Net pano mtengo - mawerengedwe a ndalama

Makampani Ambiri sagona tulo ndi chilakolako pofuna kudziwa njira yabwino kwambiri kuchepetsa ndalama chiopsezo ndi kudzapeza phindu kwaiye. Komabe, m'pofunika kokha kuonjezera kulemba zachuma. Net pano mtengo adzalola cholinga zambiri tione nkhani zachuma. Koma ndi chiyani icho?

ndalama

Tisanafotokoze mukambirane nkhani monga mtengo ukonde pano, muyenera kuthana ndi mfundo mtumiki. Zabwino ndalama (utuluke ndalama) ndi ndalama kuti abwere mu malonda (chidwi analandira malonda revenues ku m'matangadza, mgwirizano, zam'tsogolo, etc.). Wachisoni otaya (ie ndalama) akuimira ndalama kuti zichokera kwa kampani bajeti (malipiro, kugula ndi misonkho). Net mtengo pano (mtheradi ukonde otaya ndalama) Ndipotu, akuimira kusiyana pakati pa mafunde mthunzi ndi chenicheni. Ndi mtengo uwu kubwezera funso lofunika kwambiri ndi chidwi kwambiri zokhudza ntchito iliyonse: "? Ndalama zingati mu dzanja" Kuonetsetsa zazikulu chitukuko malonda amafuna zochita za malangizo a ndalama yaitali.

Mafunso za ndalama

Net mtengo pano n'zogwirizana osati ndi masamu, komanso khalidwe lokonda ndalama. Komanso, kamvedwe ka nkhani iyi si monga yapafupi, ndipo maziko makamaka chinthu maganizo. Musanayambe aganyali ndalama mu ntchito, muyenera kudzifunsa mafunso angapo zoyambirira:

- ngati Polojekiti yatsopanoyi udzakhala ndakuwonetserani, ndi liti?

- Mwina tiyenera aganyali ntchito ina?

Khoka pano mtengo wa ndalama tiziiona kulingana ndi nkhani zina, monga utuluke zoipa ndi zabwino ntchito ndi zimakhudza awo pa ndalama koyamba.

kayendedwe kakatundu

Cash otaya ndi ntchito. katundu wa kampani ndi kutengedwa monga kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama komanso chuma ndi ngongole - monga magwero. Chomaliza mankhwala mu nkhani iyi - ndi ya chuma mapulani ntchito, ndalama zopangira, omwe amalipidwa pamapeto pake ndalama. Khoka pano mtengo kuganizira ndi kayendedwe ka utuluke ndalama.

ndi NPV ndi chiyani?

anthu ambiri amene ali ndi chidwi zachuma, ndalama, chuma ndi malonda, anakumana chidule izi. Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani? NPV amayimira NET PANOPA MUZILEMEKEZA, ndi anamasuliridwa kuti "ukonde phindu pano". Iwo masamu ndi mwachidule za revenues kuti kampani adzakhala kupanga pa ntchito, ndipo mtengo wa ndalama pa polojekitiyo. Ndiye kuchuluka kwa ndalama ndi deducted kwa ndalama. Ngati chifukwa cha phindu mawerengedwe ndi HIV, ndiye polojekiti imatengedwa ngati kopindulitsa. Ndizachidziwikire kuti khokalo pano mtengo - chizindikiro cha kaya ntchito adzakhala kupanga ndalama kapena ayi. revenues onse m'tsogolo ndi ndalama ali Kuchotsera pa mlingo yoyenera chidwi.

Features wa kuwerengetsa ukonde phindu pano

Net pano mtengo - ndi kuona ngati ntchito za ndalama zoposa mtengo ntchito pa izo. Chiyerekezo mtengo wa muyeso ndi kuyembekezera mitengo ya utuluke ndalama kwaiye polojekiti. M'pofunika kuganizira zofuna za ndalama ndi chakuti utuluke izi zikhoza kukhala ochita malonda pa kuphana katundu.

discounting

The pano mtengo ukonde mawerengedwe imagwiridwa zochokera utuluke ndalama Kuchotsera pamlingo wolingana ndi mwayi mtengo wa kupatula. Kodi mlingo sikhala adzabweranso pa sheya ndi wofanana ndi chiopsezo chomwecho, ndi lomwe lili polojekiti funso. Pa anayamba misika katundu katundu chimodzimodzi chiopsezo msinkhu, ndi kuonanso kuti akufotokozera pa iwo ndi mlingo chomwecho adzabweranso. Mtengo pa zomwe nawo ndalama ya ndalama ya polojekiti kulipeza mlingo wa kubwerera pa ndalama analandira mwa discounting wasefukira pa mtengo salisiyanitsa kuti ndalama mwayi.

Khoka pano mtengo wa polojekiti ndi katundu

Pali zinthu zingapo zofunika za njira ntchito yayendera. Net pano mtengo walola kuti asa- ndalama zochokera muyezo maximizing kufunika okwana, umene ulipo kwa ndalama ndi ma sheya hoda. muyezo ili ndi loti ankayendetsa zachuma ndi ndalama ngati ntchito zotolera ndalama ndi likulu, komanso mayikidwe awo. njira ino tikukamba ndalama ndalama, amene anazindikira ndalama mu nkhani ya banki pa nthawi yomweyo kunyalanyaza ndalama akkauntingovymi osonyezedwa m'mabuku kulongosola. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti khokalo pano mtengo wa mtengo wa ntchito zina za ndalama ndalama. Chinthu china chofunika ndi subordination mfundo za zowonjezera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti n'zotheka kuganizira ntchito zonse mu kuchuluka, komanso aliyense payekha ndi Uwerenge zigawo zonse adzakhala wofanana ndi mtengo okwana polojekiti.

The chizindikiro cha mtengo panopa

Net pano mtengo zimadalira mtengo wa index zikusinthira (PV). Iwo limanenedwa ngati mtengo wa otaya ndalama m'tsogolo, kutanthauza tsiku ndi discounting. The mawerengedwe a mtengo ukonde pano zambiri zikuphatikizapo mawerengedwe a mtengo panopa index lapansi. Pezani phindu zingakhale losavuta chilinganizo, limene limafotokoza zotsatirazi ntchito ndalama: Kugawilidwa kwanthaka ndalama, malipiro, alipire ndi chotupa-ndalama alipire la:

PV = FV / (1 + r Mukhoza).

kumene r Mukhoza - ndi chiwongola dzanja ndi, ndilo dipo loyenera kulipira ndalama anabwereka;

PV - ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama zimene zakonzedwa kuti akomere mfundo za malipiro, kukhwima, alipire;

FV - ndi kuchuluka chofunika ngongoleyo, womwenso kuchuluka yoyambirira ya ngongole, kuphatikiza chidwi.

The mawerengedwe a mtengo ukonde pano

Kuyambira panopa mtengo index akhoza kupita NPV mawerengedwe. Monga tanena ukonde pano mtengo - kusiyana pakati pa otaya Kuchotsera wa inflows m'tsogolo ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama okwana (C).

NPV = FV * 1 / (1 + r Mukhoza) -C

kumene FV - Uwerenge revenues onse m'tsogolo ku ntchitoyo;

r Mukhoza - zokolola;

C - okwana ya ndalama zonse.