Poinsettia (punchetia) - chisamaliro cha chomera ndi chidziwitso chake

Onani Poinsettia (Latin Euphorbia pulcherrima) amatanthauza mtundu wa Molochia wa banja Euphorbia. Mu chilengedwe, maluwa amenewa amamera pamapiri otentha a Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica ndipo amatha kufika mamita atatu m'litali. M'zipinda zotsekedwa, nthawi zambiri imakula pamwamba pa masentimita 60, kuwonjezera apo, mitundu yake yowakanizidwa yayitanidwa, yomwe kutalika kwake sikudutsa 30 cm.

Poinsettia elliptical, wavy pamphepete mwa masamba mpaka mamita 15 masentimita. Maluwa a chomera ndi ang'onoang'ono, osati okongola a rosettes a mtundu wachikasu. Chilengedwe chokongoletsera chimaperekedwa kwa mitundu iyi ndi bracts yamitundu yobiriwira. Mtundu wawo wautali ndi wofiira, koma tsopano obereketsa amabala mitundu ndi pinki, yoyera, kirimu, wachikasu komanso bicolour bracts.

M'mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya poinsettia amagulidwa pa maholide a Khirisimasi, ndipo pambuyo pa maluwa akutayidwa kunja. Komabe, n'zotheka kupanga komanso kuti maluwa omwewo akuphulire pa chaka chilichonse. Choncho, pambuyo pa kukula kwa poinsettia (kapena poinsetia), kusamalira zomwe zili ndi makhalidwe ambiri, zimafuna nthawi yopumula. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti maluwawo apumula, m'pofunika kutero mutatha kudula mabalawo kuti muchepetse zimayambira, kusiya mphukira osati masentimita 10. Phika ndi zomera zimatulutsidwa m'malo ozizira ndi kutentha kwa mpweya wa pansi pa 15 mpaka digrii Celsius, pang'onopang'ono madzi amatha.

Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, poinsettia imasamutsidwa bwino mumphika watsopano. Mbande ya mbeu iyi iyenera kukhala yopanda ndale: nthaka yamtundu, humus ndi mchenga ndi peat; Pansi ayenera kutsanulira madzi okwanira. Kuthirira pang'onopang'ono kumawonjezeka. Posakhalitsa mphukira zatsopano zidzawoneka pa poinsettia. Muyenera kusiya atatu okha kapena anayi okha - amphamvu kwambiri. Pambuyo pake, amafunika kufupikitsidwa nthawi ndi nthawi, kotero kuti chomeracho ndi chowopsa, ndipo sichikutambasula mpaka kumtunda. Nthawi yoyamba ikuwombera kumayambiriro kwa July (chimodzi ndi theka kufika pa masentimita awiri). Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala: monga molochas, poinsettia (punchetia), chisamaliro chomwe chimafuna chidwi, ndi maluwa owopsa - madzi ake amachititsa kukwiya khungu. Kuyambira pamene kutuluka kwa zimayambira, zomera zimadyetsedwa masabata awiri ndi feteleza ovuta. Pa nyengo yokula, maluwa amafunika kuunikira - ndi bwino kuyika pawindo lawindo lakumwera.

Poinsettia (punchetia), chisamaliro chomwe chimapereka kawirikawiri kufupikitsa mphukira, kumawonjezereka mwangwiro kupyolera mu cuttings cuttings. Pambuyo pake, ayenera kuloledwa kuima kwa theka la ora m'madzi otentha kuti achotse madzi otentha, ndikuchotsanso nsongazo. Muzu cuttings ungakhale m'madzi, mchenga kapena mchenga (1: 1) osakaniza; Mizu idzaonekera masabata awiri kapena atatu. Kufalitsa kwa poinsettia kuli bwino kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, ndipo pofika m'dzinja mizu ingabzalidwe miphika yosiyana.

Mbali yovuta kwambiri yosamalira chomera ichi ndi kukonzekera kwa maluwa (kukakamiza). Choncho, kuyambira masiku oyambirira a mwezi wa Oktoba, nkofunikira kupereka kuwala kwa poinsettia osachepera maola khumi patsiku. Maola khumi ndi atatu otsala, kuyambira 18.00 mpaka 8.00, chomerachi chiyenera kuchitika mdima wonse. Alimi ambiri amaika poinsettia madzulo pamakoma kapena khitchini, koma panthawi yomwe kuwala kumapyola mu ming'alu yake, timadontho timapangidwira pa bracts. Choncho, ndizodalirika kwambiri kuti mutsekeze kuchokera pamwamba ndi makatoni kapena thumba lakuda. Kusamalira poinsete pa nthawiyi ndizovuta, koma ngati mutatsatira ndondomeko yonse ya kukakamiza, miyezi iwiri mbeu idzaphuka. Ku Western Europe, nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kwa achibale ndi abwenzi pa Khirisimasi. Mosakayikira, mphatso yamtengo wapatali imeneyi idzakhala yosakayikira kwa okondedwa anu.

Ngakhale kuti zonsezi ndizosazindikira, poinsettia (pianetism), zomwe zimasamalira kuleza mtima, zakula ndi olima ambiri kwa zaka zingapo. M'malo moponyera mbewu kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira, munthu akhoza kuwonjezera moyo wake. Momwemonso, maluwa achilendo ndi nyenyezi ya Khirisimasi, yomwe imasamalira, ngakhale kuti ndi yovuta, koma yosavuta, idzakondweretsa iwe ndi mitundu yake yowala kwa zaka zambiri.