Mtundu - usunga zakale

Mu mabuku nthawi zambiri anasokoneza tisonyezeni mitundu gulu, mtundu ndi chitukuko. Terminology ndi mfundo chikutanthauza theoretically pang'ono ntchito. Coexists mitundu angapo zizindikiro za m'dera anthu. Koma ambiri amagwirizana pa chinthu chimodzi: fuko - gulu ndi ofanana ndi osangalatsa ku mibadwomibadwo bodza chiyambi chake. Kukhala kosavuta ntchito dongosolo mfundo, m'pofunika m'kagulu mawu akuti "chitukuko m'dera", "anthu", "mtundu", "mtundu". Zimafunika yaing'ono kusanthula chikhalidwe. Mtundu - gulu la wamng'ono kukula. Kucheza ndi, osiyanasiyana, angakhale m'gulu mtundu. Magulu angapo apitawa Chili maganizo "anthu." Ndipo potsiriza, pali chitukuko wamba. Nthawi zambiri boma. Kuti ndi kukatentha, limene mafuko anapanga.

Shirokogorov ndi Gumilev

Zikhalidwe, kwachilengedwenso dera unit zaziwerengero ndondomeko - amene apanga ku Zochita ziwiri amatanthauza mtundu. Ndi chiwerengero ndondomeko kugwirizana ndi zomwe zilipo (Shirokogorov), ndi mphamvu uyenderere (Gumilev).

Mitundu ya mafuko

Mtundu - makamaka gulu la anthu zochokera magazi ubale, amene anabadwira. Choncho, mu masiku oyambirira a m'dera anthu wosazindikira anasonkhanitsa mafuko. Kuyambira asapita awa pang'onopang'ono anapanga mtundu. Komanso, pa maziko mwangwiro Hrs ndi chitukuko cha zinthu chitukuko anapanga mtundu. Ambiri mwachindunji zikubweretsa kugwirizana kwa msewu akhoza kukhala ndendende zaziwerengero kuti maukwati anapangidwa magulu osiyana yaitali, moti chibadwa nthawi kukonza osati kufanana kunja, koma makhalidwe ambiri anafotokoza. Pamene mawonekedwe thupi, ndipo ponseponse, gulu foni akhoza kukhala bwino mitundu gulu. Pali amphamvu kudziletsa kuzindikira, dzina, ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri ankaimba ndi kulekana bwino alendo paokha. Phata zachikhalidwe cha anthu ichi - malo okwana maholide gulu, nthano, chinenero, miyambo, njira yonse ya moyo.

kukumbukira mibadwo

Information ayenera mosalekeza ndipo nthawi ukufalitsidwa kwa achikulire wamng'ono, kupitiriza kulimbikitsa ubale, ichi chokha adzaonetsetsa mtendere wa dongosolo yosiyanasiyana. Apo ayi, m'deralo wogawanika. Choncho, mtundu - makamaka ubale kwachilengedwenso (endogamy), miyambo ndi zochitika chikondwerero ngati mgwirizano chikhalidwe, chinenero, njira ya moyo ndi chuma, unanimity ndale.

Chiwerengero zinthu zitatu Pawokha kapena

mapangidwe ndyale zachokera mtundu, yolumikiza udindo ndi svyazuya mabungwe onse a anthu. Mawonekedwe ophweka ndale - fuko - limakula zovuta zambiri - boma komwe mtundu - ". Anthu" ndi mbali yaing'ono ya m'deralo, yomwe ife timaitcha Last mpaka maudindo onse ndi makalasi, ndi limakhudza mbali iliyonse. Iwo akhoza kuphatikiza monga chipembedzo (Orthodox anthu kapena chikale), ndi chikhalidwe boma. Mtundu ngati womangidwa ndi miyambo wamba ndi miyambo kapena ambiri gulu landale - izo zangokhala mmodzi wa mitundu anthu omwe anatchulidwa maganizo "anthu." Pali zofunika wamba mbiri ndi wamba chikhalidwe cha dziko. Chinthu chachikulu - kumvetsa kuti tsankho gulu, anthu (mtundu) ndi chitukuko - chodabwitsa akufotokozera zigawo zosiyana za anthu.