Sayan: msinkhu. Sayan Mapiri ndi Altay aliyense apamwamba?

Sayan - phiri lamba la Siberia. Iwo agawidwa mu machitidwe awiri; West ndi East. Pankhaniyi ali perpendicular kwa wina ndi mzake. Malinga ndi asayansi, Sayan Mountains mapiri aang'ono, zomwe si zaka zoposa 400 miliyoni. Mitundu ina kumene iwo anapanga chiyambi chiphala. Chifukwa cha Kupenda malo ndi zofukulidwa imachitika panali mfundo zimene poyamba inali pano Ocean. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi algae unayambira ku miyala.

Russian phiri - Sayan

Nyengo mu mapiri anapanga zaka mamiliyoni ambiri zapitazo ndipo komabe sanasinthe. Pamene dziko la "malamulo" Ice Age, Sayan anali zophimbidwa ndi chipale chofewa. Kenako inakhazikitsidwa zigwa ang'ono ndi malo otsetsereka, kawirikawiri chifukwa zinyalala kugwa. Pambuyo isanayambike wa likutentha, kuwundana, thawing anapereka kwa mapangidwe nyanja zosiyanasiyana.

Sayan ali kuti? Kum'mawa nufikira chakumwera kwa Baikal. Mountain orogenic lamba wake, ndilo lotchedwa Central Asia. Nkhanizi Geological imatengedwa wamkulu mu Russia. Komanso, phiri kapena deta ayi otsika ku Alps, ngakhale kukongola, kapena kukula kapena kutalika.

Mpaka lero, angapo nsonga mapiri ndi Kuphunzira glacial. Ndipo zimakhala snowfields, amene masango zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chisanu m'madera simuchita kunja dzuŵa.

mapiri Sayan pa mapu Russian inu mukhoza kuwona, ngati inu mutayang'ana kum'mwera kwa Siberia. Iwo ili dera la Federation ndi Mongolia. Pa Sayan Mountains - polumikiza m'mapiri awiri osiyana mtunda ndi kukhala bwino malire mzere. Mfundo ya mphambano - chapakati Sayan.

West Sayan

Kodi izi phiri lamba kutalika? Sayan mapiri kumadzulo kuuka kwa Mamita 3 zikwi.. Utali - 650 Km. Mnansi kum'mwera kumadzulo ndi Altai. mapiri mapiri ndi otsetsereka kwambiri, olimbika mtunda, ndi kudzikundikira yaikulu ya miyala.

zitunda Western kuwonjezera vertically. Mu kum'mwera kumadzulo lokwera otchedwa Saldzhur, pakati - Saylyg Khem-nayonso, pafupi ndi gombe la m'dera Yenisei dzina lake Sayan.

Zingamvekere zosiyanasiyana za kutsikatsika mtunda utali. Sayan Mountains Mwachitsanzo, pafupi ndi malire a nkhalango ndipamene mkulu ya m'mapiri mtunda. Kwa iye, khalidwe lililonse ndi otsika ndi kunkakhala, ngalande ndi pansi kwambiri.

Middle lamapiri mpumulo chimaposa kum'mwera ndi kumpoto. Zitunda yosalala, mosabisa. Komanso, kuzungulira mapiri ambiri zigwa mtsinje amene ali kale nayonso m'nkhalango.

Zima frosty, kasupe mochedwa. Kusungunuka chisanu amatenga malo mochedwa May. Chilimwe suchedwa kutha, ambiri kuwomba mphepo yozizira. kunagwa chipale chofewa nthawi zambiri anamuona pa July ndi August. Mu September tili ndi zambiri zivomezi.

Cavities ali utakhazikika mofulumira, kotero mapiri kutentha zambiri kuposa beseni ndi.

kum'mawa Sayan Mountains

Ndipo kodi kutalika a kum'mawa? Sayan mapiri kumeneko ukufika 3.491 m. Dongosolo Izi phiri chopingasa kum'mwera Siberia, ndi Krasnoyarsk Gawo, dera Irkutsk, Buryatia ndi Tuva.

Kum'mawa Sayan akuyamba pafupi Yenisei ndipo itha pa m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Baikal. dongosolo phiri ili mu zone nyengo zikuchepa chokhala. Zima zonse frosty ndi yaitali, ndi chilimwe - yochepa ndi kuzizira. Mu January, kutentha osachepera ^-25 ° C, ndipo mu July - 12 ° ^C imagwera mpweya osiyana (kuchokera mamilimita 300 800 mamilimita pa chaka) pa chilichonse otsetsereka.

Pafupi ndi phiri ili oundana ndi mitsinje. nyanja unakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha kusungunuka ayezi. Near tunka osiyanasiyana anapeza ndende yaikulu ya mchere.

Kuteteza chilengedwe, kulenga m'mapaki ndi nkhokwe ili pafupi ndi mapiri.

