Edible Mafuta: gulu, ntchito, calorie

Kale mawu amodzi "mafuta" anthu ambiri mantha. Ndipotu, apa mu maganizo a bungwe ndi mafuta thupi ndi kupachikidwa mbali. Koma mafuta zakudya thupi lathu ndi mafuta weniweni. Mosiyana ndi chakudya mapuloteni, ali ndi mphamvu mkulu mphamvu.

Mafuta ndi yofunika chakudya chigawo chimodzi, amene kwenikweni ayenera kubwera kwa ife kuchokera kunja. Choncho tiyenera moyenera ndi kuchuluka Napempha kwa chakudya mapuloteni.

Edible Mafuta ndi mafuta, umene uli thupi lathu, ndi mfundo, ngakhale zogwirizana koma osiyana. The oyamba si mankhwala wapatali, zomwe Musaone ntchito m'malo ovuta. Zakudya katundu wa mafuta kuwalola kukhala ophunzira mwakhama njira yofunika zikuchitika mu thupi lathu. M'mawu ena, n'zosatheka popanda yachibadwa ntchito ziwalo zathu zonse ndi kachitidwe.

Nchito wapatali mankhwala

Zakudya mafuta - ndi mtundu wa mafuta m'thupi la munthu. Pa processing wa onse magalamu awo allocated 9 zopatsa mphamvu, yomwe ndi kawiri ndi theka woposa chakudya ndi mapuloteni. mphamvu imeneyi yafotokozedwera ndi ntchito ya mafuta.
Komanso, chinthu ichi chofunika kuchita pulasitiki kapena ntchito structural.

Ichi ndi chifukwa mafuta ndi mbali ya minofu ndi selo nembanemba. Popanda chiwerengero chofunika maselo amathyoka mu njira yathu kagayidwe kachakudya. Vutoli limakhudza phwando zakudya ndi thupi. Komanso, amaika zoipa kapena owonjezera mafuta zidulo kumabweretsa chakuti maselo kutaya mwayi kuchotsa onse "zinyalala" mwakuchita iwo. Linaopseza slagging lawo limene limakhudza anthu thanzi.

Mu thupi lathu mafuta edible kuchita zambiri ndi ntchito ya yang'anira lapansi. Popanda anafikapo ku maselo a zimakhala ndi ziwalo sizingatheke mayamwidwe a mavitamini mafuta-sungunuka monga A ndi C, E K. Ndiponso, izi zigawo zikuluzikulu zofunika kwambiri ndi mbali yofunika mahomoni.

Mafuta komanso kunyamula ntchito. Tisonyeza zimenezo mwa thandizo paulendo zinthu zosiyanasiyana thupi lonse.

Kufunika kwa mafuta ndi unazunguliridwa mu ntchito wawo. Pambuyo zigawo izi zonse kuteteza thupi lathu asatengere kutentha, ndi ziwalo - kuchokera amadza makina.

Gawo

Kodi anagawa mafuta edible? Gulu la mankhwala amenewa amapereka kwa gulu la feedstock mtundu ndi kugwirizana. Ali:

1. Kuyambira mankhwala koyamba:

- nyama (mkaka, ng'ombe, nkhumba, nkhosa, nsomba ndi fupa);

- masamba (anachokera ku zipatso, mtedza ndi mbewu mbewu);
- Pamodzi - yopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zosiyanasiyana yaiwisi (margarine, chafalikiradi confectionary mafuta).

2. Kuchokera pa kugwirizana ndi:

- Maziko (mafuta kwambiri nyama, ndi koko mafuta, kokonati ndi kanjedza);
- madzi (chochuluka masamba mafuta opangidwa kuchokera ku mbewu ndi zipatso).

Mafuta ali m'gulu la zamadzimadzi, kapena ngati iwo amatchedwa akatswiri, triglycerides chilengedwe organic mankhwala. Mu dongosolo awo ndi zovuta zonse esters, monobasic mafuta zidulo.

Tikumbukenso kuti madzi masamba mafuta ofanana ndi batala amatchedwa mafuta.

kufunika thupi mafuta

mankhwala anali m'mimba pang'onopang'ono kapepala kakuti m'mimba, popeza mu kuchitiridwa boma la enzyme ili kapepala kakuti m'mimba. Komanso, mafunsidwe ake akupezeka zigawo a subcutaneous mafuta mu katundu ndale. Kenako, mafuta ntchito monga gwero mphamvu.

ndi tsiku amazifuna mankhwala chiyani? Izi zidalira pa msinkhu ndi mphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, anthu akuluakulu okwanira kuti monga mu zakudya magalamu 75-80 mafuta.

Mitundu yonse ya mankhwala pafupifupi makumi atatu peresenti angagwe pa ntchito masamba mafuta. Koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mafuta ndi gawo boshinstva chakudya. Ambiri a iwo nsomba ndi nyama, tchizi ndi mitanda.

