Sultanate la Oman: Chidwi Mfundo

Zachilendo dziko ndi mbiri yakale - ndi Sultanate la Oman, enawo amene adzakhala weniweni kum'maŵa nthano, tsopano akukonda mwa alendo ochokera konsekonse mdziko. Apa abwino kuphatikiza utumiki apamwamba, zinthu kwambiri maholide gombe ndi chidwi ulendowu pulogalamu.

nkhani

The Sultanate la Oman, mbiriyakale zinatenga zaka zambiri, ngati malo kuthetsa anthu kuyambira nthawi Paleolithic. Panali njira ndi anthu Africa kwa Asia. Mu 4-3 Zakachikwi BC, Oman, m'dera anali anthu amene anali kuchita malonda ndi Mesopotamia, Hindustan, Egypt ndi Ethiopia. Mu 6 m'ma BC m'gawo anali kugonjetsedwa ndi Aperisi ndipo anapitirizabe m'manja mwawo kwa zaka zambiri. Mu 7 m'ma BC dera lino anakhala mbali ya ku Arab Caliphate, iwo anayamba Islam. Mpaka m'ma 16, m'dziko lino chimakhala chogwidwa ndi Aluya. Kenako, dziko la kulamulidwa ndi Chipwitikizi, amene nthawi anamuchotsa Aperisiya.

Only mu 1650. Imam Sultan bin Saif amamasula gawo ndi kulenga zimachitika palokha. Kuyambira dziko wayamba kusintha ndi kukuza. Mpaka cha m'ma 19 Oman ndi membala wa wamphamvu kwambiri Oman Ufumu. Panthawi imeneyi, gulu la gawo pakati pa ana a mfumu ina ya. Dera la Oman ano kugwa pansi protectorate British.

Mu zaka za m'ma 20, iwo amayamba kulimbana kwa mafuko munthu ndipo gulu Odzipatula madera a kumtunda kwa dziko. Mu 1938, watsopano Sultan Anati nkhokwe Taimur, amene anali wokhoza pogonjetsa mbali mkati mwa dziko, anabwerera ku dziko la mlingo akale chitukuko ndi kasamalidwe. Izi zinachititsa kuti zivute zitani zipolowe, ndi mphamvu popanda thandizo la dziko la Britain ku July 1970 akubwera Sultan Qaboos nkhokwe Anati, amene pang'onopang'ono amanga moyo mu dziko. Iye zamakono chuma zinthu zokhudza bomalo. Mu 1987, dziko anatsegula alendo wayamba kumanga zomangamanga latsopano.

madera

Oman lero chimakwirira kudera la makilomita 300 zikwi lalikulu kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa ku Arabiya. Kutalika kwa malire ndi 3400 Km. maiko oyandikana la Iran (mwa Khwalala ya Hormuz), ndi United Arab Emirates ndi Yemen. A mbali osiyana boma kupanga Musandam chilumba, amene asakhalenso ena a Arab Emirates, Masirah Island ndi zilumba-Kuria Muria.

Mpumulo wa dziko ali makamaka mosabisa, zili kumpoto kwa Hajar Mountains ndi chimbuzi - phiri Jebel Shams (3000 m). Oman - louma dziko, palibe mitsinje okhazikika, mitsinje zosakhalitsa akhoza kuoneka chifukwa cha mvula.

Kuyang'ana mapu a dziko, munthu akhoza kudabwa amene mizindayi likulu la Sultanate la Oman: Muscat, Salalah, Suveyk, Ibri kapena Barca? Likulu boma ndi Muscat, ena kutsogoleredwa ndi mayunitsi awo kayendetsedwe ndi zoona, aponso, ndi likulu, koma pa sikelo zochepa. m'zigawo zonse 11 ku dziko likuima. Mu Muscat ndi kunyumba kwa anthu za 730 zikwi, ena midzi pali pakati pa 80 130 zikwi anthu.

nyengo

The Sultanate la Oman ndi otentha m'chipululu nyengo. Apa, kutentha konse akutsikira m'munsimu madigiri 20. Koma ambiri, nyengo ya dziko zosiyana kwambiri. M'mphepete mwa nyanja woyendera nthambi chilimwe tsiku zambiri umafunda digiri 40, kutentha yafupika ndi madigiri 10 usiku Koma kumpoto ndipo mkati mwa masika ndi chilimwe amakhudzidwa ndi mphepo chipululu ndi kutenthetsa kwa madigiri 50. The matalikidwe a kusinthasintha kutentha ndi yokulirapo zina kufika madigiri 30. Zima pafupifupi masana ndi madigiri 25, ndipo usiku kusiya kwa 10-15. M'madera m'chipululu, ambiri yozizira usana kutentha mwina madigiri 30-40 usiku ndipo ngakhale 2-5. Madzi kutentha mu Gulf konse kugwa m'munsimu madigiri 24, kotero kusamba nyengo kumatenga chaka chonse.

