Ndi magulu a ziphatso galimoto ku Ukraine Kodi

Kwa zaka twente-faifi cha ufulu, laisensi Chiyukireniya galimoto lasintha ndithu, onse mu maonekedwe ndi angapo siyana. anthu ambiri amene anatenga choyamba mu manja a "ufulu" wa nyemba yatsopano, poyamba anataya zosiyanasiyana chifukwa. Ndipotu, zonse ndi yosavuta, tiyenera kumvetsa.

Heritage ndi modernity

malamulo magalimoto Ukraine anatengera pambuyo Soviet Union chinatha. Soviet Union membala Msonkhano wa mayiko Geneva pasanapite nthawi kuchokera kusaina, mu 1973.

Category galimoto chilolezo anali zikutsatiridwa mpaka 1991. Umakhala awo mwachizolowezi za "kabukhu kakang'ono" ndipo iwo anali anatengera Ukraine kale ngati boma palokha. zaka ziwiri pambuyo kugwa kwa Soviet mwakhama ntchito chiphaso, ndipo mu 1993, woyamba mwayi ziziyenda anayamba kupeza kutumphuka pa maziko pulasitiki.

Categories zaka zisanu zokha. A, B, C, D ndipo E. Iwo akhoza analandira mu Sai, anadutsa bwino. Certificate poyendetsa tramways, mathirakitala, trolleys ndi zipangizo zina anapatsidwa malo apadera maphunziro.

Mu 2008, Verkhovna Rada anaganiza kugwirizana malamulo dziko msewu wa European, kotero panali magulu atsopano, omwe ayankhidwa pansipa.

A1

Category galimoto mtundu chilolezo "A1" mu Ukraine inakhazikitsa pofuna kusamalira magalimoto awiri mawiro, injini mphamvu si choposa makumi asanu masentimita kiyubiki kapena mphamvu ya kilowatts inayi.

Mawu oyamba a luso ili walola mitima mpumulo owerenga ambiri msewu. chakuti scooters kale, mopeds ndi zina njira umenewu kulamulira aliyense, popanda zaka zokwanira kapena kudziwa malamulo magalimoto. Izi mwakhama ntchito ndi achinyamata. chiwerengero cha ngozi pa msewu wakula mochititsa mantha. Pambuyo oyamba a gulu miyezi yochepa chabe zinthu bwino

A

Category galimoto chilolezo mtundu "A" mu Ukraine inakhazikitsa pofuna kusamalira magalimoto awiri mawiro (kapena njinga zamoto ndi sidecar), injini mphamvu masentimita kiyubiki oposa makumi asanu kapena mphamvu ya kilowatts kuposa anayi.

Pansi njinga zamoto kugwa kwake, scooters ndi mopeds wamphamvu.

Ogwirizira a zikalata analandira isanafike 2008, mukhoza Sinthani ndi kutumphuka zamakono ndi anapeza zodziwikiratu kwa onse "A" ndi "A1" gulu popanda kufunika mtsukowo mayeso ena othandiza.

B1

layisensi Category galimoto mu "B1" mtundu wosindikiza Ukraine pofuna ntchito ATVs, tricycles, mkombero ndi galimoto zina zofanana. Kusiyana kokha kwa alipidwa "B" kwagona kuti kulemera kwa galimoto ayenera musalumphe makilogalamu 400.

M'misewu ya m'mizinda ikuluikulu ya zopalira zida oterewa tingawapeze kawirikawiri. mayunitsi ndi wotchuka kwambiri mu nkhalango, minda, m'misewu.

The

Wotchuka kwambiri ndi otchuka gulu la ziphatso galimoto ku Ukraine, monga "B" amapereka ufulu kuyendetsa galimoto yolemera matani atatu ndi theka chiwerengero cha anthu, kupatula dalaivala, kuchuluka kwa anthu eyiti.

Imagwera pa gulu la ambirimbiri magalimoto.

