Tcheru kuchepekedwa matenda ana: Zizindikiro ndi uphungu. ADHD - tcheru kuchepekedwa ofuntha matenda ana

Tcheru kuchepekedwa Matenda ndi ambiri matenda a ubongo ndi khalidwe. Anapezeka ndi kupatuka 5% ya ana. Ndi ambiri mwa anyamata. Matendawa imatengedwa osachiritsika, nthawi zambiri, mwana chabe limakula. Koma kudwala kwathunthu kusiyiratu. Umaonekanso khalidwe sakonda, maganizo, osokonezeka maganizo ndi matenda ena. , Zizindikiro za wosawoneka mwamsanga zaka sukulu kupewa ichi, nkofunika kuti nthawi matenda tcheru kuchepekedwa matenda ana.

Zovuta kusiyanitsa yachibadwa kusadziletsa kapena kupanda ulemu kwa kuyan'anila ndi kwenikweni mu chitukuko maganizo. Vuto lina n'lakuti makolo ambiri safuna kuvomereza kuti mwana wawo akudwala. Iwo amakhulupirira kuti khalidwe osafunika ndidzadutsa ndi zaka. Koma ngati kampeni kungachititse kuti mavuto aakulu kwa thanzi ndi psyche mwanayo.

Kaperekedwe Chisamaliro kuchepekedwa Matenda

zopatuka izi chitukuko ubongo anayamba kuphunzira zaka 150 zapitazo. Aphunzitsi ndi akatswiri a maganizo aona zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti ana ndi mavuto khalidwe ndi zomwe zikutsalirazi kumbuyo maphunziro. Izi zimaonekera makamaka gulu, kumene mwana ndi kudwala izi sangathe kupeza, chifukwa iye ndi maganizo osalimba ndipo sangathe kudzigwira.

Asayansi apeza mavuto onsewa gulu osiyana. Kudwala anapatsidwa dzina - ". Tcheru kuchepekedwa ana" Zizindikiro, chithandizo, zimapangitsa, ndipo zotsatira adakali akuphunziridwa. Madokotala, aphunzitsi ndi zamaganizo athandizeni ana awa. Koma bola ngati matenda imatengedwa osachiritsika. Momwemonso zimaoneka ngati tcheru kuchepekedwa matenda ana? Zizindikiro za n'zotheka kusiyanitsa mitundu itatu ya matenda:

1. Monga kupanda chidwi. Mwana anabalalika, mwapang'ono, sangathe kuganizira chilichonse.
2. Ofuntha. Kumaonetsa irascibility, impulsivity ndi kuchuluka zolimbitsa thupi.
3. Obwerawa maganizo. Izo zimachitika nthawi zambiri, choncho nthawi zambiri amatchedwa kuphwanya tcheru kuchepekedwa ofuntha matenda - ADHD.

N'chifukwa chiyani anthu ndi kudwala?

Asayansi sangathe kudziwiratu kudziwa zimene zimayambitsa matenda. Malinga ndi kuyang'anila yaitali anasonyeza kuti maonekedwe a ADHD zoyambitsa zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Majini chingawapangitse kukhala zidakwa.
• mbali payekha ya ubongo.
• Osauka chilengedwe: kuwonongeka kwa zinthu mpweya, madzi, banja. Kutsogolera makamaka zoipa.
• Ndinakumana ndi poizoni mu thupi la mkazi wapakati: mowa, mankhwala zakudya zakhudzana ndi mankhwala.
• Zovuta ndi pathologies pa gestation ndi ntchito.
• Vutoli kapena matenda a ubongo ana aang'ono.

Mwa njira, nthawi zina kuvutika zingachititse chowawa maganizo m'banja banja, kapena njira yolakwika maphunziro.

Kodi matenda ADHD?

