Squamous khansa selo m'mapapo: kufotokoza, zimayambitsa, matenda ndi mankhwala mbali

Yoopsa matenda, monga khansa, zaposachedwapa kukhala zachilendo. mankhwala amakono amayesetsa kupeza mankhwala chimene chingalepheretse matenda. Koma, mwatsoka, mpaka pano, palibe njira anayamba sapereka ndi chitsimikizo mtheradi kuchira zonse. Sizachilendo m'mapapo squamous. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, khansara atengeke amuna.

kudwala Kufotokozera

M'mapapo khansa - wamba kwambiri, zilonda neoplasm. matenda amabweretsa pamodzi mitundu yambiri ya matenda.

Kuonetsetsa zotsatirazi yonse ya kudwala:

• kakang'ono khungu;
• large-;
• squamous selo carcinoma ya phapo;
• adenocarcinoma.

matenda amenewa ndi osiyana mu dongosolo, mlingo kuchulukana, mlingo wa kupitirira. Mtundu wa za matenda a khansa mu ambiri a milandu kumachitika squamous khansa selo m'mapapo. Choncho madokotala kunena. Kudwala amachokera maselo squamous wa zimakhala zaminyewa.

Chifukwa amaonedwa carcinogens. Izi zinthu zachilengedwe ndi mankhwala ena amene umalowa mu thupi mwa dongosolo kupuma. Choncho, osuta katundu, anthu a mizinda ndi mpweya wowonongeka, anthu ntchito m'mafakitale woopsawo, ngozi ya matenda ndi mkulu.

Kodi kukhala chotupa chija? Pamwamba wosanjikiza bronchi maselo M'mimbamo kuli yokutidwa ndi cilia. Iwo kubweretsa phlegm pamene akutero. Zowononga zinthu kulowa dongosolo kupuma, zimathandiza kuwonongedwa kwa cilia lapansi. Mu malo awo, kukula maselo lathyathyathya minofu zaminyewa. Kugawilidwa kwanthaka akhoza kuwonetsedwa. Chifukwa cha stagnation wa sputum ayamba. Komanso, amatope komanso zikugwirizana ndi mankhwala zoipa. Izi amalenga malo abwino mapangidwe zotupa.

Zoyambitsa ndi zinthu zimene zimachititsa kuti matenda

Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane chifukwa pali squamous khansa selo m'mapapo.

The zifukwa kwa maonekedwe a zotupa zilonda ziwalo kupuma monga:

1. Lekeza si yeniyeni matenda. njira yotupa mu bronchi ndi - matenda. Matenda oyamba ndi mycobacteria TB. Pa mtima wa chitukuko cha khansa angathe kugona chibayo pafupipafupi.
2. Majini china. matendawo akuti ndi cholowa anthu ngati kudwala osachepera atatu m'banja.
3. Age mbali. Kawirikawiri kudwala akufotokozera anthu pambuyo pa zaka 60.
4. Matenda a dongosolo endocrine.
5. ntchito sikumatha zomera zoipa.
6. Kusuta. khalidwe la anthu ambiri, pafupifupi waukulu chimayambitsa khansa ya m'mapapo. Zatsimikiziridwa ndi chakuti osuta nthawi 30 zambiri kudwala kuposa munthu amene akana ndudu. Inhalation utsi wa fodya pa mucous ya zikukhazikitsa pafupifupi 4,000 zinthu zoipa. Iwo amatha kupha maselo wathanzi. Komanso zoipa chabe kusuta.
7. Malawi pansi zakhudzana ndi zinthu nyukiliya.

gulu la matenda

Lero, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zilonda squamous zotupa selo m'mapapo.

