"Sherman" vs. "Amabereka". Akasinja ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse

Posachedwapa pa kanema inaonetsa filimu latsopano ndi mkulu wotchuka K. Shakhnazarov "White Amabereka". Thanki, kenako chithunzi amatenga dzina lake, anakhala khalidwe zoipa, pamodzi ndi ndithu chamoyo thanki Soviet. Zake ngati tikuyamba ndi woopsa kwambiri nyama kubisala mu chithaphwi, ndi kukwawa pa kusaka ndi. Mufilimuyi luso, izo ladzala ndi mndandanda associative, parabolas ndi njira zina, ikuthandizira mmene akumvera mumtima mwawo pa wowerenga lapansi. Choonadi m'njira zakale ndi pafupifupi kumeneko, koma ataona mankhwala pali kumvetsa kuti Hitler Germany anali mitundu wapadera zida, zomwe zimapanga kuwononga anagwirizana magulu oti muli nazo zida. Ndipo ngati Red Army anali WWII akasinja kuti ingathandize kupirira alimbane cha mdani, ndiye ogwirizana odwala kwambiri.

akasinja chochuluka

Lililonse asilikali kumenyana kuwonjezera zidutswa wapadera amakonda kuti misa opangidwa kwathunthu makina. The Soviet asilikali pa nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, analandira zikwizikwi "tridtsatchetverok" ndi HF, dziko la Germany zambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito T-III ndi T-IV, British anali "Matilda", "Churchill" ndi "Cromwell". Serially opangidwa ndi thanki American M4, dzina lake polemekeza Civil nkhondo ngwazi General William Sherman, ndi kumpoto. Kwa mbali zonse luso, makina anali kunja kwa tsiku, koma kuchuluka yomwe inapangidwa, kupereka mwayi kwa chigonjetso. Amatipatsa M4 ndi USSR, koma udindo wapadera mu nkhondo iye alibe ankaimba. mathanki Soviet amakonda WWII akasinja wathu, koma mu nthawi ya nkhondo mwa njira iliyonse, koma malangizo ndi malamulo. Komanso, chitonthozo cha adalira chipinda anali wosiyana alipidwa usilikali kwathu modzichepetsa zinthu wovutika anali wabwino moto ulamuliro zipangizo, ndi wailesi American ntchito zabwino basi. Maganizo ndi zina mwayi kupulumuka, kumenyana mu "Sherman" sikunali kokwanira.

Normandy 1944

Iwo anayamba kumenyana "Shermans" vs. "Amabereka» T-VI mu June 1944, pambuyo landings anagwirizana pa kugombe la kumpoto kwa France, m'chigawo cha Normandy. Vuto ofala ndewu, pomwepo anaulula zolakwika zambiri zokhudza zonse za galimoto kapangidwe American. Kusungitsa anali ofooka osati kwa German 88 millimeter zipolopolo, iwo anagunda pa nthawi imeneyo sakanakhoza kupirira pafupifupi thanki uliwonse mu dziko. zida Omwe sanali oyenera, rifled mfuti osati kwa likungosonyeza ake (75 mm), kuchokera linasiyidwa mu USSR chifukwa cha dzuwa otsika, komanso kutalika kwa mbiya Kodi ziyeneretso ano. Cannon akhoza kugunda chandamale pa mndandanda wautali, ndi kudza pafupi thanki M4 "Sherman" sanathe, ndi chozemba amenenso anali ndi mavuto ndi kamangidwe.

Zotsatira pa mbiri kufala

Location powertrain ndi German, ndi American ndipo British akasinja pa nkhondoyo inali kutsogolo. Gearbox zili pa mphuno za makina pafupifupi maiko onse popanga magalimoto oti muli nazo zida, ali ndi ubwino controllability. Koma zolinga zawo n'kogwiritsa vuto lalikulu kwambiri mu kukula msinkhu wa m'galimoto, kapena, kuika chinenero asilikali luso, ku mbiri kukula. The makina flattened, kosavuta ndi kubisa izo m'makwinya a alili, zimakhalanso zovuta kugunda izo. Front-wokwera gearbox amakakamizidwa zimamufikitsa ku injini tinakwera kutsinde Choncho, pansi pa nsanja ayenera kukwezedwa. Kuchuluka kulemera (kuchuluka owonjezera amafuna malire). Wopanda kudya injini mphamvu, mafuta. akasinja yathu kumenya nkhondo molimbika, buku mkati mwa aakulu si wosiyana, koma unachita aang'ono poyerekeza ndi kumenyana makhalidwe abwino. Nkhondo kuti anali "Shermans" chifukwa "Tigers" Komabe, mamangidwe chilema, nayenso, sizinali choncho kwambiri. Iwo anatenga ndi magalimoto German, ngakhale masiku ambiri.

Mtima "Sherman"

Pa nthawi ya nkhondoyo, injini dizilo zida ndi akasinja yekha Union. Popeza kuti petulo utsi ndi zikuphulika chuma, kudziwika kwa onse. M4 thanki "Sherman" anali okonzeka ndi injini osiyana. Bwino kwambiri zosinthika - Aviation 350-HP Ngelezi injini mtundu, koma anabwera mochedwa. Powerplant Baibulo M4A4 inkakhala galimoto zisanu (kuchokera "Chrysler") L6. Za mmene "timu" ndi zonenepa 30 ndi makandulo, katunduyo gimbal, tingakhale ongoganizira chabe. Aliyense katswiri oti muli nazo zida maganizo amenewa makonzedwe adzachititsa chisoni. Wina anali ndi kusinthidwa wa M4A2, anayambika ndi injini awiri dizilo, "General Zamagetsi". Komanso si mphatso, koma bwino. Onse injini amenewa makampani US kwa luso mwangwiro mtendere, kupatulapo 500 amphamvu "ndi V8 Ford", cholinga mwachindunji akasinja, koma anaonekera ndi kutha kwa nkhondo ndi analinso petulo. Komabe, lotengeka ndi awa "zodabwitsa za luso" ndi gulu la iwo, "Sherman" chifukwa "Tigers" anamenyana. Zinali zovuta ndi zoopsa.