Oman a nyengo youma kumabweretsa chakuti m'madera ena m'chipululu cha mvula mukhoza kupita kangapo pa chaka. Pa gombe, mvula zambiri m'nyengo yozizira, msinkhu wawo si zoposa 200 mm. Kwambiri mvula (500 mamilimita pa chaka) ndi m'madera a mapiri a dziko. Nthawi yabwino zokopa alendo ndi zapakati pa October kuti April, pamene pali nyengo kwambiri zosangalatsa.

polity

The Sultanate la Oman mu zawo pandale - ndi mafumu mtheradi. Sultan akutumikira monga mtsogoleri dziko, Mtsogoleri Wamkulu, Nduna ya za okhonda, Finance ndi silikhali, a Chief Imam ndi Justice Chief. Mwachindunji pansi pa iye nduna, chomwenso ndi zoikidwa ndi Sultan.

Lamulo lalikulu mu mphamvu dziko ovomerezedwa ndi Sultan, ozikidwa pa nzeru zawo ndi Koran. Mu boma linaletsa zipani zandale ndi mabungwe malonda. Mphamvu mu dziko wobadwa nawo, palibe chisankho si unachitikira.

Mpaka 1970, Oman chatsekedwa ndi boma. Masiku ano, mfundo yachilendo kwa Sultanate la Oman zasintha, iye amafuna kuti tipeze kudziwa zambiri m'bwalo lonse. The State ndi membala wa League of Arab States, United Nations, "Conference a Chisilamu". Dziko ali wamng'ono akatswiri asilikali ndi limagwiritsa ntchito pa wokhutira pafupifupi 11% ya GDP.

chuma

Maziko a chuma ndi m'zigawo ndi kugulitsa mafuta. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ndi Sultanate umalimbana diversifying chuma, kufuna kukhala m'magulu ena kupanga, makamaka kwambiri chuma kuponyedwa pa chitukuko cha zokopa alendo. Lero, mu dera Persian akuyamba likunena kupanga mtundu watsopano wa boma - ndi Sultanate la Oman. Information za kutopa mwina nkhokwe mafuta ndi mitengo kuchepetsa mafuta amakakamizidwa dziko athe kutenga kuyang'ana njira yatsopano ya chitukuko.

Isanafike chitukuko mofulumira kudera chofunika cha chuma Oman maziko ake anali pa ulimi wa ulimi. Dziko lero ndi katundu yaikulu ya zipatso. M'zigawo nsomba ndi nsomba amalola boma osati zosoŵa za m'banja, komanso katundu mankhwala amenewa. Zinamangidwa pa mphambano ya njira nyanja zimathandiza Oman kupindula kutumiza. The Sultanate mndandanda wa mayiko 100 ndi GDP apamwamba pa munthu, koma kuchepa kwa mitengo mafuta ali loopsa kwambiri kwa bata zachuma. Natenepa lero magulu onse anasiya kukhala mafakitale awo ndi chilengedwe cha zomangamanga apamwamba alendo.

anthu

The Sultanate la Oman lili ndi anthu pafupifupi anthu 4 miliyoni, pafupifupi theka la amene anaikira kuzungulira likulu. Kachulukidwe ndi anthu 15 pa km². M'zaka zaposachedwapa, mlingo imfa likunena otsika kubadwa. The zaka apakatikati a Oman - zaka 24. Wamphamvu mtundu - Chiarabu (80%). Pakati pawo kusiyanitsa mafuko mbadwa (Arab-Aribot), yomweyo anapita ku Yemen ndi kusakaniza dziko (ayenera-Aribot). M'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja chogwidwa ndi mulattos. M'chigawo cha Dhofar amakhala anthu angapo amene amadzitcha okha "Kara". M'magazi mwawo kuposa chigawo Negroid ndipo chiri pafupi m'zilembo mafuko Aitiopiya. Komanso moyo m'dziko Amwenye, Aperisiya, mafuko woyendayendawu.