Common ndi gulu chonchi:

1. Squamous keratinizing (kusiyanitsidwa) khansa ya m'mapapo. Yodziwika ndi mapangidwe maselo keratin. Izi khalidwe la mapangidwe otchedwa ngale khansa. Ngati nthendayo anapezeka mu magawo oyambirira, izo amayankha bwino mankhwala. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kudziwa kuti ndi mtundu oopsa kwambiri a matenda.
2. Neorogovevayuschy squamous khansa selo m'mapapo (undifferentiated). fomu iyi amakhala ndi kukhalapo kwa maselo mitotic ndi polymorphism. Ena mwa iwo anyamula keratin. mtundu uwu matenda kwambiri zilonda mawonekedwe. Umapezeka milandu pafupifupi 65%. Amadwala mawonekedwe a makamaka amuna oposa 40 zaka. Pakuti kudwala amakhala ndi chitukuko mofulumira. mwamsanga pali metastases. Iwo kudutsa mu lymph mfundo za muzu m'mapapo kukhudza fupa minofu, chiwindi ndi ubongo. Mogwirizana ndi kukula mofulumira zambiri mu matenda a matenda wodwalayo kale metastasized.
3. maphunziro Low kalasi. maselo zilonda zosiyanasiyana isanafalikire payokha. Izi kwambiri complicates kumupima. Mkulu chiopsezo matenda pachithunzichi. Nthawi zambiri kumafunikanso chitukuko cha adenocarcinoma. Metastases bwanji chiwindi, ubongo ndi zopangitsa adrenal. matenda kukodwa amapereka zokhumudwitsa Mapa. Pa kudziwika kwa matenda langoyamba, mankhwala kupereka zotsatira zabwino.

Malinga mbali anatomical kusiyanitsa:

1. Chapakati squamous selo carcinoma ya phapo. kudwala Izi zimawonedwa pafupifupi 2/3 odwala. Iwo amakhala ndi imfa ya bronchi lalikulu. Nthawi zina ngakhale bwanji trachea.
2. Zotumphukira. Kungakhale squamous selo carcinoma ya m'mapapo lamanja kapena lamanzere. Akumana mtundu uwu mu 3% ya milandu. Childs, matenda amenewa alibe zizindikiro. Mu minofu m'mapapo kupweteka mathero. Chifukwa, chotupacho angathe kukula, sapereka gwero. Ndiye izo amakhudza ziwalo bronchi ndi pafupi. Pali magazi. Tikumbukenso kuti m'mapapo lamanja sitichedwa matenda, chifukwa makhalidwe thupi.

yosowa kwambiri mitundu atypical khansa:

• mwiniwakeyo;
• mediastinal.

zizindikiro

Squamous selo khansa ya m'mapapo angayambe nthawi yaitali popanda kusonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse. Zovuta matenda yake.

Pakuti matenda amakhala ndi zizindikiro amenewa:

1. Youma, zambiri zimachitika mu chonyowa, chifuwa yaitali. Kenako zoonera angayambe. Iwo umboni kuti kukondoweza kwa n'kukathera chotupa bronchial. Sputum limodzi ndi chinthu chosangalatsa fungo ndi zosafunika a mafinya.
2. Zikamera ndi chibayo pafupipafupi ndi pleurisy.
3. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa matenda m'phuno limapezeka mawu ndi husky. Nthawi zina mawu atayika kwathunthu. chizindikiro ndi zina mwa keratinizing zotupa squamous.
4. Kumverera chosowa mpweya. Atelectasis. Pali kufupika kwa mpweya chifukwa cha kulemala m'mapapo mpweya wabwino.
5. Kutopa, utachepa ntchito.
6. Zala ayamba kusakhazikika.
7. kuchepetsa thupi.
8. Pafupipafupi kwambiri, menyerani mu mtima, mikono, kumbuyo, ululu. Zizindikiro khalidwe mu magawo ina ya matenda.

siteji pathological

Njira ya matenda lagawidwa ndi mlingo wa kupitirira.

