Obsessive syndrome: Zizindikiro ndi mankhwala. Kodi obsessive-zinazake syndrome?

Pakali pano, atatu mwa akulu zana ndi awiri mwa ana mazana asanu ndi matendawa syndrome wachisokonezo obsessive-zinazake. matenda ichi, chimene chimafuna chithandizo kuvomerezedwa. Kupeza zizindikiro ACS, izo zimayambitsa yatsoka ndi chithandizo chosiyanasiyana.

ACS ndi chiyani?

Obsessive-zinazake syndrome (kapena matenda) - nthawi zonse kubwereza maganizo omwewo obsessive ndi musanaganizire (kapena) Zochita (miyambo). Matenda amatchedwa obsessive-zinazake matenda.

Dzina la matenda anadza kuchokera mawu awiri Latin:

• yonse, lomwe limatanthauza kuzinga, anatseka misewu, ndi misonkho;
• kukakamizidwa - kukakamiza, kuthamanga, kudzikonda choletsa.

Madokotala ndi asayansi achita chidwi ndi vuto la obsessive-zinazake matenda m'zaka XVII:

• E. Barton anafotokoza mantha obsessive imfa mu 1621.
• Philippe Pinel imachitika kafukufuku m'munda wa obsessions mu 1829.
• Ivan Balinskii anayambitsa tanthawuzo la "maganizo intrusive" mu mabuku Russian pa maganizo, ndi zina zotero.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku panopa, syndrome obsessive amakhala ngati gwero lachisokonezo, kuti si matenda m'njira koona kwa mawu.

Obsessive-zinazake syndrome akhoza ankaimira schematically monga akuyambira awa amapezeka: obsessions (maganizo intrusive) - masautso maganizo (nkhawa, mantha) - compulsions (compulsions) - mpumulo wa kanthawi kochepa, kenako kachiwiri.

mitundu ya ACS

Malinga zizindikiro m'munsili wa syndrome obsessive ndi a mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

1. Obsessive-phobic syndrome. Yodziwika ndi pamaso pa yekha malingaliro obsessive kapena nkhawa, mantha, kukayikira kuti sikumachititsa kuti kanthu zina. Mwachitsanzo, rethinking zonse zochitika m'mbuyomu. Komanso angasonyeze monga matenda mantha.
2. Obsessive-convulsive syndrome - pamaso pa zochita zinazake. Iwo akhoza kugwirizana ndi malangizo a dongosolo kutsatira chokhalitsa kapena ngozi. Ndi nthawi miyambo izi zingatenge maola angapo tsiku ndi nthawi kudya. Kawirikawiri mwambo akhoza smenivatsya ena.
3. syndrome obsessive-phobic limodzi ndi convulsive, ndiye pali obsessions (maganizo) ndi zochita.

ACS malingana ndi nthawi chitukuko kungakhale:

• episodic;
• mwapang'onopang'ono;
• aakulu.

Zifukwa obsessive syndrome

Akatswiri musataye Yankho vuto obsessive akhoza kuoneka chifukwa chilichonse. Pa nthawi imeneyi pali maganizo oti zina kwachilengedwenso ndi maganizo kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha ACS.

zifukwa Tizilombo:

• chibadwa;
• zotsatira za kuvulala ubongo zoopsa;
• zosokonezeka mu ubongo pambuyo matenda opatsirana;
• pathologies ya ubongo;
• kusokonezeka kwa manyuroni;
• kuchepetsa mlingo wa serotonin, norepinephrine ndi dopamine mu ubongo.

mavuto a maganizo:

• banja wopsinjika;
• okhwima maphunziro maganizo (mwachitsanzo, achipembedzo);
• zochitika lalikulu nkhawa;
• wopsinjika ntchito;
• amphamvu sensibility (mwachitsanzo, pachimake akamva uthenga zoipa).

Amene anakhudzidwa ndi ACS?

A chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda obsessive anthu m'banja amene kale anakumana Zikatero - kumakhala kutengera za kumtundu. Ndiko kuti, ngati banja munthu ndi matenda a ACS, mwayi ndi ana ake yomweyo adzakhala ndi gwero lachisokonezo chomwecho, kuyambira atatu peresenti zisanu ndi ziwiri.