The chipembedzo cha boma la Oman - ibadizm. Izi nthambi ya Islam, amene isiyana ndi Sunni ndi Shia.

chilankhulo

The chinenero - Arabic, koma m'madera ambiri amalankhula zinenero zina zambiri awa, amene ali ovuta kuyerekeza ndi Baibulo nthawi zonse. Komanso, ambiri mafuko woyendayendawu kugwiritsa ntchito malirime awo, ndi wosanganiza makolo. Koma m'madera onse alendo wa mkulu mlingo wa English bwino. Likulu la Sultanate la Oman, pafupifupi onse amalankhula chinenero cha UK, choncho kulankhulana mu hotelo, odyera kapena shopu sikukutanthauza mavuto alionse.

chikhalidwe

The Sultanate la Oman, amene zaka chikwi mbiri umaonekera miyambo ndi, ali ndi chikhalidwe wapadera, kumene inu mukhoza kuwona mbali ya kumatikumbutsabe Arab ndi Yemeni komanso a zikhalidwe ku Britain ndi Portugal, ndi mgodi waukulu wa makhalidwe Muslim. The chithumwa moyo m'dera Tingaone, atakhala pa msika. Apa mutha kuona zovala dziko, ziwiya, zodzikongoletsera, penyani, kulankhula ndi anthu am'deralo mzake kulawa weniweni chakudya dziko. N'kosavutanso kuona zosiyanasiyana wopandamalire onunkhira kum'maŵa ndi kugula nyumba zikuluzikulu khofi.

Oman ngati dziko Muslim amafuna m'malo okhwima mu moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, koma mapwando osangalatsa kwambiri ndi wokongola. Ramadani - mmodzi wa maholide chachikulu, chimene chimagwiritsidwa chikondwerero kwa masiku angapo. Pa nthawi imeneyo anthu kuvala zovala zawo zabwino, kuyimba, kuvina, kuphika zakudya tchuthi.

Mu dziko lino, iwe ukhoza kukhudza moyo primordial wa East, osafikiridwa ndi chitukuko. Atsogoleri kutsogolera alendo zokambirana osema lodalirika 'kumene katundu wachikopa amapangidwa, nsalu zitsulo. zinthu izi adzakhala kachikumbutso kwambiri abwenzi.

zowoneka

Lero, mmodzi wa mayiko zotsangalatsa ndi otetezeka ku Arabiya - ndi Sultanate la Oman. Zokopa za dziko anapitiriza mbiri yake yaitali. Pakati pa malo yaikulu ya boma monga:

• forts wa Jalali ndi Mirani, mkati limene sipangakhale, komanso kuoneka chidwi awo;
• waukulu wachitatu mu dziko Mosque wa Sultan Qaboos ozunguza lonse ndi kukongola;
• Al Mattrah msika - tingachipeze powerenga kum'maŵa bazaar;
• Sultan Palace Indian kalembedwe.

Komanso, zokopa ndi wapadera zachilengedwe malo: Mountain Sabhan, lagoon, chipululu Vahida Tumizani, mitengoyi mu Dhofar, dziko limene zofukiza wakula. M'dziko lino mukhoza kuona zodabwitsa zambiri, koma zimapangitsa zinkakhalira bata, kuyeza, miyambo.

Miyambo ndi malamulo

Sultanate - ndi dziko Muslim ndi mowa si olandiridwa. Choncho, zakumwa amphamvu amagulitsidwa yekha masitolo wapadera ndi chilolezo chapadera wosindikiza apolisi. Alendo akhoza kumwa mowa odyera ndi mipiringidzo mu mahotela.

The Sultanate la Oman, chithunzi cha apolisi ndi asilikali amene analetsa, salola alendo kulowa mumzikiti. Ambiri, pano ndi malo lililonse limatisokoneza kuposa anthu am'deralo, koma ayenera kukhala aulemu ndi bata.

