Petro ndi Paulo Cathedral, Kazan. Petro ndi Paulo Cathedral: The Nkhani ndi zithunzi

Zaka Kazan ... Chokongola, olemera ndi omvetsetsa ... The chizindikiro cha masika ndi mwina kachisi wa zipembedzo zonse, zomwe, ndithudi, sanathe kuonekera m'dera lina lililonse. Wapadera kamangidwe zipilala, n'zimene Kazan aang'ono zithunzi za ambiri a iwo Russia mukudziwa bwino anamanga kuno makamaka pakati mbiri ya mzinda.

Orthodox ngale

Ndicho chimene chimatchedwa Petro ndi Paulo Cathedral. Kazan ali kwambiri khalidwe, koma izi chipilala mapulani yauzimu "khadi ntchito" ake. Omangika pa phiri, olemekezeka ndi okongola mwapadera, kachisi uyu ali ulemerero wapadera.

Petro ndi Paulo Cathedral (Kazan) ankasangalala akatswiri osati kokha, komanso alendo a Tatarstan likulu. Iwo anachezeredwa ndi mafumu pafupifupi onse Russian ndi empresses, boma ambiri kapena kanjedza anthu. Mkati mwa makoma ake panali Pushkin, Alexander Von Humboldt, ngakhale dzina lake Aleksandr Dyuma. Pa moyo wake mu mzinda uno kawirikawiri zinkaimbidwa pa utumiki wa F. Chaliapin.

anthu ochepa mukudziwa kuti Petro ndi Paulo Cathedral (Kazan) ndi wamba parishi mpingo. Ndipo inamangidwa pa malo a dzina lomweli ili apa mipingo wakale, kutchula koyamba za amene amapezeka mu 1565, chaka. A parishioner ya mpingo anali mmodzi wa waukulu amalonda m'dera Ivan Afanasievich Mikhlyaev. nyumba yake inali mwachindunji pafupi ndi tchalitchi. Kapangidwe ndi lero, ngakhale kuti zinali zambiri amangidwanso, sanafe ndipo lili m'bwalo la malo auzimu.

mafotokozedwe

Poyamba, njira yaikulu m'kachisi wa Spasskaya Tower. Ndi chifukwa kumpoto zinakonzedwa ndi wamanga ngati zipata chachikulu: kudzera mwa iye pansi chachiwiri, yopemphereramo wa St. Peter ndi Paulo, anakweza kutsogolo molunjika masitepe. Linanyeka moto mu 1815, koma zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu kenako m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi mochedwa linadzamangidwanso. Lamanzere masitepe ndi tchalitchi mu dzina la Chitsamba Choyaka Moto, lomwe mpaka 1848 ankaona wodzipereka St. Khirisimasi. Ioanna Predtechi. Pa yosanja pali "Opatsa Moyo Spring" womuyenerera ndi kumapangitsanso msinkhu ndi buku la kachisi. Pamwamba pa cornice wa octagon mu Petro ndi Paulo Cathedral m'malo alipidwa mwala pommel khalidwe la ndiye Baroque - opepuka linapanga latisi.

Kumpoto ndi kumadzulo mbali ya tchalitchi tikukhala ndi zomera lotsegula. Fatsa m'njira kum'mwera kwa nyumba m'munsi - Kupereka mwa Ambuye. Pa mlingo wa zokometsera zake Mipikisano wachikuda mwala ndi lowonjezera muyezo utoto matailosi.

nkhani

Kaundula wa Petro ndi Paulo Cathedral n'zogwirizana ndi dzina la Peter, amene anapita Kazan mu 1722-m, pamene ankapita ku msonkhano wokopa Persian. Mfumu anasiya wamalonda ndi wofuna kuthandiza Ivan Mikhlyaev. Ali kumeneko mu mzinda, Peter chikondwerero chikumbutso ake makumi asanu. Pokumbukira uyu, ndipo amayamikira mfumu ndipo anamupatsa umwini wa boma akumeneko imfa yopanga nsalu fakitale, ndipo anaganiza chilili Mikhlyaev Petro ndi Paulo Cathedral, chithunzi lomwe limasonyeza ulemerero wake. kachisi anamangidwa m'dzina la Oyera Petro ndi Paulo, ndipo n'kale lonse kutalika lonse la Volga ndi mwanaalirenji.

wamanga

Petro ndi Paulo Cathedral mu kalembedwe otchedwa "Naryshkin" kapena Russian, Baroque, umene unali wotchuka mu dziko mu mochedwa chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri - m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu. Wapadera tchalitchi amapereka makamaka wochuluka mbali kutsogolo kuti anapulumuka masiku ano, komanso mitundu awo owala. Komabe, mwatsoka, mayina a mmisiri wake ndi womanga la kachisi wauzimu sakudziwika.

Komabe, akatswiri ambiri amaona angafanane zokongoletsa ake ndi yokongola yokongola ya mipingo, omwe adamangidwa mu zoyambirira za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu mu Ukraine. Mwina Petulo ndi Paulo Cathedral (Kazan) kwenikweni inamangidwa Little Russia, ngakhale ayi buku kalembedwe ena. Kwambiri a zomangamanga wake ndi mamangidwe ndi wapadera ndipo chifukwa cha kukondera, popanda malangizo ena.

kukhazikitsanso

Mtengo kwambiri chakuti tchalitchi ichi Kazan anakhalabe akadali uli osati omanga, komanso atsogoleri a chipembedzo ndi akulu, amene anatumikira pano panthawi ina. mfundo ndi yakuti m'mbiri yake yaitali, kukonza mobwerezabwereza zagonjetsedwa kwa chiwonongeko tsankho. Ndipo loyamba la vuto onse a moto ambiri, zimene zakhala osachepera asanu.

