Nyama Forest kutchulidwa Red Book of Russia: chithunzi ndi kufotokozera

Mogwirizana ndi mofulumira mu zaka posachedwapa zinthu zambiri nyama ndi zomera chofunika kukhwimitsa mwadzidzidzi kuwapulumutsa. Ngakhale kuti nyama kutchulidwa Red Book of Russia, kukuteteza wapadera wa boma, chiwerengero cha anthu ena a iwo anapitiriza kutha.

The zifukwa mofulumira nyama

Izi ndi vuto mayiko ambiri. Complete mofulumira mitundu yambirimbiri ya nyama padziko lathuli ndi nkhawa yaikulu ya anthu oteteza zachilengedwe. Chifukwa chachikulu zodabwitsazi akuti ndi kuphwanya bwino zachilengedwe chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa malo, omwe ali zingawononge dziko nyama.

Iwo ali ndi udindo waukulu ndi consumerist mtima wa munthu ndi chilengedwe. Poaching kwachititsa kwambiri utachepa anthu a mitundu ya nyama ndi ena a iwo zinafa kalekale. Dziko lathu - yotero. Iwo ali pafupi kutha ndi nyama kutchulidwa Red Book of Russia (ponena za osowa ambiri a iwo wapatsidwa m'nkhani ino).

The Red Book of Russia

Komanso la International Red Book, chikalata analengedwa mu Russia mu 2001. Lili deta pa zokhudzana ndi kufalitsa nyama kawirikawiri ndi zomera mu gawo la dziko lathu, chikhalidwe chawo, ndi miyeso chitetezo. The Red Book - ndi chikumbutso kwa momwe chitetezo chirengedwe chonse wathu. Kuwonjezera moyo wawo ndi kudula kunkhalango ndi ngalande achinyontho, ayenera Musaiwale anthu amene ayandikira. Bola ngati ichi ndi chokhacho boma chikalata, amene ali limagwirira chitetezo cha zinyama ndi zomera.

chakuti khama la anthu osunga ziziyenda zinthu, anati kuti ena zomera ndi nyama kutchulidwa Red Book of Russia, mndandanda enaake kuikidwa pa masamba ake wobiriwira kuwadziwitsa za zinyama ndi zomera kuti ndalilaka mfundo kuweruza kuchepetsa chiwerengero.

Komabe, zatsala pang'ono kutha wa nyama dziko wathu ndi kwambiri.

aurochs

nyama zamphamvu mpaka mamita awiri ndi masekeli zina makilogalamu oposa zikwi anali pafupi kwathunthu zinawonongedwa zakutchire kuti chiyambi cha m'ma lomaliza. Awerenge chiwerengero cha anthu anali yekha m'malo osungira mu Europe. Zimenezi zayamba chifukwa nkhalango, ambiri a m'midzi anthu mu malo a njati, komanso kusaka mwakayakaya.

Koma poyamba izi nyama yamphamvu ndi zokongola Nthawi zambiri osati m'nkhalango, komanso mipata lotsegula, anakhalabe mu Caucasus ndi Bialowieza Forest mu 20s mu Russia njati Pamapeto pake awonongedwe anthu opha nyama. Maziko kuswana zitsulo yekha ali ukapolo umodzi munthu (kumalo osungira, nurseries ndi T. D.).

Ngakhale kuti masiku ano njati - nyama kutchulidwa Red Book of Russia, anthu awo ndi ochepa, ndi iwo ali pangozi.

Amur nyalugwe

Izi mwina mphaka waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse. Thupi lake ukufika mamita 3 m'litali. Animal kulemera ndi pafupifupi 300 makilogalamu. The Amur kambuku ali ndi kukana wapadera ozizira, kukonza rookery awo mu chisanu ndi kukhala kumeneko ndithu nthawi yaitali. Nyama imeneyi wakonda makamaka m'nkhalango otsetsereka ndi outcrops miyala, ndi mosavuta kuonekera madera ozungulira.

Anthu a Primorsky Gawo, kokhala ndi mdani woopsa kumulambira. M'chinenero chawo iwo amachitcha "Amba" Amur nyalugwe, kutanthauza "chachikulu". Komabe, izi si adzaupulumutsa chithe. Ngakhale m'zaka za m'ma XIX, ngati nyama zina zonse za m'nkhalango, kutchulidwa Red Book of Russia, ndi Amur nyalugwe anali ochuluka kwambiri chiwerengero cha anthu mitundu wamoyo. Koma nkhalango, kusalankhula kuwombera, poaching anatsogolera chakuti kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma otsiriza, nyama zimenezi zinali kokha mu ngodya akutali kwambiri a m'dera limeneli. Ndiyeno panali zosaposa 50 payekha.

Lero, chifukwa cha zokometsera zachilengedwe Akhapfundziswa Amur nyalugwe anthu mu Russia achuluka kwambiri. Tsopano m'dziko lathu pali pafupifupi 450 anthu.

Ussuri shrew

Zakhala likunena kuchepekela zaposachedwapa ndi chiwerengero cha shrew chiphona. nthumwi za banja shrew ndi lalikulu - mpaka masentimita 10.

