Snorri Sturluson - Chiayisilandiki novelist, wolemba mbiri wandale

Snorri Sturluson - wotchuka Chiayisilandiki ndakatulo, novelist, wolemba mbiri States. Iye amadziwika chifukwa anasonkhanitsa akale sagas Scandinavia, ntchito zake adakali ankaphunzira mwakhama sayansi mbiri ngati chipilala wapatali mbiri yakale wa maiko a kumpoto.

zaka zoyambirira

Snorri Sturluson anabadwa mu 1178 ku Iceland. Iye anali wa m'banja la nzika otchuka. Snorri anakulira wolemekezeka banja wachibale wa mfumu Norway, komwe adalandira maphunziro abwino. Tsogolo wotchuka wolemba, anaphunzira za malamulo, ndakatulo, mabuku, koma ambiri Chofunika, muli nacho yodziwa sagas wakale, amene kenako anapanga maziko a ntchito yake yotchuka. wasayansi posachedwapa anadziwika monga ndakatulo ndi luso ndi loya.

Iye akutsutsana tinakwatirana mu 1199, ndipo mkazi wake analandira malowolo wabwino. Kwenikweni, iye anali wotchuka ndi luso lake yekha Kandachime amphamvu ndipo mothandizidwa ndi abale awo mabanja tikhale woyang'anira otchuka. Snorri Sturluson anali wotchuka mu dziko lakwawo ndi luso chithunzi anthu, umboni ndi mfundo yakuti iye anasankhidwa lawspeaker - pamalo amene ankaona yapamwamba kwambiri pa nthawiyo. Kenako Komabe, ntchito zake zandale mwadzidzidzi anasintha.

mu Norway

Snorri Sturluson mu 1218 anachoka kwawo ndi anasamukira ku utumiki kwa mfumu Norway. Iye anali wamng'ono kwambiri, ndipo pamene regent Jarl Schooley. Chiayisilandiki wolemba anakhala kucheza ndi iye nakhala wochirikiza wake, komano yotsirizira Inayesetsa kulimbikitsa mphamvu zake, mwayi wolamulira wachinyamata. Wolemba ndakatulo anasangalala zothandizira mipingo yawo ya bwalo Norway, ndi zochita zawo zikuoneka kuti ntchito kulumikiza m'dziko lake ndi Norway. Kumene, mochititsa chandale imawonongeka mbiri yake mu dziko lakwawo, kumene ambiri otchuka azandale ankakhulupirira kuti sizingatiletse udindo wapamwamba lawspeaker. Snorri Sturluson, yonena ndi chidwi ambiri zokwera ndi zotsika ya ndale Komabe, imadziwika ndi wasayansi ndi wokhometsa Antiquities Denmark.

skaldic ndakatulo buku

Chiayisilandiki wolemba wotchuka chifukwa Atasonkhanitsa ndipo limafotokozedwa mwachidule mu ntchito zake, magwero ambiri wakale wa Masewerera a Nordic nthano. Zimasonyeza chakuti nthawi imene ntchito izi lofalitsidwa, mwambo uwu m'nthano kale zikuzimiririka pang'onopang'ono zakale. Koma wofunika kwambiri ntchito za wolemba wachifundo kwambiri anabwera kusonkhana curiosities zolembalemba. Snorri Sturluson, "Mkonzi" ( "Edda"), zomwe mwina mmodzi wa anthu otchuka kwambiri za ntchito zake, ankakonda nthano zakale ndi folklore. Pa mfundo imeneyi ndi mu 1220-ntchentche analenga ntchito yake yotchuka pa ndakatulo skaldic anatipatsa kuti dziŵani owerenga ndi njira wakale wa zilandiridwenso ndakatulo. Koma ntchito ndi chidwi ndi wapadera mbiri lingaliro, limene nthano za, nthano ndi zogwirizana kwambiri ndi mzake, choncho kuti mtsutso za zili ndi tanthauzo la ntchito akadali maganizo pakati pa asayansi.

kapangidwe

Chitsime chachikulu ndakatulo iyi wakhala Saga. Snorri Sturluson potengera mtundu wa m'nthano mtundu wanyimbo analenga ntchito yake. Chidwi okhutira "Wamng'ono Edda", limene anapereka masomphenya ake a dziko ndi mbiri yake. Atsegula akulemba oyamba, imene nkhani mbiri za mmene amuna Scandinavia kumanzere Troy n'kukakhala kumpoto kwa Ulaya, kumene anthu a m'deralo anazindikira ulamuliro wawo. Gawo lachiwiri amatchedwa "Gylfaginning". Mmenemo wolemba Limanena za mmene konung anayenda kudziwa ndi kuphunzira ndondomeko amaphunzira za dziko ndi mfundo za kugwira ntchito yake. Nyimbo imeneyi inali yabwino kwambiri chifukwa kufotokoza maganizo Scandinavia m'nthano za chibadwa, thambo ndi nkhani za ngwazi lodziwika bwino ndi theka-lodziwika bwino.