Magetsi T-VI

makampani German, komanso American ndi British, nayenso, pankhondo lonse sanathe kulenga apamwamba ndi thanki zipangizo zambiri zamakono dizilo mphamvu zokwanira. Koma vuto la injini zamphamvu Nazi Germany akadali powasamalira. Lolemera thanki "Amabereka" (ankamvetsera pafupifupi 55 matani, kuyerekezera: "Sherman" - 30 m) nathawitsidwa ndi 700 ndiyamphamvu injini chizindikiro "Maibach" zosintha ziwiri. Ndi impressiveness onse ndalamazo, muyenera khutu ku zilipo mphamvu chizindikiro ndi chiŵerengero cha mphamvu kulemera. Iwo likukhalira kuti mbandakucha "Sherman" pafupifupi kuposa zizindikiro maneuverability German katundu thanki "Amabereka". Makhalidwe a makina awiri awa, monga liwiro, makoma surmounted ndi ngalande, etc., Kodi osiyana pang'ono. Komabe, ambiri kulemera Kodi bwanji m'malo ena ambiri, osati abwino.

bogies

Bwino kuyimitsidwa, amagwira ntchito monga mbali yaikulu ya galimotoyo, nthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, anazindikira kuti anayambitsa kapangidwe American Christie. Ndipo mu kapangidwe Soviet. Si anayamikira paliponse kupatula USSR. Mukamakambirana koyilo "Sherman" involuntarily ukapezeka poyerekeza ndi ulimi makina. Amakhala trolleys asanu Buku, omwe ili odzigudubuza awiri: pafupi zofanana pa mathirakitala - ogwira ntchito m'minda.

Koma ogwetsa zambiri mu mbali akuthamanga zimapangitsa thanki "Amabereka". Makhalidwe makamaka misa chinachititsa okonza German kukonza woonda "zikondamoyo" movutikira. njira Zimenezi zinathandiza kuchepetsa katundu yeniyeni pansi, koma zovuta kwambiri ntchito ndi kukonzanso. Odzigudubuza ndichotse, disassembly ndi m'malo amatenga nthawi yaitali, yeniyeni katundu anaima osati mlatho uliwonse, ndi Mumakonda kuyenda sitima nsanja wakhala gehena moyo asilikali German.

kusiyana cilamulo

Za momwe nkhondoyo zinachitika mu Normandy, anthu ambiri amene anapulumuka anauza nkhondo itatha, American ndi mathanki British. Zinali zovuta, nthawi zina kusonyeza zodabwitsa za luso ndi kulimba mtima. Kuchepa kwa "sikelo kutali" aliyense adzawonongedwe T-VI pafupifupi atatu akufa M4. Pakuti Western Front imfa ya nambala lalikulu la asilikali anali achilendo. Chifukwa zolephera zambiri kuti "Shermans" vs. "Amabereka" kulimbana Sizinali. Iwo anali kuti athandizire oyenda pa ntchito zolawula. Kuti agwire ntchito, iwo anali nazo zonse zofunikira, kuphatikizapo zida zida zankhondo. Koma "Amabereka" unali pathupi thanki wowonongayo. Ndipo chifukwa kuti nayenso anali onse. A sayenda mkulu wa ofunkha thanki, akuchita chapatali, si koyenera.

ntchito machenjerero

Mu filimu "White Amabereka" thanki, zamatsenga ndi kovuta, akuopsa mukulira injini ndi kumasula mphamvu ndege utsi, amachoka paliponse, kuwonekera kusanachitike Soviet "Makumi." wojambula amaloledwa kulota, koma kwenikweni nkhondowo adalira T-VI Angakonde zinthu patali, pozindikira ubwino mfuti yaitali-likungosonyeza, kuwombera molondola ndi kutali. Anathandizira njira zimenezi ndi Zeiss Optics kwambiri, amene sanali mu makina athu, ndi American, nayenso.

Koma "Sherman", kuti mwayi yaikulu, anafotokoza zambiri za mphamvu ya makampani US, angathe kubala Zinatumiza ngakhale luso ungwiro. M'zaka za makina nkhondo ya mtundu uwu anapangidwa pafupifupi zikwi 50 zidutswa. Zipolopolo anali riveted kugwirizana kwa zomera mphamvu tanenera kale, mfuti sanali zosoŵa za kutsogolo, koma panali ambiri, ndi Germany chabe analibe nthawi kuthana nawo. Ndipo, tisaiwale, ngakhale maganizo amphamvu Kumenyana ofooka monga asirikali a Army US, ndi mathanki "Shermans" anthu olimba mtima.

nkhondo itatha,

"Tigers" zinali zovuta kwambiri popanga kwa nkhondo makampani German wakhala kupeza kuŵeta. T-VI-X linatulutsidwa mu 1942, zidutswa 1354 chabe, ndipo ngakhale mphamvu buku sanali kuwapulumutsa kuwonongedwa pafupifupi asilikali mgwirizano.

American thanki, ngakhale zoposa specifications wodzichepetsa asilikali, anakwanitsa kutenga mbali ambiri nkhondo mapeto a 40s wa, anapulumuka makumi asanu ndi ngakhale mu zaka 60 nawo Arab Israel nkhondo. Iye anali wachitatu misa chitsanzo magalimoto oti muli nazo zida mu dziko, kupereka ulamuliro kwa Soviet T-34 ndi T-54.