Information zakudya

chiwerengerochi ali makhalidwe osiyanasiyana malingana ndi mtundu wa mafuta ndi kuloŵerera ake ndi thupi. Zimenezi, mwachindunji amadalira kutentha mankhwala kusungunuka. Mwachitsanzo, mafuta ndi otsika limatsogolera kutentha (m'munsimu madigiri 37), kwathunthu ndi mofulumira emulsified kapepala kakuti m'mimba, choncho mosavuta digested. Kodi mankhwala yabwino wosakanikirana ndi magawo awa? Izi nkhumba ndi tsekwe mafuta anyama, batala, mafuta mafuta ndi mitundu yonse ya margarine.

N'zochititsa chidwi poipa anaphatikizana mankhwala kukhala limatsogolera mfundo mkulu. Choncho, ngati mtengo uwu kwa batala ndi 98,5%, mafuta a nkhosayo, iye ali mu osiyanasiyana 80-90%. Koma ng'ombe mafuta pa thupi la munthu zimatenga 80-94%.

mtengo mphamvu

Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, mafuta zakudya ndi mtundu wa mafuta thupi lathu. Choncho, magalamu zana la batala, malingana ndi mtundu wake, ndi kuchokera 570 mpaka 750 kcal. The index chomwecho mu margarines ndi 750 kcal, ndipo mu anasungunuka nyama mafuta ndi masamba mafuta - 890 kcal.

chosaopsa mafuta

Kodi kudziwa woyenerera kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ofunikila kwambiri kwa thupi lathu? Chosaopsa kirimu ali wamng'ono woyera-kirimu kapena wotumbululuka chikasu. Pa nthawi yomweyo alibe fungo aliyense ndi aftertaste. Zoperekedwa izo homogenous. Makhalidwe omwewo kusiyanitsa tsopano ndi mkate panokha. Kukonzedwa mankhwala yemweyo ali ndi zofewa granular kugwirizana. Pankhaniyi, kusintha mu mkhalidwe osungunula amalakatika mtundu ndi yodziwika ndi kusapezeka zosafunika.

Apamwamba mpendadzuwa mafuta deodorized, mandala, odorless ndi ufulu wa chitayiko. Fungo la akhoza bwino amawamasulira kapena kwina palimodzi. Pankhani mitundu unrefined, iwo amasiyana pamaso pa precipitate zomwe zili ndi gawo theka buku okwana mankhwala chomera limodzi ndi.

mafuta osauka kwambiri

Sikuti kudya batala pang'ono, amene ali ndi kukoma zosasangalatsa owawa, fungo Fungo lamphamvu lamankhwala komanso rancidity (kunachita mdima padziko). Pa khalidwe osauka mankhwala amasonyeza kukoma stearic makandulo, mafuta anyama greening, pamaso pa nkhungu, etc. Batala ndi thambo zinada m'mphepete akhoza ankawachotsera kunja ndipo amadya chakudya.

Ndimu mafuta kuwauza rancid, moto kapena kukoma lakuthwa ndi fungo. zakudya zoterezi kudya ali osavomerezeka. Ndipotu, iwo kudziunjikira zinthu za kusokonezeka mafuta ndi kutaya mavitamini awo ndi zidulo n'kofunika.

ntchito

Kodi zichokera kwa processing wa mafuta zopangira? Iwo ntchito pa mbali zotsatirazi:

- chakudya makampani;
- asatayike;
- kupanga zodzoladzola ndi sopo;
- yopanga lubricants.

The ntchito yaikulu ya nyama mafuta amapezeka mu munda zophikira. Apa, iwo ntchito ngati chakudya. Pakati pawo, mutton, nkhumba ndi ng'ombe. Koma kuchokera zimakhala za nsomba m'madzi nyama sikuti kutulutsa mafuta edible, komanso Chowona Zanyama (chakudya), mankhwala ndi luso. Kodi ntchito ya mtundu uwu wa mafuta? Koma mankhwala Chowona Zanyama, cholinga chake chachikulu - kudyetsa ziweto ndi mbalame. ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito mafuta luso chiyani? Zagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafutawa ndi mankhwala mafakitale komanso m'madera ena chuma kukhala penogasitelnyh ndi detergents, processing chikopa, kupanga lipsticks ndi creams.

Ntchito pophikira

Aliyense akamaphika mwangwiro kudziwa chakuti kukoma kwa mbale okonzeka kumadalira osati kokha pa khalidwe ndi mtundu wa waukulu mankhwala, komanso mafuta izo. Pamene chigawo mismatch chakudya khalidwe chatsitsa kwambiri.

Mwachitsanzo, tallow ku ng'ombe kapena nkhumba mafuta si oyenera adzaphika zikondamoyo ndi kupanikizana. kuphatikiza amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kokha inept wachibwana kuphika.

Kuti woonda ndi wosakhwima kukoma mbale ambiri ntchito pokonzekera batala. Nthawi zambiri mankhwala ntchito masangweji. maganizo ake anasungunuka kutsanulira zakudya wokonzeka kwa Gourmet ndi chakudya chabwino. Ntchito mafuta ndi saladi Mavalidwe.

