Phenomenology Husserl a

Phenomenology monga nzeru zaumunthu ziliri pano zikomo chikanachitika kwa zilandiridwenso wa German nzeru zapamwamba Husserl Edmuna kuti nkhani yolembedwa mu masamu ndi ntchito m'munda uwu, pang'onopang'ono m'malo zofuna za mu mtima wa nzeru za sayansi. malingaliro ake anapanga mchikakamizo akatswiri monga Bernard Bolzano ndi Franz Brentano. Woyamba ankaganiza kuti choonadi alipo, ngakhale kuti chimaoneka kapena ayi, ndipo mfundo imeneyi ya Husserl akankhidwira kufuna kuchotsa odziwa kuwerenga maganizo.

The phenomenology wa Husserl ndi maganizo kuti kugona pa maziko ake, yayikidwa mu zolemba za "zofufuza Kukamba", "Maganizo a phenomenology woyera ndi nzeru phenomenological", "Philosophy monga sayansi okhwima" ndi ntchito zina, pamene nzeru zapamwamba limafotokoza malingaliro a logic ndi nzeru, nkhani za sayansi ndi mavuto chidziwitso. Ambiri mwa ntchito za nzeru zapamwamba angapezeke mu anatembenuzidwa Russian.

Husserl ankakhulupirira kuti kunali koyenera kukhala ndi njira yatsopano, kuposa iye chinkhoswe pa nthawiyo. Akamanena za njira yatsopano anali kubwerera ku zinthu ndi kumvetsa mmene zinthu. Malinga ndi maganizo a nzeru zapamwamba, ndi kokha kufotokoza zochitika (zochitika), kuonekera chikumbumtima anthu, kungathandize kumvetsa zinthu. Kotero, kumvetsa ndi kuwamvetsa, ayenera kuzindikira "nyengo" kuti bulaketi maganizo ndi zikhulupiriro za mkhalidwe zachilengedwe, zomwe akusokoneza anthu kukhulupirira kuti kuli zinthu za m'dzikoli.

The phenomenology wa Husserl kumathandiza kumvetsa tanthauzo lalikulu la zinthu, koma si zoona, si chidwi chapadera ponseponse ya makhalidwe abwino kapena khalidwe, iye ankadabwa chifukwa mphatso imeneyi si. Mwachitsanzo, kuphunzira miyambo ya chipembedzo chinachake, ndikofunika kumvetsetsa zimene chipembedzo ambiri, kumvetsa zomwenso ake. Chinthu phenomenology, monga nzeru zapamwamba ndi mayendetsedwe a matanthauzo choyera ndi choonadi. Husserl analemba kuti phenomenology - ndi nzeru woyamba, sayansi ya maziko koyera ndi mfundo za nzeru ndi chikumbumtima, chiphunzitso konsekonse.

mawu nzeru zapamwamba amasonyeza kuti phenomenology wa Husserl (mwachidule kwalembedwa mu buku aliyense wa nzeru) lakonzedwa kusanduliza nzeru mu sayansi ovuta kuti ndi chiphunzitso cha chidziwitso, okhoza kupereka bwino dziko lakunja. Mwa nzeru yatsopano chingapezeke ndi nzeru zochuluka, pamene nzeru akale sanathe kupereka mlingo wa kuzama. Husserl ankakhulupirira kuti ndi zolakwa za nzeru wakale zinachititsa kuti vuto la European sayansi ndi chitukuko. Science mavuto chifukwa cha chakuti alipo i sayansi salinso akuchitira, ndi kumvetsa dziko ndipo dziko kuti anafuna kusintha.

phenomenology Husserl amanenanso kuti dziko lapansi ndi nzeru za sayansi, ndipo amene akufuna kubweretsa izo mu dongosolo. Mtima wofuna normalization wa moyo anatuluka mpaka kumbuyo Greece wakale ndi kutsegula kwa anthu njira osawerengeka. Choncho, nzeru zapamwamba akumufunsira kuchita zinthu aluntha, kuyang'ana malamulo kuti atsogolere mchitidwe ndi chidziwitso. Ndi kuyamika nzeru, iye ankaganiza lingaliro la kupanga maphunziro. Monga mukuonera, ndi phenomenology wa Husserl - osati chiphunzitso zosavuta, koma malingaliro ake anayamba ntchito za M. Scheler, Heidegger, GG Shpet, Merleau-Ponty ndi ena.