Makamaka amakhala mu deciduous kapena nkhalango wosanganiza, kum'mwera kwa Primorye. Nyama zimenezi m'gulu la Red Book of Russia, amakonda nkhalango, amene m'zigwa mtsinje ndi osafikiridwa ndi kudula mitengo kapena moto. Kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha mitundu anakhudzidwa Mbali shrews kubereka kamodzi pa dzinja lonse. Mpaka pano, asayansi akhala akuchita kukhazikitsa kugonana chiŵerengero, ndi chiwerengero cha pups pa zinyalala. The zakudya chachikulu cha chimphona shrew mmwamba, nyongolotsi, amene angathe kuchotsa ngakhale ku dothi wandiweyani kwambiri.

Amur nyalugwe mphaka

Woopsayu wamawangamawanga mdani zimenezi mpaka 1 mita, uli ndi zinthu zapadera: aliyense osiyana chapadera pa chovala, ndipo mphumi chowala ndi mdima mikwingwirima. Animal amakhala makamaka kum'mwera kwa Asia ndi ku Primorsky Gawo.

Amur mphaka anachita kuchepa anthu mu yodula mitengo, moto ndi zochita za anthu ena. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu chifukwa lero kutha mitundu ina. M'gulu la Red Book of Russia, iwo mwayi kusunga anthu awo. Choncho, chiwerengero cha anthu a Amur mphaka posachedwapa kunakulanso.

Sakhalin nswala musk

Ndi kakang'ono ngakhale-toed ungulates wa banja nswala, amene lero komanso pangozi. anthu awo wathetsedwa zikuchepa kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma lomaliza. chiwerengero cha mtundu uwu lero si zoposa 650 anthu ndi amamuchititsa ndichepe, kotero kukhwimitsa chitetezo ndi iwo ali kwambiri.

Nyama zimenezi m'gulu la Red Book of Russia (chithunzi angapezeke mu nkhani iyi), moyo makamaka mu nkhalango coniferous, yomwe ili m'mapiri Chilumba cha Sakhalin. M'malo nyanga amuna ndi sableobraznye canines, amene kutalika ndi 10 cm. Musk nswala amatha kuchita awiri mita danga kudumpha.

kadzidzi nsomba

Thupi kutalika yaikulu mu Russia akadzidzi kungakhale kwa masentimita 70. Komanso akazi zikuluzikulu pang'ono kuposa amuna. Amakhala nsomba kadzidzi ku malo okhala anthu ankaona kuti akakhale ku nkhalango wosanganiza ili pafupi ndi nyanja ndi mitsinje, wolemera mu nsomba. Pofunafuna nyama, kawirikawiri amakhala pa mwala waukulu, n'kuyamba m'madzi. kadzidzi kuwona nsomba, swoops pansi ndipo nthawi yomweyo amapulumutsira izo kuchokera mmadzi. Chakudya mbalame zimenezi amakhalanso nsomba zazinkhanira, achule amene amadziona kuti miyendo pansi pa dziwe. Nsomba kadzidzi ndi osachepera ambiri nyama nkhalango kutchulidwa Red Book of Russia, akufunikira chitetezo, mwachitsanzo. A. chiwerengero cha anthu akhala likunena ikuchepa.

Nyalugwe Far East

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa oimira banja mphaka, ndi pafupi kutha. Habitat malo okhala ake ndi dera kum'mwera kwa Primorsky Krai, amene panopa kuzindikiridwa palibe anthu oposa 50.

Far East (kapena Amur) kambuku ali zina poyerekeza ndi achibale ena. ubweya wake imasiyana kwambiri malingana ndi nyengo. Ngati m'chilimwe ali mtundu yowala ndi kutalika pazipita masentimita 2.5, ndiye yozizira ukufika 6-7 masentimita ndipo mbandakucha. Wokongola ubweya anali mmodzi mwa zifukwa kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha nyama. Near nkhalango, kunyumba kwa akambuku Amur zili m'midzi, minda, ndi ichi amalenga yabwino kwa anthu opha nyama. Aonongedwa phindu akambuku osati kokha, komanso nyama zina zambiri za m'nkhalango, kutchulidwa Red Book of Russia.

Chakudya chakudya cha Amur nyalugwe amapanga nswala, amene manambala kuthengo utachepa. Milandu pamene eni minda nswala kupha ogwirira kuti kuyendayenda mu dera lawo pofuna chakudya.

Chifukwa cha yogwira ntchito anthu zachuma ikuchitika Far East kuyambira mu 1970 mpaka 1983., Area malo wa Amur kambuku ali anatsika ndi oposa 80%. Today msonkhano wapadera miyeso kuteteza zachilengedwe umalimbana, pofuna kuteteza nyama zoyenera kukopa anthu padziko lapansi ndi kuonjezera chiwerengero cha anthu a Amur kambuku.

Dziko nyama zimasintha. Choncho, mndandanda, mindandanda, nyamazi kutchulidwa Red Book of Russia lero akhoza kukhala angapo zaka kuyang'ana osiyana. Ndikufuna kukhulupirira kuti mitundu ya zinyama pafupi kutha, adzakhala mu masamba obiriwira kwa bukuli.