Gawo lachitatu likuchita ndi ndizosowa ndakatulo. Iwo Snorri likufotokozanso zoyamba za ndakatulo Scandinavia poganizira njira monga kusintha mayina ndi osiyana lexical kalembedwe. Pomaliza, otsiriza ndi lonse chiwerengero ndime nyimbo za wolemba, amene pa chitsanzo chawo atsimikiza embodiments zosiyanasiyana Scandinavia mawu. Tikumbukenso kuti pa moyo wa ndakatulo wolemba sanali otchuka - M'malo mwake, iwo nthawi zambiri amawanena kuti kalembedwe ake kukongoletsa ndi kuvuta m'chifanizo cha maganizo ndi mfundo. Pa nthawi ino otsutsa mabuku tione zimene zinamuchitikira m'nyimbo monga chidwi chipilala pa potsanzira alakatuli wakale Denmark.

Collection sagas

Mmodzi wa okhometsa otchuka zakale anali Snorri Sturluson. "The malekezero a dziko lapansi" - mankhwala wapadera, imene ili ndi kuchuluka yaikulu osunga mbiri osati maiko Masewerera a Nordic, koma pa boma lalikulu monga Ancient Russia, Byzantium, England. wolemba analemba ntchito yake pamaziko a magwero onse olembedwa ndi m'kamwa. Koma maziko ntchito yake mu malo oyamba anapita ndakatulo skaldic, monga iye yekha anena ake oyamba. Iye anagwira mawu andakatulo ambiri otchuka, koma pa nthawi yomweyo ufulu ochepa ndi chuma nthawi zambiri reprises storylines ambiri.

magwero

Wolemba mwakhama ntchito zambiri zinalembedwa malo choyamba sagas zosiyanasiyana za mafumu Norway. Iye nakokera nkhani, wakale amunamuna nthano. Choncho, pang'ono tingaone mu ntchito yake yatsopano zigawo chikhalidwe. The zikuchokera wa pachiyambi unali osati waliteteza. Anafika ife yekha imalemba akonzi munthu, Mabaibulo, zikhale zovuta kwambiri ntchito kudziwa pachiyambi, choyambirira, mawu oyambirira. Komanso pa ntchito yake anatchula Snorri Sturluson za Asilavo. Choncho, analemba za dziko, yomwe inali kumpoto kwa Black Sea. Iye aitana mtsinje Don (choonadi, mu bukhu lake, amamupatsa dzina lina). Mu maganizo ake ndi madera awa, kenako linaikidwa Ancient Russia, anali m'mphepete mwa dziko lapansi, ndipo kumeneko anthu osadziwika.

ntchito zina

Mu 1220-1240-ntchentche katswiri analemba "The Saga Egils." nthawi Yesu anatembenuka mbiri ya dziko lawo ndiponso mu mawonekedwe m'nthano za mbiri ya ntchito Iceland, kuyambira 9 mpaka m'ma 11. Pakati pa nkhani - nkhani skald Egil, amene kuperekedwa monga chithunzi maganizo kwambiri. banja lake kosamugonjera mafumu, koma pa nthawi yomweyo ndipo sachita poyera ndi iwo. Snorri limatiuza ankayenda mu maiko Masewerera a Nordic, chifukwa mu ndakatulo wake. Mu ntchito yake yatsopano, akuuza nkhani ya mibadwo ingapo, kulola kuti atumiza ndi panorama lonse la anthu Iceland mu nthawi oyambirira. M'nthano mawonekedwe angapo obfuscates leni mabuku a mbiri yakale, koma tsopano amaziona ngati gwero la Saga wa mbiri yakale wa Iceland.

ntchito ina yodziwika kwa wazambiriyakale - "Osiyana Saga wa Olaf Woyera." Izi Norway-mfumu moyo ndi kulamulira m'ma 11 ndipo anakhala hristianizatorom woyamba dziko lawo. Iye anafa mu 1030, koma chaka chotsatira anali canonized. Snorri mu ntchito yake limafotokoza nkhani ya zochita zake kunja kwa dziko, kulimbana kwake ndi Swedish King, kuthawa ku Russia Ndikabwerera kunyumba kupezanso mphamvu, ndi canonization wake.

m'zaka zaposachedwapa

Ntchito andale a wolemba zachitika mofulumira ndipo mwamsanga, koma momvetsa chisoni kwambiri. Tanena kale kuti anathandiza Jarl Schooley, amene anali regent mafumu zazing'ono Norway. Komanso amapereka lingaliro la Mgwirizano wa Iceland ndi Norway. Ndi udindo uwu iye mwachibadwa anali ndi adani ambiri. Lowani yake, mfumu, ndithudi, akhoza satsatira udindo mbiri ndale. Otsutsa kunyumba komanso mwakhama kulimbikitsa kumana naye mphamvu zake. tangle izi zotsutsana zinachititsa kuti anafa momvetsa chisoni: wolemba adaphedwa mu 1241, ndi nkhani oopsa umaonekera imodzi sagas, kuti chisoni tsoka la wasayansi wotchuka amadziwa mwina iliyonse skandinavets. Snorri Sturluson, amene mabuku opereka mbiri yakale kwambiri kutukula kwambiri kuti mabuku ndi historiography.