Population ndi dera Khabarovsk. Nthawi zone, nyengo, chuma ndi zokopa mu Khabarovsk

Ku Far East la Chitaganya cha Russia mzinda wa Khabarovsk. Ndi likulu la Khabarovsk Gawo ndi Far East Federal District wa Russia. Mu East, ndi mtsogoleri pa maphunziro, chikhalidwe ndi ndale. Ndi yaikulu mafakitale ndi chuma mzindawo. Inali pa mtunda wa pafupifupi 30 kuchokera ku malire Chinese.

Kodi kwenikweni Khabarovsk? ndi nyengo ya mzinda chiyani? ndi dera Khabarovsk chiyani? deta pa anthu likulu dera akupatsidwa pansipa. Komanso analankhula za chuma ndi kufotokoza mbali ya Khabarovsk.

General zokhudza mzinda

Khabarovsk pachiyambi m'gawo ndale, ndi malire palibe pakati pa Russian Federation ndi China. Izo zinali kokha pambuyo pangano wonse wa dziko adatsutsana chinaperekedwa kwa Russian Ufumu. Mu 1858, Khabarovsk linakhazikitsidwa, ndipo mu 1880 anali kupereka udindo wa mzinda. Kuyambira mu 2002, anakhala membala wa Far East Federal District.

mzindawo unakhala likulu la Khabarovsk Gawo. Iwo m'nyumba likulu la chigawo asilikali, 200 dera boma, komanso Utumiki wa Development ya Far East. Iye ndi membala wa Association of Siberia ndi Far East midzi.

Mu malo, kumene Khabarovsk intersect yaikulu mpweya ndi zoyendera njanji njirazo. mzinda ili kunja kwa mzinda wa boma mu zone osiyana nthawi. N'chifukwa chake funso lakuti: ". Angati ku Moscow ku Khabarovsk" Iwo lili pa mtunda wa 8 zikwi. 500 Km from likulu la Russia, ngati inu pitani pa sitima, ndi za 6 zikwi. Km la ndegeyo. Pakali pano, komanso anayamba zoyendera kutonthozana. Mzindawu uli ndege ziwiri, okwerera sitima zinayi, mtsinje doko.

Nyengo ndi nthawi zone wa Khabarovsk

ndi nyengo mumzinda chiyani? Ali Khabarovsk? mzinda lili kum'mwera otsika Sredneamurskaya, kumene awiriwo merging mitsinje Ussuri ndi Amur. Ndasambitsa Japan ndi Okhotsk nyanja. mtunda ake ndi osiyanasiyana. Chigawo chapakati ili pa mapiri wofatsa (Hills) pamwamba pa nyanja ya 70-90 m.

Chifukwa moyandikana kunyanja, nyengo ndi kotentha Khabarovsk, ndi yotenthera ofunda, koma mvula ndi nyengo yozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha pafupifupi kuzungulira - madigiri 20, ndipo m'katikati mwa July kutentha ndi 21 madigiri. Khabarovsk yamvula mtundu nyengo, chifukwa chisanu pang'ono chisanu ndi ozizira mu M'nyengo yotentha ndi mvula kawirikawiri. Mu January 2011, kutentha wotsikitsitsa madigiri -41 analembedwa ndi olosera. M'chaka cha 2010 thermometer thermometer anasonyeza kutentha pazipita digiri 36,7.

Khabarovsk nthawi zone ili mu nthawi Vladivostok ndi kuchepetsa ndi maola 10 pa Time mgwirizano Universal (UTC). Kusiyana ndi likulu la Russia +7 maola.

Population ndi dera Khabarovsk

Khabarovsk dera kwambiri kulibe asezare dera la Chitaganya cha Russia. Zingamvekere makamaka nyengo wouma mtima, ndi kuchepa zachuma, omwe akupitiriza kuyambira nthawi pambuyo Soviet. Pakuti 2017, anthu m'dera la 1 miliyoni 333 zikwi. Anthu 294, kumene anthu kachulukidwe ndi wofanana 1,69 munthu pa kilometre lalikulu.

