Minofu ya m'makona chapamwamba wa munthu: kapangidwe ndi ntchito

miyendo Upper ndi chida chofunika. Ndiyamika pamaso pawo, anthu akhala ndi mwai kuchita zosiyanasiyana za magulu ndi kuchita.

Matenda a malekezero chapamwamba

Kapangidwe zikuchokera limapangidwa:

• Chikopa.
• Minofu.
• Bone mafupa.
• Mitsempha.
• Mitolo.

Izi ndi thunthu la nthambi chapamwamba. The dzanja lamanja ndi lamanzere ndi osiyana ndi wina ndi mnzake. zazikulu ndi zooneka mosiyanasiyana kwa maburashi, mwachitsanzo. Dzanja lamanzere ndi wamfupi kusiyana ndi ufulu pafupifupi theka centimeter. Fomu, amene miyendo m'mwamba, malingana ndi ntchito, zaka, jenda. Ofunika ndi thanzi akukhudzidwira. Kapangidwe ka nthambi chapamwamba kumatanthauza zolinga zake. Ndi chifukwa peculiarities dongosolo minofu. Upper kumalekezero ntchito ndithu kwambiri. Kudzera zochita zawo anthu angathe kumvetsa zinthu, kulemba, manja, ndi zina zotero. Ndiyeno ganizirani zimene zimapanga minofu ya m'makona chapamwamba.

musculature thunthu

Yapamwamba anawagawa mitundu iwiri. Gulu loyamba zikuphatikizapo nyama lamba phewa, wachiwiri - gawo ufulu. Gulu ikuchitika kutengera zofuna zanu ndi malo (kumapeto kwa tebulo iyankha kuperekedwa). Minofu ya m'makona chapamwamba mu lamba phewa lagawidwa deltoid, supra- ndi infraspinatus, ang'ono ndi lalikulu, kuzungulira, ndipo subscapularis CHIKWANGWANI. Kapangidwe ka lamba phewa zikuphatikizapo musculature dzanja, mapewa ndi mkono.

wozungulira CHIKWANGWANI Large

Iwo ndi elongated lathyathyathya mawonekedwe. Yambani kuchokera kumbuyo kwa ngodya pansi pa tsamba. Izi minofu ya miyendo chapamwamba akuyang'ana mulu waung'ono wa humerus (ndi Crest). Kumbuyo Hotelo adjoins ulusi yotakata mmbuyo. Teres lalikulu minofu ya m'makona chapamwamba pamene kuchepetsa kokani phewa lake, momuuza mkati. Motero, dzanja anabwerera ku thupi.

Ulusi deltoid

Iwo anapereka mu mawonekedwe a makona a. Mu mmunsi mwa minofu chapamwamba nthambi zili matumba subdeltoid. Yapamwamba TACHIMATA ndi olowa phewa kwathunthu ndi minofu phewa kwanuko. The deltoid zikuphatikizapo matabwa lalikulu converge pamwamba. Iwo agawidwa malinga ndi ntchito. Kumbuyo anakokera dzanja lake mmbuyo, patsogolo - patsogolo. Yambani ulusi ku tsamba olamulira (lateral kumapeto) ndi gawo la clavicle lapansi. kukonza gawo - mu tuberosity deltoid wa humerus lapansi. Minofu deltoid ya nthambi chapamwamba atachotsedwa mapewa outwards pamaso naimirira yopingasa.

ulusi Small wozungulira

Iwo kuphatikiza oblong zozungulira minofu. Mbali kutsogolo aphimbidwa ndi ulusi deltoid, kumbuyo - lalikulu lozungulira. Kuyambira mkono tsamba, pang'ono m'munsimu ulusi infraspinatus umene uli pafupi pamwamba padziko. Gawo amamangiriridwa ku malo pa phiri la humerus ndi olowa kapisozi (kwa gawo kumbuyo kwake). Minofu akutembenukira outwards dzanja, retracts ndi imakoka kapisozi olowa.

ulusi supraspinatus

Iwo amapanga triangular mphako minofu. Iwo lili fossa supraspinatus pansi pa gawo trapezoidal. Kukonza malo ndi kumbuyo kwa phewa olowa kapisozi ndi malo osewerera pa mulu waukulu wa mafupa. Minofu kumayamba maenje pamwamba. Ndi kuchepetsa auka CHIKWANGWANI ndi kukoka phewa anzake kapisozi, amene kumathandiza jamming.

subscapularis CHIKWANGWANI

Iwo anapanga ndi triangular lonse lathyathyathya minofu. Yapamwamba imakonzedwa mu Chuck fossa. Pa malo pali tendinous kuphatikana thumba. Subscapularis minofu akuyamba dzenje, ndipo itha - mu mulu waung'ono humerus ndi kutsogolo kwa kapisozi olowa. Ndi kuchepetsa phewa imazungulira mkati ulusi.