ACS komanso sachedwa mtundu zotsatirazi umunthu:

• kwambiri sindinkakhulupirira anthu;
• pofuna kusunga zonse m'manja mwawo;
• anthu ndi mbiri ya zoopsa mwana, kapena osiyana amene banja milandu nkhondo lalikulu;
• anthu kwambiri ankasamalira mwana kapena, Tikawonetsetsa simukhala tcheru mokwanira kuchokera makolo awo;
• akukonza zosiyanasiyana ubongo choipa.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku, palibe magawano chiwerengero cha odwala ndi obsessive-zinazake chisokonezo pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Koma pali chizolowezi kuti gwero lachisokonezo zambiri amayamba kusonyeza anthu zaka 15 mpaka 25.

Zizindikiro za ACS

Mwa zizindikiro zazikulu za maonekedwe a matenda obsessive-zinazake, chiwerengero cha liwuli maganizo chisokonezo ndipo ntchito wonyong'onya tsiku (mwachitsanzo, mwamantha ya pyakuipa kunena mawu kapena kuopa tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, zomwe zimabweretsa kusamba m'manja pafupipafupi). Komanso zingaoneke limodzi ndi zizindikiro;

• kusagona;
• kutulo;
• chilakolako osauka kapena imfa wathunthu yake;
• zakuda bii;
• tsankho kapena wathunthu detachment kwa anthu (osati chikhalidwe).

Categories anthu compulsions mitundu

Nthawi zambiri, anthu ongoyendayenda siyana izi monga mwa mitundu ya compulsions (zochita zinazake wokakamizidwa):

1. Osamalika kapena amene amaopa kuipitsidwa. Ndiko kuti, odwala kupereka chilakolako zonse muzisamba m'manja, bwezerani mano anu, kusintha kapena kuchapa zovala zawo, ndi zina zotero. Amene nthawi zonse ali reinsured. Anthu otere ovutika ndi lingaliro la kuthekera kwa moto, ulendo wa mbava ndi monga, kotero kawirikawiri amakhala ndi kufufuza ngati chitseko kapena zenera, kaya ketulo, ndi uvuni ndi wazimitsa chatsekedwa, mbaula, chitsulo ndi zina zotero.
2. Ochimwa openekera. Anthu awa mantha akulangidwa ndi magulu apamwamba kapena mabungwe yazamalamulo, ngakhale mfundo yakuti chinachake chachitika, osati wangwiro monga iwo amaganiza.
3. Pafupifupi kulakwitsa. Iwo amakonda kuti ndi chosokonekera mu zonse: zovala, zinthu za ena, ndipo ngakhale chakudya.
4. Okhometsa. Anthu amene sangathe kusiya zinthu, ngakhale ngati si koyenera, chifukwa cha kuopa zimene zidzachitike chinthu choipa kapena onse amene ali chimodzimodzi pamene mumayembekezera.

Zitsanzo za mawonekedwe a inatsekeratu syndrome pachimake akuluakulu

Kodi matenda "obsessive-zinazake syndrome"? Zizindikiro za matenda kumachitika pa munthu aliyense njira zawo.

The obsessions ambiri ndi:

• Ine ndinaganiza za kuukira pa banja lake;
• madalaivala: nkhawa kuti anawomberedwa pansi pansi;
• nkhawa kuti kungawononge mwangozi kuti munthu (mwachitsanzo, kukonza m'nyumba wina ndi moto, chigumula, ndi zina zotero);
• kuopa kukhala munthu wogona ana;
• kuopa kukhala amuna kapena akazi anzawo;
• kuganiza kuti pali bwenzi la chikondi, kukayikira kulimbikira za kulondola anasankha;
• kuopa mwangozi kunena kapena kulemba kuti zinthu sizili bwino (mwachitsanzo, ntchito chinenero sayenera kukambirana ndi bwana);
• musawope mogwirizana ndi chipembedzo kapena makhalidwe;
• malingaliro ovutitsa za chiyambi cha mavuto thupi (monga kupuma, Pomeza, anangotengeka m'maso, ndi zina zotero);
• kuopa kupanga zolakwa ntchito kapena ntchito;
• kuopa kutaya chisamaliro;
• kuopa kudwala, ndi kachilombo mavairasi;
• malingaliro zonse wosangalala kapena kubweretsa tsokali zinthu, mawu, manambala;
• zambiri.