Ngakhale pali mavuto, Khabarovsk anthu kuchuluka chaka chilichonse. Mu 2003, chiwerengero cha anthu chinali 580 zikwi. Anthu 400, ndi pa kuwerengetsera mawunikidwe mu 2017 ku likulu la dera, kunyumba kwa 616 zikwi. Anthu 242. Mzindawu uli ndi anthu wachiwiri kukula pakati pa mizinda ya Far East.

Chiwerengero cha Khabarovsk ndi Khabarovsk Gawo loloseredwa ndi osiyanasiyana. Mu 2010, kuchuluka kwa anthu a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ali motere:

• za 92% - Russian;
• 2.1% - Ukrainians;
• 0,8% - Nanais;
• 0,6% - Korea, Chitata;
• 0.4% - Belarusians evenks;
• 0,3% - Chinese.

Mbali yaikulu (pafupifupi 65%) mu Far East - antchito ophunzira. Anthu ambiri ali ku yunivesite. Ana ndi achinyamata amapanga - 19% ya anthu, pamene pensioners - 16%.

Khabarovsk mzinda makonzedwe akuyesera kutukula mabanja ndi ana ambiri mumzinda: kupeza khalidwe zaumoyo, ngongole za chithandizo, konzanso ana chinkhoswe mu mabanja amene amapeza ndalama zochepa, kumanga playgrounds, mitengo zomera ndi minda Parks, etc ...

Khabarovsk dera ndi 386 km². mzinda akutambasula m'mphepete mwa nyanja - 33 Km.

The mfumu ya mzinda

Khabarovsk Meya kuyambira September 2000, dzina lake Aleksandr Nikolaevich Sokolov. Iye anasankhidwa zaka 4. Mu 1981 anaikidwa mutu wa mafakitale ndi zoyendera dipatimenti ya Railway Committee District Party. Mu 1983 anakhala mlembi wa komiti ya chipani cha mbewu kwa iwo. Zowawa, 1986, ndipo apatsidwa wotsogolera ake.

Mu Khabarovsk, 1990 chisankho demokalase choyamba mu Bungwe la anthu akuluakulu a City. A. N. Sokolova wasankhidwa kuti malo a kazembe ndi wapampando wa Bungwe la City. luso lake apeze anthu amphamvu ndi ntchito yaikulu anathandiza kupambana chisankho. Kale mu 1993 anaikidwa Wachiwiri mutu wa utsogoleli pa nkhani zachuma.

Pa chisankho wachiwiri 2004, A. N. Sokolov anatenga malo otchuka ndi yagoletsa 83,84% ya mavoti onse. Meya wa Khabarovsk komanso anasankhidwa wachitatu, wachinayi akuti mu ofesi ndipo amagwira ntchito pa positi lero.

Loyang'anira magawano m'zigawo

mzinda lagawidwa m'zigawo 4: Central, Northern, ndi Kumwera Railway.

Zigawo anawagawa m'maboma a Khabarovsk. Mu mzinda, pali 5 m'maboma utsogoleri:

1. Chapakati - ndi limodzi mwa madera akale utsogoleri, mzinda pansi m'tawuni. Dera ndi 9,5 makilomita lalikulu. Kumasiyana ndi zina zambiri otukuka zomangamanga, ukhondo ndi beautification. Bwino anayamba dongosolo zoyendera. Pali maphunziro, chikhalidwe ndi kugula malo. Ndi siteshoni mtsinje ndi pamsika waukulu. Pakuti 2017 chiwerengero cha anthu m'derali, pali 96 chikwi. 155 anthu.
2. Krasnoflotsky - chigawo ndi anthu 91 zikwi 997 okhala ..
3. M'dera Kirov kwa 2017 anthu amoyo 53 chikwi. 674.
4. M'dera Railway anthu 151 sauzande. Anthu 990. Iye ni mmodzi wa madera akuluakulu kwambiri pa kum'mawa kwa mzinda. Icho chinakhazikitsidwa mu 1938 mkulu wa Supreme Soviet. m'gawo lake ndi za 9,6 zikwi. mahekitala. Pali ndege, pasiteshoni ya sitima, kokwerera mabasi ndi airfield asilikali.
5. Industrial m'dera ndi waukulu. Iwo anakhala anthu 222 sauzande. 426. Ili kum'mwera. M'deralo pali kuwiri magalimoto misewu kuti awoloke mzinda kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kummwera.