infraspinatus CHIKWANGWANI

Iwo apanga lathyathyathya triangular mawonekedwe minofu. Inali gawo mu fossa infraspinatus. Yambani ulusi ili kumbuyo mpanda wake ndi Chuck. Ndi chili ku kapisozi a olowa phewa ndi pansi pakati pa wamkulu tuberosity fupa umene uli podsuhozhilnaya thumba. Kudula, phewa minofu akutembenukira outwards, amalola kutenga dzanja anamuukitsa, imakoka kapisozi olowa.

minofu phewa

Iwo m'magulu awiri. Front amachita flexion ndi kutambasuka wokhulupirira kumbuyo phewa ndi mkono. Gulu loyamba zikuphatikizapo kukongola, minofu phewa, ndipo mulomo. Kapangidwe ka gawo lachiwiri zikuphatikizapo triceps ndi minofu chigongono wa malekezero chapamwamba wa munthu.

awiri mutu ulusi

Iwo amapanga minofu spindle-anamaliza. Mu dongosolo lake pali mitu iwiri: lalifupi, kuchita manja pulasitala ndi yaitali, kupoletsa kuwatsogolera. The kumayamba masika ku masamba epiarticular tubercle. Short mutu ukusunthira kutali coracoid lapansi. Mu malo chaubale aumbike pamimba. Iwo Ufumuyo kwa hump pa utali wozungulira wa. ena ali fibrous mitolo m'njira medial. Iwo apanga ndondomeko mbale - ndi fascia. Kalatayi zipita brachial fascia. Zolinga za kukongola ndi zimayenda kunja ndi flexing wa mkono pa chigongono.

mlomo CHIKWANGWANI

Iwo amapanga minofu mosabisa. Iwo aphimbidwa ndi lalifupi mutu wa gawo kukongola. minofu Beaked wa malekezero chapamwamba munthu umayamba pamwamba pa masamba a dzina ndondomeko yomweyo. Yapamwamba zaikidwa m'munsimu pakati pa gawo medial wa humerus lapansi. Chifukwa kuchepetsedwa anakweza phewa, manja ndi midline lapansi.

phewa CHIKWANGWANI

Iwo anapanga lonse fusiform minofu. Chiyambi cha yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda kutsogolo ndi akunja padziko phewa fupa. Kukhazikitsa ikuchitika kuti tubercle ake ndi kapisozi a chigongono olowa. Yapamwamba ali ndi pansi pa gawo phewa (mbali kutsogolo) ndi minofu kukongola.

ulnar gawo

minofu uyu ali ndi mawonekedwe pyramidal. chiyambi chake - cha lateral epicondyle la fupa phewa. Yapamwamba Ufumuyo kumbuyo gawo la Thupi la ulna ndi zoterezi. Kuchepetsa, minofu akuwatsimikizira mkono. Komanso amayang'anira akuchedwa mu kapisozi a chigongono olowa.

CHIKWANGWANI triceps

Iwo ndi mkono yaitali. Amakhala 3 mitu: medial, lateral ndi yaitali. Kuyambira lomaliza - subarticular scapular chitunda. Ofananira mutu imasiyana gawo posterolateral la fupa phewa, medial - kuchokera pamwamba kumbuyo. zinthu olumikiza pamimba spindle woboola pakati. Izo ndiye zipita tendon lapansi. Kukhazikitsa pamimba anapangidwa kwa kapisozi olowa ndi Scion chigongono. Ndi kuchepetsa CHIKWANGWANI unbent forearm, nditadzipatula dzanja ndi dzanja ndi kwa thupi. Minofu ili pa olecranon kwa tsamba.

CHIKWANGWANI forearm

Iwo m'magulu awiri minofu: kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Aliyense wa iwo pali CHIKWANGWANI ndiponso wosanjikiza pamwamba. Pitani asamathe mu gulu kutsogolo zikuphatikizapo flexor (ulna ndi utali wozungulira) ndi zala gawo brachioradialis, pronator teres minofu. malinga palmar minofu limabweretsa dipatimenti. Wosanjikiza kuya lili pronator lalikulu, flexors: chala chachikulu yaitali ndi chala kwambiri. Kwa minofu chongodziwa kumbuyo kwa gulu komanso chigongono, lalifupi ndi lalitali zozungulira extensor dzanja, chala chachikulu ndi chala chaching'ono. Wosanjikiza kuya kwa dipatimenti kudzapereka instep, minofu, ndi extensor ndi abductor chala (lalifupi ndi lalitali), extensor index chala.

musculature burashi

Minofu imakonzedwa padziko palmar. Yapamwamba anawagawa m'magulu angapo: akutanthauza medial, lateral. Kumbuyo mbali padziko burashi ndi dzina lomweli interosseous minofu. Mu gulu lateral ulusi alipo, kukonza kayendedwe ka chala choyamba: zosiyana kuti zotsatira, flexors ndi kumaliseche. The medial m'gulu palmaris brevis minofu minofu ya chala chaching'ono. Dama yochepa flexor wa ulusi kutsogolera ndi kubwereketsa. Mu gulu pakati pano vermicular, palmar ndi dorsal zinthu interosseous.

Table. Minofu ya miyendo chapamwamba

Tikukhulupirira zimene limafotokoza adzakhala zothandiza inu.