State Nature Reserve Zeya, Amur Region

dziko Russian ndi okongola achilengedwe. Kuwateteza ku zochita zoipa za munthu, ngodya kutetezedwa analengedwa pa mlingo boma. Malo awa ndi ndodo Zeya Reserve amene anatha kusunga chikhalidwe pafupifupi wawo.

Location, zimachititsa chilumbachi

Kotero, kuli Zeya Reserve? m'gawo lake wa Far East Federal District ndi kufupi ndi malire Russian ndi China. Administratively amatchedwa Region Amur.

malo The akuchita kum'mawa kwa lokwera ndi dzina lachinsinsi Tukuringa kumene lamapiri mtunda anawoloka yopapatiza mtsinje chigwa Zeya, amene ulemu ndi dzina chinthu. Osati kutali ndi mzinda wa Zeya, ali ndi mbiri yakale.

Malo otetezedwa - mahekitala oposa 82 zikwi. zimachititsa chilumbachi ake amakhala ndi otsetsereka (70 madigiri) ndi watersheds mosabisa kuti kulamulira bottoms wa zigwa mtsinje wa mamita 400-600. mitsinje yodziwika ndi mozama kwambiri, kuchuluka pamakomo ikulendewera mkamwa ndi mathithi.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe cha m'dera limeneli

Zeya Reserve anakhazikitsa njira imene lapadera Soviet miyala ndi nthaka Alexander Stepanovich Khomentovskii. Ambiri, kukhazikitsidwa anali akadali makumi Mu zaka zapitazo, koma kwapita patsogolo yekha mu zaka zao za sikisite lapansi. Kubadwa Chaka Reserve anayamba 1963rd.

cholinga chake chachikulu kuteteza ndiAmene ndi kuika Buku malo okwera ndi kuphunzira kwake. Komanso, asayansi apa kuti kuwunika mphamvu ya Zeya mosungiramo pa zinthu zachilengedwe.

Ntchito ikuchitika mu malo nkhalango woyang'anira, nkhalango ndi othandizira awo, ali wapansi, atakwera pa kavalo, ndi bwato kapena mabwato zonse kuyendera dera akuyang'anira ndi kusunga dongosolo.

mbali nyengo

Nyengo ya malo ndi kuzizira mwapang'ono. pafupifupi pachaka kutentha - opanda madigiri anayi sikisi. M'nyengo yozizira kutentha akutsikira ku madigiri makumi atatu pansi pa ziro, ndi m'chilimwe kawirikawiri limatuluka pamwamba vosemnatsati.

Zima bwino, malovetrenaya youma. Chipale kugwa pang'ono, koma chifukwa kutentha otsika likhalebe khola, zilibe kusungunula ndi mu yozizira, kuchokera October mpaka April. Kutalika kwa chisanu wofuka pa zigwa ndi m'tsinde m'madera ukufika masentimita makumi awiri, koma kwambiri kumwamba, matalala kwambiri. Aliyense kilometre kutalika chivundikirocho ndi chinawonjezeka ndi masentimita makumi atatu.

Spring pa malo a azimveka mphepo, koma mvula imagwera otsika kwambiri. kutentha likhalebe mokwanira ozizira. Chilimwe Zeya Reserve zosayembekezereka alendo ake ndi chinthu chochititsa chidwi - mu malire chapamwamba cha mitsinje pa maziko a maluwa chitumbuwa unmelted ayezi. Ambiri, chilimwe m'madera ambiri a gawo amakhala ndi nyengo ofunda ndi chinyezi. M'dzinja louma ndipo mphepo. The mpweya osachepera kugwa mu October.

The dothi mu malo a

Chivundikiro nthaka malo sangathe adzatchedwa chonde. La kum'mawa kwa lokwera la pafupi ndi zoni wa Madzi oundana, ndipo ichi ndi mbali yaikulu pa nthaka. Wosanjikiza achisanu ndi madzi, kenako kuphimba mapiri ndi overdried ndi miyala. matendawa, A nthaka ndi ufa M'malo mwake, pa-ano zimalimbikitsa chinyezi, amenenso subala chonde.

madamu

mitsinje zonse zomwe zimadutsa m'dera la malo akugwirizanira ku chigwa cha mtsinje Zeya, amene Zeya mosungiramo anamanga.

Asanalengedwe opangidwa nyanja mtsinje ankasiyana khalidwe otsutsa. Movement pa zinali kovuta chifukwa cha mlingo waukulu otaya ndipo ambiri shoals ndi mathithi. Za kuopsa kuyenda pa mtsinje amasonyeza mayina a ziwalo: Large ndi Small odya anzawo, Mdyerekezi uvuni, etc.

Kamodzi m'chilimwe Zeya kusefukira, ndi midzi yapafupi akuikidwa pa madzi. Kudzera madamu munthu anakwanitsa zikhale ndi wokanika. Today Zeya ndi waukulu ndipo akubweretsa zambiri zothandiza kwambiri kuposa kale.

Malo okwana pansi matupi madzi otetezedwa ndi mahekitala 770. Kwenikweni ndi mtsinje. Pali zithaphwi.

masamba dziko

Masamba malo zone ndi phiri Titafika pamalo, boreal zovuta. Mu mmunsi mwa lokwera ndi larch yowala ndi chindwi rosemary; pamwamba basi nkhalango coniferous ndi phiri osowa phulusa, birch ndi wamaonekedwe a nkhope yaubweya thanthwe (pansi pano ali ndi zobiriwira Moss); ndi pamwamba penipeni pa khoma moti limakula zokwawa mkungudza.