Ogwirizira a zikalata analandira isanafike 2008, mukhoza Sinthani ndi kutumphuka makono ndi anapeza basi monga gulu "B" ndi "B1" gulu popanda kufunika mtsukowo mayeso ena othandiza.

C1

Wotsatira anafotokoza siyana katundu wa ufulu mu Ukraine. Kufotokoza ali ndi matanthauzo awiri: "C1" ndi "C".

Gulu loyamba chimathandiza ulamuliro wa magalimoto ku makilogalamu 3500 kuti makilogalamu 7500.

C

Category ufulu ku Ukraine gulu "C" limakupatsani kusamalira magalimoto onse pa makilogalamu 7.500.

Apa ndi pamene zikuluzikulu chododometsa.

Chifukwa sungathe magalimoto aang'onoang'ono, ndi yekhayo m'gulu "C" ndipo ayenera analandira "C1", chifukwa kasamalidwe chomwecho, akhala chinsinsi.

Ogwirizira a zikalata analandira isanafike 2008, mukhoza Sinthani ndi kutumphuka makono ndi anapeza basi monga gulu "C" ndi "C1" gulu popanda kufunika mtsukowo mayeso ena othandiza.

D1

Ogwirizira a mtundu angathe kulamulira galimoto basi chiwerengero cha mipando okwana osati choposa sikisitini. Koma kawirikawiri gulu mu Ukraine. minibuses opanga kukhazikitsa analenga zawo zambiri kuposa mipando isanu kwa anthu. Wotchuka kwambiri "wothamanga" khumi mipando.

D

Ogwirizira a mtundu angathe kulamulira galimoto basi chiwerengero cha mipando okwana pa mayunitsi sikisitini.

KUKHALA, C1E, CE, D1E, DE

Madalaivala zifunika kutsegula gulu zina kwa wogwila, ngati mukufuna kunyamula katundu masekeli pa makilogalamu 750 pogwiritsa ntchito ngolo.

zaka kuyenerako

laisensi yoyendetsera ndi gulu lotseguka "A" ndi "A1" akhoza kuwapeza pa tsiku la khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi. "B", "B1", "C" ndi "C1" - ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu. «D» ndi «D1» - ndi zaka makumi awiri ndi chimodzi.

n'loonadi

N'loonadi ziphatso galimoto anasintha manja kangapo pa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zapitazi. Pa nthawi ya zikamera siyana watsopano wa iwo onse kutsegula kalekale. Kenako, ufulu anapereka kwa zaka fifite, ndiye makumi atatu.

Pakali pano, latsopano "nkhani bulauni" pa chitsanzo yosiyaniranapo. "A" ndi "A1" - zaka makumi awiri, magulu ena onse - khumi.

Categories ufulu pa thalakitala ku Ukraine

Popeza 2009, gulu la ufulu thalakitala kwambiri kusinthidwa. More wa iwo monga mmene zidutswa 7. Categories ufulu pa thalakitala mu mawu panopa motere:

A1 - mphamvu wagawo injini kuti 73,5 kilowatts;

A2 - mphamvu wagawo injini pa 73,5 kilowatts;

B - kudziona injini makina zaulimi;

C - injini magalimoto msewu;

D1 - anakumba zinthu zakale, ndowa ndi kuti kiyubiki mamita anayi;
D2 - excavator ndi chidebe mphamvu zoposa zinayi kiyubiki mamita;
E1 - handlers ndi injini kusamuka kwa zosakwana 142 kW;
E2 - galimoto, ndi buku oposa 142 kW injini;
F1 - graders okwana kulemera matani 18;
F2 - graders okwana kulemera matani oposa 18;
G1 - magalimoto okonzera, mphamvu ya injini ndi kuti 73,5 kilowatts;
G2 - magalimoto okonzera, mphamvu ya injini ndi kuti 73,5 kilowatts;
H - makina ena amene sali m'gulu gulu pamwambapa.