Poyerekeza makhalidwe a Kutuzov ndi Napoleon: tebulo. Kutuzov chithunzichi buku L. N. Tolstogo "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere"

Mmodzi wa olemba wapadera ndi wanzeru, wotchuka padziko lonse lapansi, "Velikaya Nadezhda Russian mabuku", munthu amene anayesa kuti adzathe kuunikira moyo, kumvetsa malamulo ake ndi kumasulira chinsinsi. Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy anali tione mwapadera pa dongosolo la dziko, kuphatikizapo iye mwini ndi chiphunzitso cha udindo wa mbiri ya munthu ndi kufunika kwake pa nkhani ya muyaya. Mu buku "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" Lingaliro la ophatikizidwa akuluakulu a nkhondo a magulu awiri ankhondo kwambiri. Poyerekeza makhalidwe a Kutuzov ndi Napoleon (tebulo ndi mfundo mwachidule nkhani adzakhala pansipa) amalola kuti awulule kwathunthu mtima wolemba la funso lakuti: "Kodi munthu kulenga nkhani"

Moyo ndi Works L. N. Tolstogo

moyo Tolstoy ndi zonse zochitika. unyamata wake unachitikira St. Petersburg, pamene iye anali mmodzi wa mbewu yaikulu ndi Playboy kudziwika. Ndiye tsoka n'kupita naye ku Crimea nkhondo, kenako wolemba anabwerera ku likulu. Pali kale kukhwima ndipo anawona kwambiri, anayamba kugwirizana ndi magazini "Contemporary", mwatcheru kulankhulana ndi ndodo mkonzi (Na Nekrasov, A. N. Ostrovsky, I. S. Turgenev). Tolstoy limafalitsa "Sevastopol Nkhani" omwe akupereka chithunzi, iye anayendayenda nkhondo. Ndiye amayendera Europe ndipo akadali osakondwa.

Mu 1956 chimakagona n'kuyamba moyo mwinimunda mu Yasnaya Polyana. Kukwatira, kuchita ulimi, ndipo analemba mabuku wotchuka kwambiri ndi nkhani: "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere", "Anna Karenina", "Sunday", "The Kreutzer Sonata".

Tolstoy anamwalira mu 1910 pa sitima.

Buku "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere"

Yadzaoneni buku limafotokoza zochitika za Napoleonic Nkhondo (1805-1812 gg.). mankhwala anali bwino yaikulu onse mu Russia ndi ku Ulaya. "Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" - chithunzi kuti alibe analogues mu mabuku. Tolstoy anatha amasonyeza magulu onse chikhalidwe, kuyambira ndi kutsiriza ndi mafumu asilikali. Zamoyo kochuruka kwa khalidwe ndi kukhulupirika kwa mafano, aliyense khalidwe Zikuoneka kuti moyo zonse blooded munthu. Wolemba anatha kuona kusonyeza zizindikiro zonse za kuwerenga maganizo a anthu Russian ku lapamwamba ku gusts osatekeseka, pafupifupi bestial khamu mtima.

Kutuzov kunapezeka chithunzi chodabwitsa chimakhudzana ndi Russia ndi anthu ake. Zotsutsana za iye lililonse mtima narcissistic ndi odzikonda Napoleon. Ndi atchulidwa tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane.

Udindo wa umunthu m'mbiri Napoleon ndi Kutuzov

Tolstoy nthawi anamukweza ukulu ndi mphamvu ya anthu Russian anasonyeza buku lake kuti akapambana nkhondo. Komanso, mphamvu za mtundu maziko a m'nkhaniyi Unikani kuchita buku la. Choncho Kutuzov - mkulu ndi asilikali kwambiri - m'gulu la anthu Russian, si kwambiri munthu monga mbali ya dziko. Ndi mgwirizano ndi anthu ndikulonjeza Kutuzov chigonjetso.

Zotsutsana ndi Napoleon, amene analekana ndi dziko, akuganizira pafupifupi mulungu. Mwatsatanetsatane kusiyana atchulidwa chikusonyeza poyerekeza khalidwe Kutuzov ndi Napoleon (tebulo anakonza m'munsimu). Koma tikhoza kale kuti, malinga Tolstoy, munthu amene wadzipereka kwa osakwatira-handedly kusintha dziko, silingayende bwino.

