Totupa

Zotupa pa khungu - ndi foci wa zotupa misa kuti awonekere khungu. Zochitika za zotupa awa zosiyanasiyana totupa. Iwo agawidwa m'magulu awiri. The woyamba tichipeza zinthu morphological kuti awonekere khungu, osati pansi kusintha m'mbuyomu. Zizindikiro Secondary m'gulu gulu izi, ndi chifukwa cha alibe wa totupa poyambira. Iwo kumachitika ngakhale pambuyo kutha kwa maselo chachikulu.

Lonse osiyanasiyana matenda tsopano kudziwika kwa sayansi ya zamankhwala, ali kugwirizana ndi kusintha osiyanasiyana khungu la thupi chivundikiro. Kwenikweni iwo zimapezeka mu mawonekedwe a totupa. Ndipo n'zomveka ndithu kuchokera amazionera a Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa. Khungu, kukhala chiwalo yaikulu ya thupi, mwamsanga kuti ndondomeko iliyonse pathological chimene chimachitika m'thupi. Ndipo kotero kuti matenda olondola a matenda n'kofunika kuyendera katswiri.

Totupa akhoza kukhala mitengo yosiyanasiyana ya zosayembekezereka, ili paliponse pa thupi limodzi ndi kuyabwa kapena kusakhala nawo iwo. Komanso, matumba njira pathological amasiyana mtundu.

Ambiri totupa pakhungu:

- matuza (wandiweyani zinthu zamwano mwakwera pamwamba mlingo wa khungu);

- mutsanulira (cavities wodzazidwa ndi madzimadzi chimaonekera pa khungu);

- mawanga (osati kukwera pamwamba pa zotupa pa khungu);

- papules (tinatake tozungulira ankakhala mu kuya kwa khungu ndi mulibe M'mimbamo mkati);

- matuza (thovu munali mafinya);

- bulauni (neoplasms m'dera mofulumira a erosions, vesicles, zilonda, pustules, amene amachitira umboni kuti lipole);

- erosions ndi zilonda (zinthu zimene zimaipitsa umphumphu wa khungu, kukhala mkati zili chinthu).

Zimayambitsa matenda a pakhungu kungakhale opatsirana chikhalidwe. pathologies njirazi ndi izi:

- ndere wazikang'a mtundu;

- chindoko;

- njerewere yosavuta;

- Molluscum contagiosum ;

- Herpes;

- rubrofitii;

- pemphigus;

- mtundu wa nsungu zoster;

- ostiofollikulit;

- pinki ndi ndere planus ;

- mphere;

- njerewere maliseche;

- candidiasis;

- jock itch.

Palinso mitundu ya matenda khungu, amene zosagwirizana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Njirazi ndi monga:

- seborrheic dermatitis;

- lupus erythematosus;

- khansa;

- hlyuazmu;

- senile seborrheic keratitis mtundu;

- Matendaŵa;

- Lathyathyathya njerewere ;

- wamba ndi rosacea ;

- urticaria;

- Dzuwa keratoses;

- psoriasis;

- ndi dermatitis mawotchi;

- thewera zidzolo;

- mankhwala toksikodermii.

Udindo mu mawonetseredwe a zizindikiro za matenda khungu masewero chilema mu zakudya mavitamini zofunika ndi mme- zinthu, zomwe zimabweretsa chisokonezo cha zimam'patsa mafuta ndipo thupi mapuloteni. Njira zina pathological zimene zimabweretsa ndi zidzolo chifukwa cha kukanika wa chapakati machitidwe mantha ndi endocrine. matenda khungu ingayambe ndi zotupa mtima ndi hematopoiesis.

Only katswiri mothandizidwa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana kafukufuku akhoza kudziwa matenda zolondola. Iye pikhadacita, chifukwa panali chinachake zotupa pa khungu ndi mankhwala mankhwala kutero. Pamaso kuyenderako dokotala sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta odzozera ndiyotani pakuchotsa zotupa. ndondomeko izi akhoza zimawonjezera njira pathological kusokoneza matenda a matenda ndi m'mbuyo mankhwala ake zina.

Pre-mankhwala a matenda amabweretsera imachitika. The njira ya mankhwala ndi kuti analimbikitsa ndi katswiri. Pangakhale milandu pamene totupa akachokapo. Izi zimachitika mu zochitika kumene chifukwa cha matenda ndi matenda (katsabola, chikuku, chikuku).