwonjezera pa chiopsezo chotupa makoma chotengera, kuchititsa kuopseza lalikulu kwambiri ndi chiopsezo kupanga magazi kuundana kuchuluka. Ngati aumbike ndi kuyamba kuyenda ake m'magazi, zikhoza kuyambitsa zotsatira kwambiri zoopsa kwa anthu.

Matendawa matenda kung'ambika

Panopa, pali njira zingapo Kupeza Vuto matenda, okhudza waukulu wa ziwiya alipo anthu. Waukulu mwa iwo:

• Echocardiography (transthoracic ndi transesophageal);
• kumveka maginito kulingalira;
• Angiography.

Echocardiography ndi losavuta njira tatchulazi. Kwenikweni umenewu chagona mu ntchito zida matenda amene limatulutsa ndipo amalandira mafunde akupanga otraschonnye. Nthawi zambiri ntchito njira kafukufuku transthoracic. Mu kachipangizo ichi, wothira mafuta gel osakaniza wapadera anawamvera pa pachifuwa cha wodwalayo. phunziro Transesophageal zinasintha kwambiri njira ndi ntchito zambiri kamodzikamodzi.

Maginito kumveka kulingalira ndi masiku ndi nkhani kwambiri, koma mtengo kwambiri njira Kupeza Vuto kung'ambika kudwala. Uyamiko kwa Iye, amalowerera m'maganizo mwanu chilichonse msempha ku kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zosiyanasiyana. Izi umathandiza woyendetsa kudziwa kukhalapo ngakhale kusintha kwakung'ono khoma chotengera, kuphatikizapo ochiritsira chisindikizo msempha.

Angiography alinso nkhani kwambiri njira ya kafukufuku. Pankhaniyi, ntchito amagwirizana ndi mavuto ena. chakuti akamanena za njira tichipeza poyamba mu chotengera lumen madzi radiopaque. Nthawi zina amachititsa thupi zoipa zosiyanasiyana kuti angafikire mawu kwambiri. Choncho msempha - ichi ndithu cholinga zovuta kuphunzira. Njira imeneyi zimathandiza kuti muzione magazi kudzera ziwiya. Chifukwa cha dokotala phunziro adzaona zigawo zonse kwa msempha, malo a chidule awo ndi kukula, komanso kuvutika ena.