Makampani ndi chuma

Khabarovsk zomera zimapanga zambiri za mzinda mafakitale. Pali 86 lalikulu makampani makampani. ntchito Main:

• processing kupanga;
• kupanga ndi kufalitsa mpweya madzi ndiponso magetsi;
• aya ndi zoyendera;
• luso lopanga;
• zitsulo processing;
• nkhuni ndi makampani mafuta;
• yomanga;
• kupereka Catering ndi malonda;
• ntchito chitukuko m'munda wa malo.

Popeza mzinda ndi wovutika wa zomangamanga masiku ano ntchito yomanga maofesi zogona mumzinda pali limagwirira kukopa ndalama kwa nthawi yayitali. Mu 2008, iwo anakopeka pafupifupi mamiliyoni 46 rubles la ndalama zomangira nyumba.

Apa, Pali 28. mabizinezi oyang'anira tauni kuti ntchito kumabungwe 7 chuma. Oterewa ndi gawo la likulu la cuma. Kuchuluka kwa chuma chawo ndi wofanana rubles biliyoni 13,1.

Khabarovsk mzinda makonzedwe zachitika dongosolo njira chitukuko mpaka 2020. Konzekerani 60 mapulogalamu akulimbana, ambiri mwa lolunjika pa vuto la zachuma ndi chikhalidwe. Kukhazikitsa zofunika:

• kulenga zabwino, malo abwino kwa nzika za dziko;
• chilengedwe cha pakati sayansi ndi luso m'chigawo;
• mapangidwe malonda ndi zoyendera mmene kukumana m'chigawo;
• kusintha kwa likulu ndi ndale Russia ku Far East.

zoyendera njanji

Ku Far East mofulumira osauka sitima yomanga. Mbiri ya siteshoni mzinda tangoyamba ndi ulamuliro wa Romanov kwambiri. Malinga ndi mbiri yakale, ndi iwo amene anaika mwala woyamba kumene tsopano akukumana lalikulu njanji maulendo onyamula katundu lalikulu ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu.

Mu 1891 anamangira Ussuri sitima, ndipo mu 1897 anali anamanga msewu pakati Khabarovsk ndi Vladivostok. Kumangidwa kwa malo Trans-Siberia Amur wawasinthira mumzindamo yaikulu likulu zoyendera. Choncho panali sitima Khabarovsk-2. Zotsatira lalikulu sitima m'dera inamangidwa.

Railway Station Khabarovsk-1 - ndi kuimitsa sitima siteshoni, amene chidwi alendo ndi zomangamanga wapachiyambi. Iwo chinamasulidwa mu 1905. Ili siteshoni pakati pa mzinda. Pa ake chaka zana ndi khumi siteshoni wakhala kwathunthu anakongoletsa likuvutika bajeti mzinda, ndi thandizo la ogula m'deralo. Ku siteshoni kale anakhalabe labwinobwino kokhaku chipilala E. P. Habarovu, amene amaima pa forecourt lapansi.

zoyendera mzinda

Khabarovsk ali ofunikira kwambiri padziko lonse ndi dera zisonyezo zoyendera kumadzulo kumpoto kwa dzikolo. City zikugwirizana ndi mfundo boma la msewu "Ussuri", "Cupid", "Khabarovsk, Komsomolsk pa-Amur" ndi "East". siteshoni basi inamangidwa 1893, chomwe chingathe kukhala ridership okwera mazana asanu pa ora. mabasi mayiko kugwirizana pakati ndi mbali ya kum'mawa.