Anthu otsetsereka a lokwera, amene akunenedwa kwa posungira, yodziwika ndi nyama Manchurian. Plateaulike watersheds osauka zake zomera - iwo ndiwo malo Titafika pamalo amene yokutidwa ndi zitsamba ndi zitsamba.

Reserve Zeya kudziwika m'nkhalango Ajan spruce, amene agwedeza kukula kwake. Mitengo kufika mamita makumi atatu kutalika ndi mita mu girth. Iwo amakhala kwa zaka zinayi. Ena mwa malo kumene Oil poyamba moto, tsopano inamera larch Gmelin.

Dambo zomera pokha malo, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri zotsatira za moto, pamene m'malo a m'nkhalango anatentha Ajan spruce bango kuoneka wofiirira ndi Sugawara.

Lokwera angatchedwe Tukuringra Ufumu wa bowa. Apa iwo anali kale 158 mitundu. Ena mwa iwo kuwola ndinso nkhuni akufa. Ku mitundu edible zimapezeka motere: bowa woyera, boletus wamba, wofiira boletus, greasers, ndi larch chikasu agaric weniweni, duwa, Lactarius pubescens.

Lichens zimapezeka 155 mitundu, komanso anapeza mtundu makumi awiri ndi chimodzi cha bryophytes. 637 mitundu ya zomera mtima angapezeke mu malo a.

Zitsamba chogwidwa ndi rosemary zakutchire, Dahurian rhododendron, blueberries, Rosa acicularis, pafupifupi Spiraea ndi kumulowetsa. The madambo ndi nkhalango yonyowa ndi nkhalango spruce pali sedges osiyanasiyana aconite Lyubarskii, utoto, Pedicularis Labrador, Volzhanka Asian, Maianthemum bifolium, wintergreen, fern. Nkhalango youma kukula nthenga, buttercup Japanese, Amur carnation, Violet palmate, mitundu yambiri ya geranium, goutweed phiri, aster Chitata, Kozelec chowala.

Zeya Reserve: nyama ndi mbalame

Asanalengedwe wa Zeya mosungiramo zosiyanasiyana nsomba mu malire m'munsi ndi chapamwamba mtsinje zosiyana. Pambuyo alipo mwa mtsinje Zeya m'matangadza Nathenje, Grayling, whitefish, chub msanga anakana. Komabe, chinawonjezeka chiwerengero cha gudgeon, dace, rotan ndi minnow.

gawo Reserve amagwira ntchito monga anaima kwa mitundu ya nyama. Malinga ndi okwera kuchokera kumpoto chakum'mwera anasamukira zinyama a kum'mawa Siberia. A zigwa za mitsinje, kudutsa mu malo otsetsereka, anadutsa zikwi anthu Amur nyama, chotsatira, pa mwake, kumpoto.

Zeya Reserve anatchuka chifukwa nthenga mwake, kutanthauza a nkhuku omwe pano kuposa kwina kulikonse Far East. Pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana kwambiri - otuwira grouse, capercaillie, ptarmigan ndi Titafika pamalo, spruce grouse, etc.

Koma nyama hoofed si kwambiri. Iwo akhoza kutchedwa mphalapala, roe nswala, wofiira gwape ndi musk nswala, ndi ngakhale pa nthawi akubwera Boar.

Mwa malo ndi ambiri sable, ermine ndi ena anthu ena weasel lapansi. Nthawi zina abwera kudutsa amphaka a. M'mphepete mwa phiri mitsinje mabanja a anthu 3-5 moyo mimbulu. Mu zonse altitudinal malamba wamba bulauni chimbalangondo. Ambiri, dziko nyama pa malo otsetsereka a Tukuringra lokwera mwangwiro nayonso.

Amateteza nyama yosowa

Ntchito malo a Cholinga maximally kusunga mitundu zina za nyama ndi zomera, amene alipo ambiri.

Ngati ife kulankhula za zomera, mu Russian Federation Red Book aphatikizidwa, monga slipper yamunthu (weniweni ndi macranthon) epipogium leafless, Paeonia obovata, calypso anyezi, etc.

Mwa mbalame n'zochepa spruce grouse kale tatchulazi, komanso tsekwe yaing'ono, Baikal Tilu, Chimandarini bakha, kadzidzi, kabawi, wakuda dokowe ndi ena.

Nyama zina amatha kusiyanitsa mdani amene anatchuka chifukwa cha Region Amur ndi Far East ambiri. Izi ndi Siberia kambuku. mitundu ina pangozi, kuteteza pano - Solongo.

zokopa alendo

Sitingathe kunena kuti Zeya Reserve touristy. Komabe, ndi Malo otetezedwa, ndipo pamaso pa anthu, muyenera kuchepetsa pano. Koma amene anali mwayi zokwanira kuti adzafike kuno, anakaona malo adzabweretsa zambiri zosangalatsa.

Tcheru apaulendo oyenera kowonera zakale chikhalidwe wotsegulira mu 1991. Mukhozanso kukonza tsiku kukwera kapena ulendo madzi kukawona paulendo kuti Char.

Goltz otchedwa gawo pakati pa osiyanasiyana Tukuringra, kutetezedwa ndi nkhalango phiri Titafika pamalo ndi mkungudza elfin nkhuni. Ndipo pa mfundo imeneyi phiri anatsegula maganizo zazikulu za Zeya mosungiramo, chigwa kwabasi Ndipo msana. Mu nyengo bwino, mtunda mwangwiro kuonekera pa mtunda wa makilomita 150.

The oyera mphepo ya m'mapiri, nkhalango pristine, mwayi kukumana ulendo wanu chilombo, komanso kafukufukuyu panorama zamatsenga kupanga Zeya Reserve wokongola kwambiri kwa alendo amene akufunafuna lokoma ndi amafunitsitsa zosangalatsa zokongoletsa.