Pakuti nyama mbale otentha, ndi mitundu ina Frying mankhwala farinaceous ntchito nkhumba ndi ng'ombe tallow. Mutton mafuta lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito bwinobwino ku Central zakudya Asian ndi Caucasus.

Masamba mafuta oyang'anira zophika kutenga pa nthawi imene chiphunzitso cha chakudya amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito uncured mafuta.

Kufunika

Popanda mafuta akhoza kukhala mmodzi wa njira zofunika kwambiri zophikira - Frying. Only mothandizidwa ndi wophika angathe kubweretsa mfundo kuyambira ku kutentha. Pamene nyama imeneyi, nsomba kapena masamba ndi zizipita ku poyatsira ndi kuyaka. Pa Frying amalenga wosanjikiza woonda mafuta pakati pa mankhwala ndipo pansi pa mbale. Imalimbikitsa yunifolomu magetsi.

Pamene Frying zimaonekera ndi munthu wofunika kwambiri monga mafuta. Amasungunula ena onunkhira zinthu ochekenera, ali masamba. Izi bwino kwambiri fungo ndi maonekedwe a zakudya.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kanjedza

mankhwala ntchito mu Russia posachedwapa. mafuta kupanga unakhazikitsidwa ku zipatso za mitengo ya kanjedza, wotchedwa Azitona.

Kodi applicable ndi edible mafuta? mankhwala chomera ali makamaka ntchito kuphika, komanso kupanga mankhwala Confectionery anafuna yosungirako yaitali.

Palm mafuta nazo chidwi katundu thupi ndi mankhwala. N'chifukwa chake anali m'gulu mndandanda wa mitundu yofala idyani mafuta a mtedza, opangidwa padziko lathuli. Ichi ndi chifukwa mtengo wake otsika ndi kupezeka. Palm mafuta ali patsogolo wokongola khalidwe. Chifukwa kukana zake zabwino kwa makutidwe ndi okosijeni, angathe kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali.

Malo ambiri ntchito za masamba mafuta ndi adzasowa chakudya. Izo ntchito mu kupanga biscuit ndi kokulumunya masikono, creams ndi chofufumitsa. Ntchito ndi Kukuwotcha theka-yomalizidwa mankhwala. Kalori zili mafuta masamba 884 zopatsa mphamvu.

Popanda mafuta kanjedza sangachite zambiri mankhwala. Kotero, izo zifika ku condensed mkaka ndi zonona tchizi, kuwonjezera kwa kanyumba tchizi ndi tchizi ndiwo zochuluka mchere. mafuta ndi m'malo mafuta mkaka. Kuwonjezera pa chakudya mankhwala wapeza ntchito mu kupanga sopo ndi makandulo, komanso zodzoladzola (kuti moisturize ndi pansi khungu).

Kugwiritsa Confectionery mafuta

mankhwala amapangidwa makamaka zinthu mbewu. Komabe, kapangidwe kake akhoza kupezeka nkhumba kapena ng'ombe wonenepa. Lili mafuta lokoma ndi hydrogenated mafuta chinsomba. Mmodzi wa popanga mankhwala ndi monga kokonati kapena mafuta kanjedza.

The Confectionery mafuta ndi chinthu cholimba ndi mtundu woyera ndi pang'ono chikasu kum'chitira. Monga makhalidwe ake kukoma ndi ogula ali koposa zonse, zimadalira zikuchokera. Mwachitsanzo, Confectionery mafuta ntchito mankhwala ophika buledi zikuphatikizapo mpaka 65 peresenti masamba ndi chinsomba hydrogenated mafuta, ndi peresenti 22 masamba mafuta. Nthawi zina mu chiphunzitso ndi kanjedza mafuta, amene amapereka yotsiriza mankhwala kukoma yeniyeni.

Ntchito pastry mafuta limakupatsani yolumikizana pamodzi zigawo zikuluzikulu ntchito. Komanso, mankhwala chopangidwa ofotokoza m'mene bwino makhalidwe zakudya. Kalori okhutira mafuta izi 897 kcal.

margarine

mankhwala ili gulu la mafuta pamodzi. Yopangidwa ndi nawo mpaka kalekale technochemical ndi zasayansi ulamuliro wake. Waukulu zopangira kupanga margarine - zosiyanasiyana masamba ndi nyama mafuta. Gulu loyamba la zikuphatikizapo soya, mpendadzuwa ndi cottonseed mafuta. Ndipo monga nyama mafuta kaŵirikaŵiri amapeza ntchito chinsomba mafuta.

Okonzeka zopangira anali kusintha kwa boma olimba ndi kukwaniritsa yunifolomu kugwirizana kusakaniza.

Gwiritsani margarine pophika osiyanasiyana mbale, komanso ena pastry kuphika. Onjezerani ku masamba ndi nyama minced.

Margarine ndi oyenera kwambiri Frying. Ndipotu, ngakhale ndi amphamvu kwambiri alikuwotha moto, iye si kupeza rancidity kapena fungo utsi. Mankhwala Milingo 570 kcal.