Ena obsessions wamba monga zimenezi:

• zonse kuyeretsa ndi kulemekeza dongosolo linalake la zinthu;
• pafupipafupi kusamba m'manja;
• macheke chitetezo (ngati tsitsi zotseka kutali ngati magetsi, gasi, madzi ndi zina zotero);
• mobwerezabwereza za kuika womwewo wa manambala, mawu pofuna kupewa zinthu zoipa;
• zonse pa kuona zotsatira za ntchito zawo;
• zonse masitepe mawerengedwe.

Zitsanzo za mawonekedwe a inatsekeratu syndrome pachimake ana

Ana obsessive-zinazake syndrome ndi zochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi achikulire. Koma zizindikiro ofanana, koma m'badwo-kusintha:

• kuopa nokha pa malo;
• kuopa kugwa kumbuyo ndi makolo ndipo anataya;
• nkhawa kuwunika, wophuka mwa iye nibala zipatso;
• kusamba kawirikawiri dzanja, kutsuka mkamwa;
• maofesi pamaso anzawo unakula syndrome obsessive ndi zina zotero.

Statement matenda ACS

Matenda a syndrome obsessive-zinazake ndi kupeza maganizo ambiri intrusive ndi zochita zomwe zachitika pa nthawi yaitali (masabata osachepera awiri) ndi limodzi mwa maganizo kapena maganizo.

Mwa makhalidwe zizindikiro obsessional kwa matenda ayenera zotsatirazi:

• wodwalayo alipo mmodzi ganizo kapena kanthu, ndipo amatsutsa iwo;
• lingaliro kuchita cholinga wodwala safuna kupulumutsa chimwemwe aliyense;
• kubwerezabwereza yonse kumabweretsa nkhawa.

Kuvuta matenda kwagona kuti zimavuta nadzawasankhula syndrome obsessive kuvutika kwa yosavuta ACS monga matenda awo zimachitika pafupifupi imodzi. Pamene n'zovuta kudziwa za iwo anakaonekera, ndiye kuti anali matenda yaikulu maganizo.

Ambiri ati awulule matenda a "obsessive-zinazake syndrome" mayeso. Monga ulamuliro, muli nkhani zosiyanasiyana zokhudza mtundu ndi nthawi ya muzochita zathu ndi maganizo, khalidwe la odwala ACS. Mwachitsanzo:

• chiwerengero cha tsiku ndi tsiku anakhala kuganiza za maganizo obsessive (lolondola: konse maola angapo maola oposa 6, ndi zina zotero);
• kuchuluka kwa nthawi tsiku anakhala kuchita zochita zinazake (mayankho zofanana ndi funso loyamba);
• chidwi maganizo zinazake kapena kuchita (lolondola: ayi, aakulu, odziletsa, ndi zina zotero);
• Kodi inu maganizo obsessive / zochita ulamuliro (lolondola: inde, palibe, pang'ono, ndi zina zotero);
• Kodi inu mukumverera mavuto ndi kusamba m'manja / kutsanulira / kutsuka / kuvala / zovala / zinthu n'cholinga / kutenga zinyalala, ndi zina zotero (lolondola: inde, ngati aliyense, ayi, sindikufuna kuchita izi, Chikoka zonse ndi zina zotero);
• kuchuluka kwa nthawi imene mumathera pa Centauri shawa / kutsuka / tsitsi / kuvala / kuyeretsa / zinyalala kuchotsa, ndi zina zotero (zotheka mayankho: zonse, kawiri, maulendo angapo, ndi zina zotero).

Kwa matenda olondola ndi kudziwa kukula kwa matendaŵa mndandanda wa mafunso zikhoza kukhala zinthu zambiri.

Zotsatira zimadalira chiwerengero cha mfundo. zambiri kuposa zikuluzikulu apamwamba Mwina awo ndi obsessive-zinazake syndrome.