Biota

Sayan Mountains, chithunzi cha amene bwino mwa nkhani, wolemera mu nkhalango, yomwe ndi mitengo kawirikawiri - spruce, mkungudza, Oil. Iwo zili pamalo okwera mamita 1500. Zambiri pali kubzala deciduous-pine.

Nyengo ndi wovuta: chogwidwa ndi yozizira, mphepo yamphamvu ndi yotenthera ozizira. Relief zambiri olimbika, koma m'madera ena alimbane, yokutidwa Titafika pamalo. M'madera pali chinyezi chokwanira, pali meadows ndi zitsamba yaing'ono kumera.

Palinso kukula zipatso: raspberries, currants, strawberries, strawberries ndi ena.

nyama zambiri kuonedwa ndi nkhandwe, mphalapala, agologolo, akalulu. Woodpeckers, grouse, capercaillie, jays - mbalame zonse izi zimapezeka mu nkhalango, yomwe ili malo otsetsereka.

Mitsinje ndi zokopa alendo

Sayan mapiri - mapiri, khadi lomwe kwathunthu zikusonyeza ukulu wake amakopa alendo. Popeza dongosolo chimakwirira pafupifupi lonse la Siberia, n'kovuta kuphonya. N'chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri anachezeredwa ndi okwera ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Malo wokongola kwambiri (pambali pa mapiri) ndi mitsinje yaing'ono, nyanja ndi mathithi. Kumalo amenewa nyama kuti pang'ono anakhudzidwa ndi dzanja. Palinso nkhokwe chikhalidwe.

Sayan Mountains (photo: onani m'munsimu) ali olemera mu mtsinje. Ali ndi zakudya wosanganiza ndi predominance wa chisanu ndi mvula. Onse a iwo a beseni wa Yenisei, komanso chiyambi chawo ndi Large ndi Small Yenisei. The chidwi kwambiri ndi wokongola mtsinje angatchedwe Bii-Khem. M'litali - 600 Km. Ndiyamika malo ake kwabasi, ndi ambiri anapita ndi m'madera amenewa.

Altai mapiri

Mmodzi wa okongola kwambiri m'mapiri a Altai amaonedwa. dongosolo, imene ili mkulu mfundo zokwanira anagawa kudzera mitsinje ndi chibowo. kutalika kwake ndi chiyani? Sayan Mapiri ndi Altay si wosiyana kwambiri ndi mzake, koma iwo ali kutalika osiyana. Kodi mukuganiza mapiri pamwamba - Altai ndi Sayan? Kambiranani za izi mtsogolo.

Mpumulo ndi mbali Geological

Mpumulo umene wafala pa Altai, ali osowa mu kachitidwe phiri. Ndi zovuta kukumana scree ndi thanthwe mathithi, zitunda ndi mapiri, magalimoto ndi Carling, nsonga ndi zigwa ndi mabeseni.

Asayansi amanena kuti Altai Mountains inakhazikitsidwa mu m'badwo Caledonian. Komanso Mesozoic ndi Nthawi Ukachenjede anakumana nyamuka chachiwiri. zaka zambirimbiri zapitazo, pansi pa phiri wakhala wothinikizidwa chifukwa cha zinthu zachilengedwe, kotero panali mapangidwe lamapiri.

ndi mapiri pamwamba zimene: Sayan ndi Altai?

West Sayan anatambasula chifukwa 600 Km. kutalika kwake okwana -. 3976 mamita chapamwamba ndi Mongun nayonso. Kum'mawa Sayan litayamba zambiri danga, m'lifupi ukufika 1 zikwi Km, ndi kutalika - .. 3491 mamita mapiri ankaona kuti waukulu Munch-Sardyk.

Lokwera yaikulu ya Western Sayan Sayan Ridge ndi okulira. mfundo zake apamwamba imatengedwa kukhala pamwamba Kyzyl Taegu, kutalika imene imafikira 3121 m.

Kulumikiza mapiri onse Sayan kupanga yaikulu "Belogorye" ndi "mapuloteni". M'madera ena pali "mfundo", ndipo malo awo ndi odzitukumula (okwera mamita 2982) ndi Munch-Sardyk.

Belukha - pamwamba pa Altai Mountains. Apa ndi chiyambi cha Katun Mtsinje. Dzina amachokera chakuti phiri nthawi zonse yokutidwa ndi matalala, kuchokera pa chiyambi mpaka kumapeto. M'malire Russian Federation ndi Kazakhstan akudutsa ndendende mwa dongosolo lomenyera Belukha.

Beluga ili pa Katun osiyanasiyana. kutalika kwa phiri - 4509 Km. Iwo ankaganiza oposa theka la ayezi lokwera. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pafupifupi phiri lonse ali ndi ayezi. Nyengo yozizira m'chilimwe ndi waufupi ndi mvula. Mu January, kutentha angafikire kwa -48 ^{° C} mu March, izo limatuluka kuti -5 ° ^C.

Altai pang'ono pamwamba pa mapiri Sayan. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi onse makhalidwe a kachitidwe phiri nsonga chawo chachikulu.