Mtima kupatsidwa zina mu Russia ndi dziko

Mwa kupatsidwa zina ziwalo zosiyanasiyana pafupipafupi ntchito ndi yokha mtima kumuika kupatsidwa zina aimpso. Ikani ntchito izi kawirikawiri, mchitidwe, kunatheka chifukwa patsogolo njira yosungira ziwalo, yokumba magazi aziyenda njira, yimitsira ntchito mankhwala amakono kukanidwa anachita. Mtima kumuika anachita pa siteji matenthedwe cha matenda ischemic matenda a mtima, cardiomyopathy ndi kulephera aakulu mtima, pamodzi aakulu matenda a mtima.

The zatsopano loyamba

analengedwa mu 1905 woyamba mtima kumuika pa khosi galu anali. Choncho ziwiya mtima chikugwirizana ndi malekezero a jugular mtsempha ndi carotid mtsempha wamagazi. M'tsogolo, komanso ntchito mtima kumuika mu pleural dera, m'chiuno ndi zina zotero. Mu 1941, NP Sinitsyn yatengedwa poyamba kumuika dziko la zina chule mtima. njira ya kupatsidwa zina orthotopic anayamba kupanga mu 1961. The mtima chinatha pa mlingo matenda, kenako malinga kumanzere kwa atria ndi interatrial septum sutured mwiniwake mtima, inatuluka mizu ya mwiniwake mtima msempha ndi mitsempha m'mapapo mwanga anastomosed (kuphatikiza) ndi mitengo ikuluikulu mtima.

Woyamba kuchipatala mtima kupatsidwa zina

Mu 1964, munthu amene anamwalira ndi infarction m'mnyewa wamtima, mtima dokotala ku America dzina lake James Hardy kuziika mtima wa nkhwere. Komabe, thupi anasiya ntchito pambuyo Mphindi 90 okha. A woyamba kuchipatala mtima allograft (kumuika amapatsirana) chitachitidwa ndi dokotala wina mu 1967, koma wodwala anafa masiku 17. Kenako, madokotala zipatala kunja anayamba ulendo okhaokha osonkhezera kuchita kupatsa zimenezi, koma zotsatira zambiri zinali mtima. Choncho, posachedwapa anakhala onse kumuika mtima anachita kamodzikamodzi. Iwo anali olumikizidwa pamodzi ndi makhalidwe zikuyenela mbali. Bwino kwambiri mtima kumuika chitachitidwa pa chipatala pa University Stanford (USA). Panopa, mu izi ndi zina zipatala zazikulu kupitiriza mwachangu kufufuza zina zabwino zosiyanasiyana mtima kupatsidwa zina, kuphatikizapo akufunafuna njira kukhala umoyo wa thupi, amene kale anasiya, nadzabwezeretsa contractile ake ntchito. Anapanga kafukufuku pa chitukuko cha mtima yokumba.

Mtima kupatsidwa zina mu Russia

Chifukwa cha kukana kawirikawiri mu dziko lathu kwa Mipingo ya atumwi wotsiriza, mtima kumuika pafupifupi sanapange. Koma pambuyo kuyambitsa mu 1980 za mankhwala "Tacrolimus" yochenjeza kukana ziwalo kuziika, mtima kupatsidwa zina chakhala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala zoweta. Choncho, choyamba bwino kumuika chitachitidwa ndi dokotala V. Shumakov mu 1987. Tsopano sayansi patsogolo, ndi wosangalatsa kwa opaleshoni nthawi tsopano wamba. Osati kale litali, mtima kumuika alamula kutero kuima ndi kulumikiza kulambalala mouzirira, ndipo tsopano dongosolo lonse ikuchitika ndi kumenyedwa mtima.