Pepala phindu

Limodzi la mafunso yovuta kwambiri ndi chachikulu mlandu ndi nkhani ya kudziŵa Zotsatira za chuma. Chigamulo wake anagawanika mfundo monga "chuma" ndi "mlandu" phindu. Kodi pali kusiyana pakati pa mfundo zimenezi? Mlandu phindu - phindu kuchita masamu malinga ndi malamulo applicable mlandu. Izo zalembedwa phindu ndi imfa malipoti. Akuimira kusiyana pakati pa anazindikira mlandu nthawi ndalama ndi ndalama (ndalama). Mlandu phindu - chifukwa ndalama anatsimikiza mu lipoti nthawi pamaziko a deta mlandu mitundu yonse ya malonda ndi ziyenera a nkhani zonse za pepala bwino. Pali njira zosiyanasiyana kuwerengetsa phindu gulu ntchito, koma pafupifupi onse a iwo ogwirizana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo za mbiri mtengo (mtengo wa kupeza) ndi maziko accrual pamene akuona ndalama okwana.

Mlandu phindu ali kale zochokera mfundo zotsatirazi:

- kuteteza likulu ndi kusamalira bwino;

- likulu Kukuza kapena dzuwa.

Malinga ndi lingaliro loyamba la ndalama (phindu kapena imfa) ndi kuchuluka kwa chilungamo likulu analandira mu nthaŵi. Phindu kuoneka ngati chifukwa cha kutukula umoyo wa bungwe. Mfundo imeneyi zachokera kusintha mu ngongole (magwero a likulu) ndi chuma (ndalama). Pankhaniyi, ndalama ogwira anazindikira okha nkhani ya kuchepa kapena kuwonjezeka katundu ngongole. Mlandu phindu amaonedwa kuti ndi kuwonjezeka zawozawo zachuma inali ku kampaniyo, ndi kulephera - zochepetsera iwo.

Malinga ndi mfundo yachiwiri ya phindu ogwira kusiyana pakati revenues ndi ndalama, ndi ntchito muyeso. Mlandu phindu mu nkhani iyi ndi zotsatira za cm olondola chifukwa mu ndalama ndi ndalama anatenga nthawi. Mu njira imeneyi, ndalama ndi ndalama zokhudza nthawi mtsogolo anazindikira kuti anali wofunika kwambiri kapena udindo, kaya iye ndi weniweni tsogolo outflow kapena inflow chuma chuma. Ndi dongosolo mosalekeza alandire ndalama kutembenukira mu mtengo ndi ngongole - ndalama, omwe kenako kukhala makhalidwe abwino. Pakati pake penipeni, njira imeneyi ndi maziko a mfundo kulowa awiri ntchito akawunti, amene anatsimikiza ndi zotsatira wapawiri ndalama. Iye woyesedwa pa dzanja limodzi, monga kumanga-ndi chilungamo likulu (limene likuyimira chitsanzo zowerengera a muyezo), ndi pa dzanja lina, ngati kusiyana revenues ndi ndalama (limene likuyimira chitsanzo ndalama za bwino).

Mlandu phindu monga chizindikiro cha Zotsatira za chuma ali kuipa zingapo:

- palibe womveka mawu a lingaliro ili;

- ndi mosiyana ndi tanthauzo la ndalama ndi ndalama, ena kanjedza phindu sali ofanana;

- inflationary chigawo zambiri zimasokoneza comparability deta ndalama kwa nthawi angapo malipoti.

Amasonyezedwa malipoti mlandu phindu malire salola aziona moyenera augmentation kapena kuba likulu panthawi malipoti, monga zilibe kupeza zonse chinyezimiro kutulutsa ndalama zachuma kukopa mitundu ina ya chuma amenewa ndalama.

Mtima wofuna kuwunika zolondola mtima kwa ogwira ntchito za zinachititsa kuti ntchito ya likulu kuchita chinthu panopa monga phindu zachuma. Mu lingaliro ili zambiri mawuwa kuonjezera Ndalama za gulu. phindu Economic nthawi zambiri amatanthauziridwa kuti kusiyana pakati pa kubwerera pa likulu ndi kulemetsedwa ake ndalama zambiri, kuchulukitsa ndi kuchuluka kwa likulu padera.

Economic ndi mlandu phindu ali osiyana mu wachiwiri kuposa oyamba ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama mphamvu makuponi. N'chifukwa chake phindu zachuma ndi muyezo waukulu kudziŵa dzuwa la chuma ntchito.