N'zovuta kwambiri oterewa nthawi "kuchepekedwa chidwi ndi ana." Zizindikiro za matenda kuoneka bwino pamene tili kale kuwonetseredwa mavuto kuphunzira kapena khalidwe la mwanayo. Nthawi zambiri, pamaso pa matenda ayamba kuganiza aphunzitsi kapena zamaganizo. Makolo ambiri ali ndi mavuto khalidwe akuwachititsa m'badwo kovuta. Koma atayesedwa ndi zamaganizo akhoza oterewa tcheru kuchepekedwa matenda ana. Zizindikiro, mankhwala ndi makhalidwe ndi makolo mwana kuphunzira mwatsatanetsatane. Njira yokhayo asiye khalidwe ndi matenda aakulu kwambiri mukadzakula.

Koma kuti atsimikizire matenda n'kofunika kuchita kufufuza zonse. Komanso, ayenera kusunga mwana kwa miyezi isanu. Ndipotu, matendawo akhoza kukhala chimodzimodzi pathologies osiyana. Choyamba, m'pofunika kuti achotse matenda a maso ndi kumva, pamaso pa kuwonongeka kwa bongo, khunyu, kakulidwe yomweyo, zotsatira za mankhwala m'thupi kapena wothandizila poizoni poizoni. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kumupima mwana titero tiyenera zamaganizo, madokotala, Madokotala aubongo, gastroenterologists, madokotala, kulankhula madokotala. Komanso, khalidwe matenda mwina situational. Choncho, matenda wapangidwa yekha ndi kuyan'anila khama ndipo kobwereza, kuwonetseredwa kwa nthawi yaitali.

Tcheru kuchepekedwa matenda ana: zizindikiro

Kodi kuchitira izo, asayansi si bwino. vuto ndi kuti kudwala n'zovuta oterewa. Chifukwa zizindikiro zake zambiri lifanane ndi kwanthawi mwachizolowezi mu chitukuko ndi analeredwa zosayenera, mwina owonongedwa mwana. Koma pali muyezo winawake amene angazindikire kuvutika. Kusiyanitsa zizindikiro kuchepekedwa tcheru ana:

1. Zonse kuyiwala, malonjezo zosakwanira ndi yosatha ntchito.
2. Amalephera kumvetsera.
3. Maganizo Kusakhazikika.
4. Wopanda taonani, madzi nokha.
5. Kusapezeka kupanda tsankho, amene amasonyeza chakuti mwana nthawi zonse wotaya chinachake.
6. Ana otere sangathe kuganizira phunziro wina. Iwo sangathe kulimbana ndi zinthu zimene zimafuna khama maganizo.
7. The mwana kawirikawiri amatengeka.
8. Iye anadziwonetsera matenda kukumbukira ndi retardation maganizo.

Ofuntha ana

Nthawi zambiri, vutoli kuchepekedwa limodzi ndi mwakhama galimoto ndi impulsivity. Pankhaniyi, ngakhale kovuta matenda, popeza ana awa zambiri kwanthawi kumbuyo mu chitukuko komanso khalidwe lawo amaganiza kuti kukhala ndi khalidwe loipa. Kodi, mu nkhani iyi akuwonetseredwa tcheru kuchepekedwa matenda ana? Zizindikiro za ofuntha ndi:

• Kugwiritsa talkativeness, kulephera kumvera interlocutor lapansi.
• Zonse wosakhazikika kayendedwe ka mapazi ndi manja.
• Mwana sangathe mungokhala chete, nthawi zambiri kudumpha.
• kayendedwe cholinga zinthu kumene iwo ndi osayenera. Ndipafupifupi kuthamangathamanga, kulumpha.
• Unceremonious kulowelera mu ena masewera, kukambirana, magawo.
• Njinga ntchito likupitirirabe ngakhale akagona.

Ana amenewa mopupuluma, aliuma, capricious ndi olakwikawo. Iwo alibe kudziletsa. Iwo sangathe kuletsa okha.