Obsessive-zinazake syndrome - Chithandizo

Thandizo pa matenda a matenda pachimake inatsekeratu ayenera anatchula zamaganizo amene osati kuthandiza matenda molondola, komanso athe kuzindikira mtundu waukulu wa matenda obsessive-zinazake.

Ndipo momwe mukhoza kupambana onse syndrome obsessive? ACS mankhwala kunyamula angapo zikunena maganizo achire. Mankhwala ali anangolemba maziko, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kukhala zotsatira zimatheka ndi dokotala yekha.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito tricyclic ndi antidepressants tetracyclic (mwachitsanzo, "Melipraminum" "mianserin" ndi ena), ndi anticonvulsants.

Ngati pali matenda kagayidwe kachakudya, zomwe ndi zofunika kwa kugwira ntchito za masiku onse manyuroni mu ubongo, dokotala n'kukulemberani kukonzekera mwapadera kwa mankhwalawa gwero lachisokonezo. Mwachitsanzo, "Fluvoxamine", "Paroxetine" ndi zina zotero.

Monga kutsirikidwa mankhwala ndi psychoanalysis chiyani salolera. Mankhwalawa matenda obsessive-zinazake ntchito njira chidziwitso-khalidwe ogwira kwambiri.

Cholinga cha njira imeneyi - kuthandiza wodwalayo kusiya moganizira malingaliro obsessive ndi malingaliro, pang'onopang'ono wamira iwo. Mfundo ntchito chiri motere: wodwalayo ayenera kuganizira pa maso kukana kuchita miyambo. Motero, wodwalayo akukumana kusapeza chizolowezi si ndi chifukwa chilichonse. ubongo masiwichi vuto wina ndi mzake, pambuyo njira zingapo zimenezi, chilimbikitso YAKUCHITA zinazake umatsika.

Mwa mankhwala odziwika koma chidziwitso-khalidwe, ntchito mchitidwe ndipo kudakali njira "amasiya kuganiza." Wodwala pa nthawi yonse kapena zochita analimbikitsa maganizo ponena kuti, "Lekani!" Ndipo kupenda zonse mwa kuyesa kuyankha mafunso otsatirawa:

1. Kodi amphamvu n'zotheka kuti izi zidzachitika chenicheni?
2. Kodi kupewa maganizo obsessive bwinobwino moyo ndi zingati?
3. Zingati kwambiri tanthauzo la kusamva mkati?
4. Kodi kukhala ndi zosavuta popanda obsessions ndi compulsions?
5. Mudzakhala osangalala popanda obsessions ndi miyambo?

Mndandanda wa mafunso kupitirira. Chinthu chachikulu ndi kuti cholinga chawo chinali kudziwa zinthu kuchokera kumbali zonse.

Palinso sizikanatheka kuti zamaganizo wasankha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana mankhwala zina kapena thandizo zina. Izo zimatengera pa nkhani munthu ndi ukulu wake. Mwachitsanzo, kungakhale banja kapena gulu misala.

Odzithandiza okha mu ACS

Ngakhale ngati muli madokotala abwino kwambiri mu dziko, khama ayenera kukhala ndi ambiri. Osati ochepa kwambiri madokotala - mmodzi wa iwo, Dzheffri Shvarts, ndi lodziwika bwino kafukufuku ACS - onani kuti ntchito palokha pa chikhalidwe chake n'kofunika kwambiri.

Pakuti ichi muyenera:

• Kufufuza zinthu zonse zitheka wachisokonezo obsessive-zinazake: mabuku, magazini zachipatala, nkhani pa intaneti. Jambulani mudziwe mmene ndingathere za gwero lachisokonezo.
• Ntchito maluso omwe inu anaphunzitsa dokotala anu. Ie pofuna kupondereza obsessions ndi khalidwe zinazake.
• Tizilumikizana ndi okondedwa - achibale komanso anzake. Pewani kudzipatula, monga okha pofuna kukwaniritsa zolinga vuto obsessive.

Ndipo Chofunika, kuphunzira kumasuka. Phunzirani osachepera ndizosowa zosangalatsa. Gwiritsani kusinkhasinkha, kapena yoga njira zina. Iwo angakuthandizeni kuti muchepetse zizindikiro za matenda obsessive-zinazake ndi pafupipafupi asayembekezere.