Makamaka kupweteka Petro ndi Paulo Cathedral (Kazan) mu 1815, pamene chifukwa chiwonongeko amphamvu a nyumba parishi nkhani monga mmene naini zaka kusamukira pafupi mpingo Gostinnodvorskuyu. Panthawi imeneyi, kumanganso lalikulu la kachisi anachira. Iwo anagwira likuvutika akulu tchalitchi ndi wamalonda m'dera - agogo a otchuka sayansi Aleksandra Zaytseva.

Mu 1880, pa tchalitchi, zambiri dilapidated, anayang'ana louma kwambiri. Chifukwa chachikulu chinali chiwonongeko cha maziko. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, ngakhale loll anakhala belu nsanja ya Cathedral wa SS Petro ndi Paulo, ife tataya choyambirira maonekedwe ndi zokongoletsa zinthu. Woyang'anira ndi tchalitchi bungwe lina kukhazikitsanso zikuluzikulu, asilikali a amene anali a wamanga Litvinov - woyambitsa University Kazan. Iye anatha malinga ndi zithunzi ndi zojambula zambiri kubwezeretsa maonekedwe choyambirira dongosolo la. Pa kukhazikitsanso anawachotsa ndipo kukonzanso anamanga pridelnyh akachisi ndi khonde kubwezeretsedwa stucco wapadera pamakoma. Inali pa nthawi imeneyi belu nsanja ya Cathedral Petro ndi Paulo linatukuka ndi wotchuka mbuye wotchi Klimov.

pambuyo zisinthe

Mu Soviet Union, St. Peter ndi Paulo Cathedral (Kazan) anapitiriza ntchito mpaka 1939. Ndipo ngakhale pambuyo kutsekedwa kwa kuboma chipilala wake mapulani otetezedwa ndi boma. Kuyambira mu 1950, zaka makumi atatu izo linaikidwa pa planetarium m'deralo. Koma chifukwa pempho la Bishop wa Kazan ndi ntchito ndi ntchito yaikulu ya okhulupirira, mpingo anabwerera mpingo.

Ngakhale kuti zaka zoposa makumi asanu mu kupembedza kachisi sanali, izo mwangwiro anasunga wakale seveni gawo iconostasis amapeza chokongoletsedwa mu kalembedwe Baroque Russian.

tiakachisi

Mmodzi wa ankaopedwa kwambiri ndi zotsalira za St. Nectarios Yona Kazan. Iwo anali bambo ndi mwana. dziko boyars Nestor ndi John Zastolskie ndi wothandizira wa mabishopu Gury - woyambirira wa Kazan woyera. Pamene iye anatumizidwa ku chigawocho wongokhazikitsidwa wa Kazan naye wapita, ndi Yohane Zastolsky. Akuwasamalira wauzimu wa woyera, iye anayamba kukhala zabwino ndi achipembedzo kwambiri moyo. Malinga ndi malamulo a Mulungu, ndi iye anaukitsa mwana wake, Nestor. Ndi chilolezo cha atate mnyamatayo anatenga malonjezo ake kumene kumakhala Amonke. Iye anafa ali aang'ono.

Chithunzi mozizwitsa

Petro ndi Paulo Cathedral, chithunzi amene amazindikira aliyense amene anabwera kwa Kazan, zodabwitsa chithunzi cha mayi wa Mulungu Sedmiozernoy ankamupatsa Tchalitchi cha Yaroslavl ochita zozizwitsa. Ndiko kumene iye anali anali kwa zaka zambiri, opulumutsidwa Hieroschemamonk Seraphim.

chidina Izi zinabweretsa ku Ustyug ku Kazan October 13, 1615, chaka ndi mmonke Euthymius - woyambitsa Sedmiozernoy Bogoroditskaya chipululu. Iye anawadalitsa ndi malo obisika m'tsogolo.

M'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri, chizindikirochi wakhala wotchuka chifukwa zozizwitsa zazikulu. Pamene 1655-mamita ikubwera ku dziko mliri anafika Kazan, ndi kakafupi nthawi yokwanira ankati anthu onse amene mzinda. Unapha pafupifupi zikwi makumi asanu anthu.

Ndiyeno sisitere wina odzilungamitsa masomphenya maloto anabwera: analota munthu yowala amene anandiuza kupereka Kazan anthu kusunga awo masiku asanu ndi kusala kudya ndi kukhala otsimikiza kuti mzinda wa Sedmiozernoy chipululu chithunzi cha Theotokos. Pamene chithunzi chidatengedwa ulemu wonse Kazan Chitata ndi kuika pa kachisi, milili abwerere.

Onse anthu Orthodox mzindawo ndi m'dera tchalitchi kwambiri kulemekezera chizindikiro lero amalandira Lady athu thandizo pa nthawi yamavuto ndi matenda machiritso. Kusungidwa mu guwa la Petro ndi Paulo Cathedral Sedmiozernaya kachisi mlungu pemphero adzakhalanso utumiki ndi kuti iye azilambira okhulupirira.

kachisi lero

Panopa, Petro ndi Paulo Cathedral (Kazan), ndi udindo wa tchalitchi, ndi mpake kuti anali mmodzi wa malo ofunika kwambiri pa moyo wauzimu mu Republic Chitata. Apa odzipereka osati kuti mapemphero mabishopu, komanso chikondwerero diocesan. Kawiri pa nthawi Mbiri yamakono pa nthawi atapita primatial kuti Kazan chigawocho, monga izo zinali mu 1997 ndi 2005 motero, ndi mu Petro ndi Paulo Cathedral mwambo wa mabishopu wa Russia Alexy II.