Ndi nkhani ziti? Tanthauzo la mawu limagwirira

Pali Mitundu yambiri ya prose Nkhani, lomwe ndi buku. Timasonkhana kwambiri nkhani zosiyana ndi nkhani yochepa, ndipo sindikuganiza kuti buku. Ndipo ngakhale kwambiri choncho, ngati izo zinachitika, ndipo pamene.

Tanthauzo la mawu. nthawi yatsoka

Kodi mawu "nkhani"? Izi mtundu wanyimbo Nkhani prose, kamodzi m'gulu ndalama ndakatulo mwa iwo okha. Novella amakhala ndi kalembedwe ndale yopatulika chiwembu lakuthwa ndi zazikulu, Nkhani zachidule, ndi denouement mosayembekezereka. Si kuwerenga maganizo. Nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito ponena za nkhaniyo. Nthawi zina, ndi wachifundo. Kumayambiriro kwa buku XIX m'ma amapezeka prose, mu Europe ndi America (paliponse). Zingamvekere buku, umene panthawi imeneyo anali adakali osauka, makamaka chidwi zinalili mu Russia.

Magwero a mtundu wanyimbo prose

Tanthauzo la mawu akuti "nkhani" ali kunayambira ku nthabwala, nthano ndi nthano. Kumasiyana ku nthabwala chiwembu mu buku iye ndi chimatsogoleredwa kapena zoopsa, osati azithunzithunzi. Si kumangiriza kapena nthano, monga nthano ya. Kuyambira nthano buku chifukwa analibe zinthu zamatsenga. Komabe, nthawi zina akadali zidzachitika, makamaka a kum'mawa ndi nkhani amaoneka kuti chinthu chodabwitsa.

Ngakhale mu Kubadwa Kwatsopano onse adadziwa kuti nkhani imeneyi. Tinali waonetsedwa kale mbali yake yeniyeni: ndi amazipotokola mwadzidzidzi tsoka mu moyo wa ngwazi ya zinthu zachilendo, pachimake nkhondo kwambiri. Monga Goethe analemba kuti: ". Novella - ndi zinachitika ndithu mwangozi"

Kumene, aliyense lothandiza zolembalemba anali ndi akapolo a mtundu wanyimbo wa amaonekera yake yapadera. Mu m'badwo wa Romanticism anali nkhani lachinsinsi la nkhani, anali kudzatunga mzere wa pakati pa chowonadi ndi nthano ( "The Sandman") sizingatheke.

Novella popanda kuwerenga maganizo ndi nzeru

Kwenikweni, kodi nkhaniyo? Pankhani imeneyi pali zambiri. Monga mwa nthawi zonse mu Zikatero, ngati chikamakula, amakhala mabvuto. Novella kupewedwa nzeru komanso sayansi pamaso ovomerezeka mu Kuzindikira mabuku. Kudziwa dziko lamkati la ngwazi zingakhale mwa ntchito zake komanso zochita. Buku sanali ofotokoza, wolemba sindinayambe ndafotokozapo maganizo ake.

Pamene ndinayamba kukhala Kuzindikira, ndi mtundu wanyimbo ndi zitsanzo zake zachikhalidwe pafupifupi mbisoweka. Koma Kuzindikira m'zaka za m'ma XIX sipangakhalenso popanda kuwerenga maganizo ndi logwirizana. Panthawi imeneyi buku aithamangitse zina mwa nkhani yochepa, pakati pawo malo oyamba ndi nkhani (makamaka Russia). Kwa nthawi yaitali panali nkhani monga ngati kankhani kakang'ono.

Kapangidwe ka buku la

Choncho, tinaganiza kuti buku limeneli - ndi mtundu wanyimbo waukulu ochepa ofotokozera prose. Olemba ntchito zimenezi zimatchedwa novelists, gulu lanyimbo yochepa - nkhani yochepa. Nkhani Tinanyamuka mawonekedwe zopeka, monga kuyenera buku kapena nkhani. Novella gawo la wowerengeka Mitundu m'kamwa ofotokozera za nkhaniyo. Nkhani ali storyline chimodzi chokha (ndi pamaso pa vuto) ndi Anthu angapo (poyerekeza ndi njira zambiri Nkhani).

Kapangidwe ka buku motere: chiwembu, kukwaniritsidwa ndi denouement. Romance chiyambi cha m'ma XIX, kusirira buku zosayembekezereka kusintha kwa zinthu. Iwo amakopeka ndi sharpness ndi chiwembu zina zazikulu.

Mu nkhani za ena olemba Tingaone cyclization. Pano pali chitsanzo omveka. Short nkhani lofalitsidwa mu magaziniyo a. Kenako anasonkhanitsa pa nyengo zina za ntchito lofalitsidwa ndi buku, chifukwa mu lanyimbo yochepa.