Nkhani pa ntchito ya Pushkin. Nkhani yaikulu zilandiridwenso

Tsogolo chachikulu tingachipeze powerenga AS Pushkin anabadwa pa June 6, 1799. Iwo anangochita chinachake zikuluzikulu chochitika, lomwe m'tsogolo kusindikiza pa mabuku lonse Russian. Kuyambira kulemba nkhani pa ntchito ya Pushkin, tisaiwale kuti ndakatulo tsogolo anabwera kuchokera ku banja losauka mfulu, amene mizu pachibwenzi ku ulamuliro Ioanna Groznogo ndi Peter I. agogo ake anali Arap Petra Ine, Abram Petrovich Hannibal.

Nkhani pa ntchito ya Pushkin

Pushkin anabadwa mu nthawi ya otchedwa Francophile pamene onse anthu apamwamba amalankhula French, ndi ana anayesanso kum'tenga anamkungwi French. Alexander Pushkin analeredwa makhalidwe amenewa, choncho mapangidwe Mfalansa nawo. Komabe, zofunika za aphunzitsi ake anakhala agogo MA Hannibal ndipo irreplaceable wantchito Arina. Mu nthawi ya zaka kuyambira 1805 kuti 1810, Pushkin anakhala chilimwe chilichonse nawo Moscow m'mudzi Zakharov.

ubwana

Mnyamatayo akamakula mphatso. Anayamba kuwerenga, ndipo anali ndi chidwi mabuku ndi nzeru pa zaka 9 kuwerenga laibulale yonse ya bambo ake. amalume ake, wotchuka ndakatulo Pushkin, anafika ku St. Petersburg, anaona luso mzukulu wake, ndi kudzera AI Turgenev anapanga mnyamata Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. Mu 1811 Pushkin anayamba kuphunzira kumeneko, ndipo kwa zaka 6 Iye wapanga wapadera ndakatulo kalembedwe. Pakuti ndakatulo 16 wazaka anamusilira iye mwini "wachikulire" Derzhavin. Pushkin m'gulu bwalo zolembalemba "Arzamas".

moyo pambuyo ntchito ya Pushkin

Nditamaliza maphunziro a sekondale mu 1817, wolemba ndakatulo amapita ku ntchito College of Affairs okhonda. Koma utumiki ndi zinthu pang'ono, iye ali chinkhoswe mu moyo yolembedwa St. Petersburg, ndi zolembalemba ndi ed anthu otchedwa "Green Kuwala". Mitu ya Pushkin pa nthawi ino zosiyana, monga kwambiri ufulu kukoma ndakatulo ndi epigrams lakuthwa. Yaikulu ya ntchito zake zinali ndakatulo "Ruslan ndi Lyudmila" (1820).

mphamvu kuti tidasiya zonse opanda chidwi ndi Pushkin anatumizidwa kuchokera likulu, mu Caucasus. Pambuyo anapita Kishinev, Odessa, akukumana ndi anzake (mtsogolo Decembrists). Pa zaka analemba ntchito "Mkaidi wa Caucasus (1821)," The Kasupe wa Bakhchisarai "(1823)," Nyimbo ya anzeru Oleg "ndi" The Mkaidi ", ndipo atuluka kulemba" Eugene Onegin "ndakatulo buku.

Nkhani pa ntchito ya Pushkin sangathe akomere olemera kulenga mbiri yonse ya namatetule wamkulu uyu, koma zochitika zofunika kwambiri akadali ofunika ponena.

Pambuyo South kulumikiza izo ku ukapolo mu banja malo Mikhailovskoye (amati chifukwa akangana ndi Chiwerengero Mikhail Vorontsov). Atate a ndakatulo iyi anauzidwa kuti kusamalira mwana wawo, koma anatsatira pambuyo ndi kukangana ndi bambo ake. Panthawi imeneyi, Pushkin analemba ndi kutitengera ndakatulo "Majipise", ndakatulo "Kuti Nyanja" akupitiriza "Evgeniya Onegina" ndipo akuyamba tsoka "Boris Godunov".

Kupanduka wa Decembrists ndi kukumana ndi Natalie

Nkhani pa ntchito ya Pushkin ayenera muli ndi chakuti mu December, panali zipolowe za Decembrists. Pushkin poona kuti Anzake ambiri ananyongedwa kapena ku Siberia. Tsar Nicholas Ine pambuyo kucheza ndi ndakatulo iyi Pushkin amalola kukhala kumene akufuna, koma tsopano mfumu anakhala m'Chibama kwa akuluakulu wake.

Mu 1928 iye anagwa mchikondi ndi Pushkin ndi Natalie Goncharova anayamba kufunafuna dzanja lake. Mu 1830, iye anali kupeza chilolezo ake, koma kugwa kwa probate anapita Boldin ndi aakulu kumeneko kwa miyezi itatu chifukwa kwaokha za kolera. Panthawi imeneyi analemba nthano ndi ntchito za "Belkin", "Ziwanda", "Mavuto Little", etc.

zomvetsa chisoni

Pushkin banja ankakhala m'malo bwino. Anali ndi ana anayi, ndipo chotero iwo anali kuthandiza mkazi ndi alongo ake. Mangawa anasonkhanitsa mofulumira kwambiri, Pushkin anakakamizika anagona zodzikongoletsera nyumba, thandizo chithandizo boma ndipo motero womangidwa yekha kwa ntchito za bwalo.

Mu 1835 wachita buku "Contemporary" magazini, amafuna kukhala mu dziko, koma mkazi wake akukana kwa izo.

Atatsala pang'ono Pushkin atamva mphekesera zokhudza madalitso kwa Natalie Georges d'Anthes, choncho, kuteteza ulemu mkazi wake, anali kukuwa kuti duel a. Ndi kuwombera koyamba Pushkin n'kufa. Iye anafa pa wake St. Petersburg nyumba February 10, 1837. Ndipo anaikidwa m'manda mu Svyatogorsk ansembe yotchedwa (5 Km from m'mudzi wa St. Michael dera Pskov). Mofulumira ndi ridiculously anathetsa moyo ndi ntchito ya Pushkin.