Ndi Amur mtsinje navigation anagwira zonyamula kapena katundu ndi Amur mtsinje. ziwiya kutumiza anapangidwa (onse katundu ndi zonyamula) m'madera akumidzi, dera Far East. Mzindawu uli mtsinje doko katundu, okwera - siteshoni mtsinje, ntchito Khabarovsk kukonza ndi ntchito m'munsi mwa zombo za. Pansi m'mphepete mwa mtsinje, okwera amalimbikitsidwa ndi ngalawa "chammwamba" ndi kukwera Tunguska mtsinje akuthamanga mndandanda wa zombo mkulu-liwiro "Zarya". Mu Soviet Union, mtsinje Amur anapita sitima. Panopa, maboti izi kale anathetsa Komabe, zikuoneka kuti mizere sitima kubwerera m'tsogolo.

Chabwino anayamba zoyendera mpweya Khabarovsk. Air ntchito akutsatiridwa kudzera ndege yaing'ono ndi yaikulu, yomwe ili pafupi khumi makilomita kuchokera pakati pa Khabarovsk. Komanso, mzindawu ali ndi Nawonso achichepere a zombo ndege kukonza. Kudzera mu mpweya opha magalimoto ndi zone ndege Japan - Europe. Nawa usilikali airfields chapakati ndi Dynamo.

Mzinda trams chombo mabasi trolley, matakisi ndi mabasi. Kutalika kwa mizere intercity zoyendera 500 makilomita. Chifukwa maukonde zovuta za mitsinje mobisa ndi phiri mtunda mu mzinda izo sizinali anamanga mobisa. Chotero yomanga ndi adzawononga Khabarovsk, imene chilema chilichonse amakhoza kupita mobisa.

Art ndi chikhalidwe mzinda

Khabarovsk ndi osati mafakitale pakati yaikulu, komanso mzinda wa chitukuko ku Far East. Ndizoonekeratu zakale mzindawo ntchito:

1. Regional Museum. Idamangidwa mu 1894 mothandizidwa wa Amur nthambi ya Russian Society Geographical. Pamaso nyumbayi wakhala anaika mwala kamba masekeli 6 TH. 400 makilogalamu. Mu 2005, m'nyumbayi anatsegula latsopano chionetsero Amur nsomba.
2. Archaeology Museum. A. P. Okladnikova.
3. City History Museum. Iwo chinamasulidwa mu 2004. Pali owonetsera zakale zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho Khabarovsk ndi nthawi kuti nthawi amakono chisanadze chosintha.
4. Museum wa Art.
5. Asilikali zakale Museum ya Far East District. Iye anayamba kugwira ntchito mu 1983. Pali zitsanzo za zida za nkhondo ku nthawi zosiyanasiyana.
6. Museum wa Amur mlatho.
7. Art Gallery. Fedotov.
8. Museum wa History Khabarovsk-1 siteshoni.

Kuyambira mu 1978, mozama chapakati Library. P. Komarov, komanso nthambi zake khumi. Komanso inamangidwa Library Ana. A. Gaidar ndi Scientific Library ya Academy of Sciences ndi Chilamulo.

Luso ndi mabwalo

Mu mzinda kwambiri m'madera ndi zipilala. Khwalala waukulu wa Khabarovsk - Lenin. Pa ndi parades onse a mumzindawo ndi chikondwerero zikondwerero kwambiri m'deralo. Iwo chimatengedwa ngati wokongola kwambiri mu mzindawo. Kudera lapakati wa Khabarovsk - Ulemerero lalikulu. Iwo chinamasulidwa mu 1975. Ndi chipilala kuti ngwazi za Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Komsomolskaya Square - wamkulu mu mzinda. Mu 1923 izo anadzatchedwa ku Red Square.

Mu 2012, mumzinda kupereka mutu aulemu wa Russian Federation "City a usilikali Ulemerero." Polemekeza udindo anamangidwira Stella. Kutsegula wake chinachitika mu 2015, ndiyo makumi chaka chikumbutso cha mapeto a Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Pa phazi la chipilala kuti makonzedwe mzinda akufuna posachedwapa kutsegula kowonera zakale oyang'anira tauni zoyenera za nkhaniyo.