Chifanizo cha Kutuzov

Tolstoy akuonetsedwa Kutuzov mu buku la mtundu wakale uja ndi chidziwitso chabwino kwambiri cha moyo ndi kumvetsa zimene zichitike m'tsogolomu. Iye amadziwa kuti nkhondo ya Austerlitz adzataika, ndi modekha kuyankhula za izo. Tulo pa bwalo la akulu, podziwa zimene mapeto kukambirana zonse. Kutuzov akuona zimachitika, kudziwa malamulo ake. chosalanga chuma nzeru wowerengeka, yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale potsogolera zochita zake.

Kutuzov - mkulu, koma zochita zake imvera chifuniro ambiri a nkhani wamkulu, iye anali iye "kapolo". Koma njira yokha kudikira, zikanakhala zotheka kuti apambane. Mfundo imeneyi chinali mu khalidwe la Tolstoy a Kutuzov.

Chifanizo cha Napoleon

Mfumu Napoleon Bonaparte - ndi chosiyana kwambiri Kutuzov. Mosiyana ndi umunthu chonse cha ambiri Russian, Tolstoy chikusonyezera French mfumu m'njira ziwiri: mwamuna ndi mtsogoleri. Monga ambiri Napoleon ndi luso, iye ali ndi chuma cha zinachitikira ndi kudziwa zokhudza nkhondo.

Koma Tolstoy a chigawo chachikulu ndi makhalidwe monga anthu, wauzimu, makhalidwe maganizo. Ndi chikutanthauza wolemba debunks fano chikondi cha mkulu mdani. Kale mu kufotokoza maonekedwe a Napoleon anawona wolemba maganizo akuti: "zazing'ono", "mafuta", unremarkable poser ndi wodzikonda.

Napoleon - Mfumu ya French, koma anali ndi mphamvu zochepa pa dziko lake, iye akuwona yekha monga wolamulira wa dziko, amadziona kukhala opambana ena. Chilakolako kuti likhale wokhawokha iye, ali osauka mwamakhalidwe ndi sangamve, kukonda, sangalalani. Napoleon anapita mitembo kuti cholinga chawo, chifukwa palibe cholakwika njira iliyonse. "Opambana sapatsidwa" - kuti ndi Mwambi wake.

Poyerekeza makhalidwe a Kutuzov ndi Napoleon: tebulo

generalization pa tebulo

Poyerekeza makhalidwe Kutuzov ndi Napoleon (Table anapereka pamwamba) zochokera chitsutso individualistic ndi mayiko. Ndi munthu yekhayo amene akuganizira yekha apamwamba kuposa ena, akhoza kuyamba nkhondo yoopsayo chifukwa cha zolinga zawo. khalidwe sangakhale ngwazi, kotero Tolstoy, umunthu wake ndi chikhulupiriro mu nzeru za anthu, imathandiza zoipa ndi chonyansa. Maonekedwe, gait, khalidwe, ngakhale khalidwe la Napoleon - zonsezi ndi zotsatira za chilakolako chake kuti akhale sikuti.

Kutuzov, anzeru, bata, mwakuwoneka anafooka umabweretsa ulamuliro wonse wa anthu Russian. Iye sikuti kusankha - chakuti amatsata njira za zochitika. Iye safuna kuti kulenga nkhani - ndi womvera kwa iwo. Modzichepetsa umenewu uli mphamvu yake yauzimu ndi makhalidwe abwino, amene anathandiza apambane nkhondo.

Pomaliza

"Nkhondo ndi Mtendere" anamaliza mphamvu zosaneneka za anthu L. N. Tolstoy mu buku lake. Kufotokoza mwa chidule za mphamvu kwapatsidwa mwa chitsanzo cha chifano cha Kutuzov, amene ankatsutsa osauka mwauzimu, sindikumvetsa anthu awo, kuti Napoleon. The kwambiri Russian asilikali ndipo mfumu French ophatikizidwa mfundo ziwiri: zaphindu ndi zowononga. Ndipo, ndithudi, zaumunthu Tolstoy sakanakhoza Napoleon mbali iliyonse positive. Iye sakanakhoza kudetsa chifanizo cha Kutuzov. otchulidwa buku ali pang'ono kuchita ndi zithunzi weniweni mbiri. Koma Leo ndi ine anawalenga iwo kuti timvetse mfundo yake ya mbiri yakale.