Oman sanaulandire kutenga chakudya ndi dzanja lako lamanzere, izo alakwira makamu. Akazi osavomerezeka zovala kuvumbulutsidwa ndi zolimba mu mzinda, komanso galimoto ndi kumayenda kudutsa mu mzinda yekha.

khitchini

Kuyesa choyambirira Arabic zakudya, tipite kwa Sultanate la Oman. Tours ku dziko lino zambiri pomanga m'njira monga kugwira ulendo gastronomic mfundo zabwino Catering. zakudya National ndi kwapafupi woyengeka ndi chidwi kwambiri chifukwa cha ntchito ya zonunkhira zosiyanasiyana.

Maziko a menyu, masiku, barele ndi tirigu mikate, msuzi masamba, mpunga yophika, nkhosa mbale, ng'ombe ndi nsomba. Iwo yokazinga pa makala pa malovu, kodi mbale ndi minced nyama mphodza ndi masamba. mbale onse anali ndi msuzi masamba salyuna, kuwonjezera zambiri tomato ndi nyemba, makamaka nyemba. Wa zinthu zofunika kwambiri mu chakudya amapereka mkate - huzu aliyense wapabanja ndi kuphika kuchita kwa Chinsinsi chanu. Mkate kudyedwa ndi msuzi, nyama, ndi kupanga masangweji wapadera ndi nkhuku kapena nsomba. Ndiwo zochuluka mchere amakhalabe kwa masiku ndi zouma zipatso. Oman amapanga mtundu wa halva - halua. Dziko ali zambiri ntchito ya khofi, wokonzeka amphamvu kwambiri, popanda shuga ndi zonunkhira.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Sultanate la Oman - malo wangwiro pamadzi. magombe ake mu madzi bwino mwamtheradi mukhoza kuona osati miyala yamtengo wapatali, akamba, nsomba zambiri zokongola komanso nsombazo, barracudas, moray eels, zinsomba.

Mosiyana ndi likulu la UAE, Muscat - tauni yaing'ono imene chimakhala chogwidwa ndi nyumba otsika-nyamuka, n'kovuta kupeza nyumba za simenti 10 ndi zambiri.

Oman - wokongola dziko msewu. Palibe njanji, koma 35 zikwi Km misewu apamwamba. Pali pafupifupi palibe chotipinga. Mu likulu, amene kutalika ndi za 30 Km, mungathe kufika kulikonse mu mphindi 20-30.

Pafupifupi onse madzi abwino mu dziko - chifukwa cha desalination, kotero kwambiri. M'pofunika kudziwa, kupita Sultanate la Oman.

zosangalatsa

Reviews kuti boma tsopano mofulumira afotokozerane ndi UAE pa mlingo wa utumiki ndi chitonthozo. Hotel m'munsi makamaka kuimira 4-5 Map nyenyezi. Magombe ndi yoyera yabwino mchenga, momveka madzi nyanja ndi dzuwa pafupifupi chaka chonse - izi ndi ubwino Oman. Alendo dziko walenga zinthu zonse: ku likulu la masitolo ambiri, odyera, maulendo ziperekedwa mu chipululu. Okonda kuk ali paradaiso: mungathe osati kubwereka zipangizo zonse, koma ranso.

Komanso, Sultanate la Oman, ena choyenera kwambiri osiyanasiyana lero, amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu alendo chidwi. Dziŵani chikhalidwe wakale, kufufuza zipilala za chikhalidwe Muslim ndi nyengo kulamulira ndi kugula ulendo mabungwe ambiri.

nkhani zothandiza

Mu Oman, palibe mabasi ndi magalimoto, ndi analogue a marshurtok wathu, koma iwo yekha Amwenye ndi osamuka osauka. Choncho, malo onse galimoto yomwe inu nthawi zonse kutenga hotelo.

Akazembe a Sultanate la Oman ku Russia, yomwe ili pa adiresi :. Staromonetny, 14 Omanga 1, kumathandiza Russia kuchititsa ntchito ya mishoni ndipo ndi wokonzeka kuyankha mafunso ambiri.

Ku Russia kuti Oman palibe flights mwachindunji, kotero kuti ntchito ndege yapafupi: Dubai kapena Doha.

Nthawi kusiyana ndi Moscow ndi ola 1.

Oman - Dziko mwachilungamo otetezedwa, akuba ndi matenda pano - m'chipani. Koma kuba - ndi zofala kwambiri, makamaka pakati pa alendo. Choncho muyenera mosamala kuwunika chuma chawo pa ndege, hotelo, pa gombe.