Kuonetsetsa kudwala monga squamous carcinoma foni ya phapo, Gawo 4:

1. Chotupa kukula sanali kuposa 3 cm. Metastases ali kwina.
2. mapangidwe kuposa 3 cm. The chotupa akhoza kukula mu pleura lapansi. Pali anthu ena a atelectasis.
3. Neoplasm chimakwirira minofu ozungulira. Atelectasis imakhudzanso kuwala konse. Metastases bwanji lymph mfundo.
4. Chotupa adzabwere oyandikana ziwalo zina (monga mtima, mitsempha).

matenda a matenda

Kudziwa squamous khansa ya m'mapapo ndi yovuta mokwanira. Ndipotu, kudwala uyu ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi matenda ambiri kupuma monga chibayo, chifuwa chachikulu, abscesses. Ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu chimene nthendayo wapezeka yekha mu masiteji otsiriza.

Mu mtima amaganiziridwa matenda anatumiza mayesero amenewa:

• pachifuwa X-ray;
• X-ray;
• lamellar X-ray kulingalira;
• CT;
• bronchoscopy;
• onkomarkery lembani CYFRA, SSC;
• thoracoscopy (pa zomwe biopsy watengedwera).

Matenda a matenda amafuna njira mwadongosolo. Chifukwa khansa amatha yodzibisa wekha m'mikhalidwe inanso.

chithandizo matenda

Chithandizo milandu amene anapezeka squamous selo carcinoma ya phapo, anachita mwa njira zingapo:

• mankhwala;
• radiotherapy;
• opaleshoni.

Kumene, yekha dokotala angathe molondola kusankha machenjerero zofunika za kulimbana ndi matenda a khansa. Pakuti onsewa anatumizidwa munthu mankhwala chiwembu.

Bwino akamagwira chithandizo, imene njira pamwamba amaphatikizidwa.

njira opaleshoni

Malangizo kapena opaleshoni phukusi - ndi odalirika kwambiri ndi njira yaikulu ya chithandizo. zotsatira zabwino amapereka njira opaleshoni, ngati amatengedwa mu kupitirira sitepe 1.

Komabe, opaleshoni angapo a contraindications kuti:

• maphunziro chimapwetekanso pakhosi,
• zoopsa aimpso ndi chiwindi,
• pambuyo infarction m'mnyewa wamtima.

Morning

Chithandizo cha squamous selo khansa ya m'mapapo ntchito mankhwala amakono mankhwala kumawonjezera mwayi kuchira mu nthawi 4.

Koma, mwatsoka, si maselo onse khansa ali tcheru anticancer mankhwala.

mankhwala cheza

Njira ya mankhwala ntchito ionizing radiations. mankhwala cheza ndi anasonyeza odwala amene n'zosatheka kugwira ntchito.

Njira imeneyi mankhwala nthawi zonse umachitikira ku 3-4 matenda siteji. Popewa pofuna kukwaniritsa zotupa n'chotheka 40% odwala. Pakuti bwino kwenikweni ray njira ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala amphamvu.

kaonedwe

Tiyembekezere zotani wodwala matenda ndi squamous carcinoma foni ya phapo?

Kulosera tsogolo la matenda kumatengera zifukwa zambiri, pakati ndizo

• kupitilira siteji;
• makhalidwe munthu wa chamoyo;
• Luso la madokotala;
• zachipatala mapulogalamu.

Ngati chotupa ndi wapezeka pa siteji 1 kapena 2, palibe metastasis, kapena pali zina mwa mwanabele ndi chotupa payokha musalumphe 3-5 cm kukula, Zoneneratu zosiyana. Mlingo kupulumuka kwa odwala ngati ali - 80%.

N'zochititsa chidwi poipa madokotala ananena zawo odwala ndi gawo 3 wapezeka. Mlingo kupulumuka akutsikira 25%.

Pa 4 siteji ya kupitilira zanyengo zokhumudwitsa kwambiri. Komabe, mothandizidwa ndi chisamaliro palliative akhoza kwambiri patsogolo khalidwe la moyo wodwalayo.