Njinga wagawo - ndichiyani?

Njinga kapena galimoto unit gulu ulusi amene innervated ndi motoneuron a. Kuchuluka ulusi a pachikhalidwe chomwecho, zingasiyane malingana ndi ntchito minofu. Kayendedwe ang'onoang'ono amatipatsa, ang'onoang'ono galimoto unit ndi khama zochepa M'pofunika malemeredwe ake.

Njinga mayunitsi: gulu lawo.

Mu kuphunzira nkhani imeneyi ndi yofunika. Kodi mfundo imene aliyense wagawo galimoto akhoza yodziwika. Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa sayansi, limatchula i awiri:

• kuchepetsa liwiro pomvera likhale chizindikiro;
• kutopa liwiro.

Choncho, pamaziko a zolozerazi, mitundu itatu ya mayunitsi galimoto akhoza kuwasiyanitsa.

1. Pang'onopang'ono, osatopa. minyewa zawo zili zambiri myoglobin, amene ali kuyandikana kwambiri oxygen. Minofu kuti ali zambiri manyuroni pang'onopang'ono galimoto amatchedwa wofiira chifukwa cha mtundu wawo yeniyeni. Iwo ayenera kukhala kaimidwe anthu ndi kulisunga bwino.
2. Quick, matayala. Minofu imeneyi ndi wokhoza kuchita zambiri mabala mu nthawi yochepa. Yapamwamba iwo ali kwambiri chuma mphamvu imene kudzera mwa phosphorylation zobwera chifukwa cha okosijeni akhoza zopezera mamolekyulu wa ATP.
3. Fast, kugonjetsedwa ndi kutopa. ulusi amenewa ali mitochondria pang'ono, ndipo ATP popangidwa ndi pogawanikana pamawere la tinthu shuga. minofu zimenezi zimatchedwa woyera chifukwa alibe myoglobin.

The mayunitsi a mtundu woyamba

The zosagwiritsa unit wa mtundu woyamba kapena pang'onopang'ono neutomlyaemaya, limapezeka nthawi zambiri mu minofu zikuluzikulu. motoneurons oterowo otsika malemeredwe pakhomo ndi liwiro mopupuluma mitsempha. Chapakati selo mitsempha outgrowth kudwala gawo yake nthambi ndi CHIKWANGWANI yaing'ono innervates gulu. Pafupipafupi kukha kubwera kwa mayunitsi pang'onopang'ono galimoto - kuchokera nyemba zisanu mpaka khumi pa mphindi. Motoneuron angathandizire kayimbidwe kotani oterowo ndi makumi angapo Mphindi.

Mphamvu ndi liwiro kuchepetsa mayunitsi galimoto ya mtundu woyamba ndi theka nthawi zosakwana zina mayunitsi galimoto. Chifukwa cha ichi - kusakumvekamveka ATP ndi zotuluka wozengereza ayoni kashiamu mu Kakhungu akunja selo kumangidwa kwa troponin.

The mayunitsi a mtundu wachiwiri

The zosagwiritsa unit wa mtundu uwu ali ndi lalikulu galimoto-neurone ndi axons wakuda ndi yaitali kuti innervate gulu lalikulu ulusi minofu. maselo mitsempha awa ali pakhomo apamwamba malemeredwe ndi mkulu liwiro la zikhumbo mitsempha.

Pa voteji pazipita minofu, mitsempha zimachitika pafupipafupi kungakhale kwa masekondi makumi asanu. Koma motoneuron sangathe kukhala nthawi yaitali conduction mathamangidwe mofulumira wotopa. Mphamvu ndi mlingo wa kuchepetsa ulusi minofu ya mtundu wachiwiri kuposa wina m'mbuyomu, kuyambira kuchuluka kwa myofibrils m'menemo kwambiri. ulusi muli michere ambiri kuphwanya shuga koma zochepa kwa mayitirokondiriyoni mapuloteni myoglobin ndi magazi zotengera.

Mayunitsi a mtundu wachitatu

The zosagwiritsa unit wa mtundu wachitatu ndi kusala kudya, koma kugonjetsedwa kutopa Ulusi minofu. Malinga ndi makhalidwe ake kuyenera kufunika wapakatikati pakati pa mtundu woyamba ndi mayunitsi galimoto chachiwiri. ulusi minofu minofu amphamvu, kudya ndi lolimba. Kwa kupanga mphamvu akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira aerobic ndi anaerobic.

Chiŵerengero ulusi kudya ndi wodekha ndi chibadwa anatsimikiza ndi siyana anthu osiyana. N'chifukwa chake munthu ali wabwino pa mtunda wautali athamanga, munthu mosavuta chililaka wa mamitala zana ndinagonjetsa, ndipo munthu zambiri yosayenera weightlifting.

Reflex kwa mavuto ndi owononga minyewa dziwe

Pamene mutambasula iliyonse minofu CHIKWANGWANI msanga poyamba kuyankha. manyuroni awo kupanga kukha kwa nyemba khumi pa mphindi. Ngati minofu kuti apitirize kukhala kutambasula, opangidwa zimachitika pafupipafupi chidzachulukira mpaka fifite. Izi zidzapangitsa kuti kuchepetsa mayunitsi galimoto ya mtundu wachitatu ndi kuonjezera minofu mphamvu tenfold. Pa zina anatambasula kulumikiza galimoto ulusi mtundu wachiwiri. Izi ndidzachulukitsa minofu mphamvu kumbuyo mu nthawi zinai kapena zisanu.

The zosagwiritsa unit wa minofu umalamulidwa ndi manyuroni galimoto. Zogwiritsira maselo mitsempha amene amapanga minofu, wotchedwa owononga minyewa dziwe. Mu dziwe wina akhoza kukhala imodzi kuchokera manyuroni osiyana, kusonyezedwa Mkhalidwe ndi kachulukidwe, mayunitsi galimoto. Chifukwa cha ichi, mbali ya ulusi minofu m'gulu ntchito pa imodzi ndi kufika kuti kumaonjezera mavuto ndi liwiro zikhumbo mitsempha.

"Mfundo ya mtengo"

The zosagwiritsa unit wa minofu, malingana ndi mtundu wake, yafupika kokha pamene ena pakhomo katundu. Kayendesedwe malemeredwe stereotyped galimoto mayunitsi: choyamba yafupika manyuroni chabwino galimoto, zikhumbo mitsempha ndiye pang'onopang'ono kufika lalikulu. chitsanzo pakati pa zaka mazana makumi awiri anawona Edvud Henneman. Iye ananena kuti "mfundo za makhalidwe abwino."

Brown ndi Bronk zaka pafupifupi kale lofalitsidwa ntchito zawo pa kuphunzira mfundo za ntchito zosiyanasiyana mayunitsi akulu. Amafika poganiza kuti pali njira ziwiri kulamulira chidule ulusi minofu. The woyamba - ndi kuonjezera pafupipafupi zikhumbo mitsempha ndi zina - kuchita ndondomeko ya mmene ndingathere chiwerengero cha manyuroni galimoto.