Potaziyamu thiocyanate - chinthu poizoni ntchito umagwirira mawunikidwe

Potaziyamu thiocyanate (kumene masiku IUPAC nomenclature - potaziyamu thiocyanate) - timibulu popanda mtundu ndi fungo; mu finely anagawa tatenga woyera. thunthu ali ndi owawa kukoma Fungo lamphamvu lamankhwala, chakupha. Potaziyamu thiocyanate kwambiri sungunuka solvents ambiri, monga madzi, Mowa, ndi amyl mowa.

phwando

pawiri kukonzekera kudzera mankhwala, chimasiyanitsa izo ku zinthu zachilengedwe (magazi ndi malovu a anthu) - ndi zodula kwambiri. Kuti lithe ndi thiocyanate potassium zofunika kusakaniza njira ya thiocyanate ammonium ndi hydroxide potaziyamu (dzina wamba - hydroxide potaziyamu).

Kuyesera zinachitikadi pansi pa nyumba, chifukwa amoniya zingachititse amayaka mankhwala ndi poizoni; ndiye kusefera wa njira woyeretsedwa anali chamunthuyo ndi zotsalira kupereka timibulu thunthu ankafuna. Pamene linanena bungwe mankhwala peresenti makumi asanu ndi okwanira ammonium thiocyanate woyera nyemba, njira imeneyi ndi othandiza kwambiri.

Njira ina ndi sulfure alloyed ndi cyanide potassium koma ndi ntchito kwa yokonza thiocyanate potaziyamu ndi woopsa kwambiri chifukwa cha kawopsedwe mkulu wa cyanide.

ntchito

Zona potaziyamu thiocyanate, opangidwa kuchokera zace, ndi njira ndi woipa osiyana a Boma ochepa. Mwachitsanzo:

• Nsalu makampani.
• Zithunzi filimu.
• Organic kaphatikizidwe.
• Analytical zimapangidwira.

Madera a ntchito

1. Makampani nsalu. potaziyamu thiocyanate njira ntchito etching zimakhala, mwachitsanzo - silika, pa ntchito akagwira kusunga katundu koyamba kwa nkhaniyo.
2. Mu kaphatikizidwe organic. Kuyambira potaziyamu thiocyanate apanga ena zinthu organic, monga thiourea, ndi kupanga mpiru mafuta ndi utoto zosiyanasiyana. Analandiranso mothandizidwa ndi thiocyanates zina, mwachitsanzo - mkuwa thiocyanate-2.
3. Mu umagwirira mawunikidwe, potaziyamu thiocyanate njira ntchito mtima wa cations wa trivalent chitsulo m'nkhaniyo. Chitsanzo fanizo ndi anachita, zimene zimaphatikizapo thiocyanate potaziyamu ndi ferric mankhwala enaake 3, amatchedwanso "mwazi wa madzi," limene ndi purplish yofiira potaziyamu hexacyanoferrate 3; dzina wamba - ofiira mchere. Thiocyanates komanso ntchito kupatukana zitsulo osowa monga thorium ndi lanthanum. Thiocyanate, mankhwala enaake potaziyamu ndi zakudya posachedwapa amathandiza kupanga magazi yokumba kwa kinosomok, koma njira izi zikupita mmphepete mwa njira chifukwa oyamba kupanga filimu ya zithunzi kompyuta.
4. Mu ulimi, kuchokera njira zopezera Thiocyanates tizirombo amphamvu. Pali zochita ziwiri:

• Choyamba - kulandira mpweya thiocyano ndi pochotsa mchere potaziyamu; Rodan ndi mpweya choopsa kwambiri kwa zamoyo zonse ndipo kawirikawiri ntchito.
• Chachiwiri - Kutha thiocyanate potassium mlandu anamasulidwa pa hydrolysis tsianovodorodnoy acid ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa chinthu zapangitsa kuti cyanogen. Cyan - chimodzimodzi poizoni, koma lolemera mpweya poyerekeza ndi Rodan, choncho nthawi zambiri ntchito ngati tizilombo ndi.

Potaziyamu thiocyanate ndi chinthu poizoni mlingo woopsa ndi za 0,9 magalamu a mankhwala pa kilogalamu ya kulemera kwa thupi pa kukonzekera m'kamwa pawiri lapansi.

kupezeka

potaziyamu thiocyanate zikhoza kugulidwa pa mankhwala alionse shopu, koma zedi ang'onoang'ono chifukwa cha kawopsedwe m'malo okwezeka. Mtengo avareji reagent ndi - rubles anayi pa kilogalamu, kugulitsa makamaka okha mapaundi awiri pa munthu.

chitetezo

Chifukwa kawopsedwe ake, thiocyanate potaziyamu ayenera kusungidwa mu zinthu zapadera malinga ndi malamulo chitetezo othetsera poizoni:

1. Makhiristo ndi njira ya thiocyanate potaziyamu koletsedwa ingested ndipo kwambiri osafunika ingress njira ndi mkulu wa ndende thunthu zofunika khungu.
2. Ngakhale kuti mankhwala ndi poizoni kokha pamene kugwiritsa ntchito mkati ndi katundu zabwino mu Golovesi labu malaya, ndipo, monga mankhwala onse pa zofunikira chitetezo.
3. M'pofunika kupeza chuma kwa ana ndi anthu amene alibe chidziwitso cha katswiri monga zingayambitse zochitika zosasangalatsa imfa ya reagents, kumwa, ndi imfa yadzidzidzi.
4. Popeza mankhwala nonflammable ndi mokwanira khola mu mlengalenga, n'zotheka kusamalira mankhwala yosungirako mu mdima. youma chipinda. Pewani chinyezi mkulu ndi dzuwa, ngati zingachitike chifukwa kuwonongeka kwa reagent kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zikuluzikulu. Komanso muyezo NFPA 704 orthorhombic olemba ali ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi: 3 0 0 W, mmene 3 (a buluu lozenge) - kawopsedwe, 0 (chifukwa wofiira ndi wachikasu) - flammability ndi reactivity, ndi W - chizindikiro kwa mogwirizana ndi madzi, amene anamasulidwa chakupha asidi thiocyanic.

Ndipo kumbukirani, zatsopano mankhwala - ndi chodabwitsa ndi wapadera, koma kusanyalanyaza tipewe ngozi!