Sitediyamu dzina la Lenin chipilala "Black Tulip" polemekeza asilikali anaphedwa mu nkhondo Afghanstan wakhala anaika. Mlembi wa chipilala cha zinadziwika ziboliboli J. Cook. "Black Tulip" amakopeka kwambiri chidwi la alendo zimene ndinganene - a m'deralo sangathe kuyang'ana mmbuyo ku chipilala cha, amangotchula akudutsa. Ambiri mumzinda okhala kubwera kudzamuona, kulemekeza kukumbukira achibale kapena anzake.

Near kusitediyamu ndi chipilala kwa zokometsera kwa mzinda Young. chipilala inamangidwa mu 2004 ulemu chifukwa cha anthu amene anaphedwa pa 1921 Civil nkhondo.

Pa nsanja lubwe ndi chipilala kuti Captain Y. Dyachenko. Linamangidwa basi pa zopereka a m'tauni. Pafupi chipilala ndi msewu kuti chikutchedwa munthu.

zokopa wotchuka

Kuposa zaka zana zapitazo, Amur mlatho inamangidwa - ndi chozizwa wa luso ndi mlatho waukulu lonse Russia. Pali m'bungwe njanji ndi ziwiri vehicular magalimoto. Izo zikugwirizana ndi mtsinje wa Amur Mtsinje. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa malo apadera mu mzinda.

Mu Khabarovsk malo ano ambiri okongola kuti kukachezera ngati alendo ndi m'tauni. Mu 1983 kuti inamangidwa kukongola chodabwitsa cha mzinda dziwe. Iwo zigwirizana mayiwe atatu kuti analengedwa kugwa ndi kulekanitsidwa ndi damu yaing'ono. Iwo ponseponse pa makwalala wobiriwira ndi pamthunzi. Mu 2011, anakhazikitsa svetoillyuminatsiyu ndi zida kasupe m'mayiwe. Tsopano anthu ambiri tasonkhana pano madzulo kusangalala m'kuwala amasonyeza, ndi tsiku kungoyenda pafupi, amene ngati kudandaula okoma a akasupe.

Komanso, mzindawo padoko iwo. Nevelsky ndi chikhomo. Amur phompho - kunyada kwa nzika okha. Mu malo awa okongola kumasuka mabanja zambiri anthu am'deralo, ndiye amakonza misonkhano okonda, monga kuyenda nzika okalamba. Amur phompho imatengedwa makamaka chikondi malo mabanja ndi honeymooners, mu "ukwati nyengo" muno ndiyeno kujambulidwa mkwati ndi mkwatibwi, ndipo anthu ankakhulupirira kuti ili ndi malo kukaona pa tsiku la ukwati - ndi chimwemwe amphamvu banja. Amur phompho ili mu gawo wotchuka wa Khabarovsk.

Komsomolskaya Square ndi kunyada ina ya Far East - Grado-Khabarovsk Cathedral wa Dormition ya Amayi a Mulungu. Lililonse wapaulendo kuyendera kuti mukawone okongola kwambiri a zomangamanga a tchalitchi. Kutalika kwa kachisi ndi 50 m. Yake yoyamba yomweyo akuonekera pakhomo la mzinda. Kumangidwa inamangidwa kwa zaka khumi, ndipo mu 1886 utumiki woyamba unachitika mu izo.

Muraviev-Amursky Street - wina odziwika bwino pakati onse m'deralo ndi alendo ofanana osati Russia, komanso ku mayiko ena, kukopa kwa mzinda. Iwo uli pano anasunga nyumba yakale kwambiri kuti aime motsutsa maziko a mzinda wamakono, kukumbukira zakale. Pa msewu pali momasuka odyera ambiri ndi malo omwera kuti kupereka khofi ndi chofufumitsa komanso chakudya wathunthu pa mitengo yotsika mtengo, komanso kuno ndi abwino mafilimu a kanema. Mu masitolo kugulitsa alendo Far East alendo.