Kuphwanya thanzi

Sikuti kumaonekera khalidwe la vutoli kuchepekedwa ana. Zizindikiro za izo kuonekera zosiyanasiyana matenda a thanzi. Nthawi zambiri izi zimaoneka zikamera maganizo, nkhawa, khalidwe obsessive kapena wokonda mantha. Zotsatira za chisokonezo ndi chibwibwi kapena enuresis. Ana ndi chidwi kuchepekedwa snizhet kudya kapena kugona chisokonezo zimachitika. Iwo amadandaula mutu pafupipafupi, kutopa.

zotsatira pathological

Ana ndi matenda awa mavuto kupewa kulankhulana, kuphunzira, ndi zambiri mu ukupeza. Ozungulira chilango mwana, kuphatikizapo zokhumba zake khalidwe ndi khalidwe loipa. Izi kawirikawiri zimabweretsa kudziyang'anira ndi mkwiyo. ana awa posachedwapa kuyamba kumwa mowa, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kusuta fodya. Mu unyamata, amayesetsa khalidwe sakonda. Nthawi zambiri yovulala, akulowa nkhondoyo. achinyamata awa akhoza kukhala nyama nkhanza ndi anthu. Nthawi zina ngakhale wokonzeka kupha. Komanso, nthawi zambiri kumawonetsera mavuto a m'maganizo.

Pamene matendawa akuwonetseredwa mu akulu?

Ndi zaka, zizindikiro matenda kuchepa pang'ono. Anthu ambiri savutika azolowere moyo wabwinobwino. Koma ambiri a zizindikiro za matenda apitiriza. Patsalanso m'chikaiko chowakaikitsa, nkhawa zonse ndi m'chikaiko chowakaikitsa, irritability, ndi kusadzidalira. Ubale ndi anthu kufooka, nthawi zambiri odwala ndi maganizo nthawi zonse. Nthawi zina pali zinthu zinazake matenda, zomwe angathe kulowa akuchita misala. odwala ambiri amapezera mpumulo mowa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Nthawi zambiri matenda kumayambitsa malizitsani kudzitsitsa wa munthu.

Kodi kuchitira chidwi kuchepekedwa matenda ana?

zizindikiro matenda lofotokozeredwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zina mwana Amasintha ndi matenda amakhala osaonekera. Koma nthawi zambiri tikulimbikitsidwa kuchiza matenda, kusintha miyoyo osati wodwala, komanso kwa anthu ena. Ngakhale kudwala imatengedwa osachiritsika, zinthu zina adakali anavomera. iwo amasankhidwa payekha kwa mwana aliyense. Nthawi zambiri ndi njira izi:

1. Mankhwala.
2. Khalidwe kusinthidwa.
3. Misala.
4. Zakudya Special osaphatikiza yokumba zina, colorants, allergens ndi tiyi kapena khofi.
5. Physiotherapy - transcranial maginito kapena microcurrent kukondoweza.
6. Njira mankhwala - anati yoga, kusinkhasinkha.

kusinthidwa khalidwe

Tsopano chirichonse wamba chidwi kuchepekedwa matenda ana. Zizindikiro ndi kuwukonza izi kudwala ayenera kudziwika achikulire onse amene kucheza ndi mwana wodwala. Akukhulupirira kuti matenda sangakhoze anachiritsa kotheratu, koma mungathe kusintha khalidwe la ana, atsogolere anatengera awo mmadera. Zimenezi zimafuna nawo anthu onse padziko mwana, makamaka makolo ndi aphunzitsi.

magawo ogwira zonse ndi zamaganizo a. Amathandiza mwana kugonjetsa chilakolako kuchita zinthu mopupuluma, kulamulira ndekha ndi ayankheni moyenera kuti vutolo. Limagwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zokambirana, yoyerekeza zinthu kulankhula. kwambiri zosangalatsa njira imene imathandiza kuti asamavutike. Makolo ndi aphunzitsi ayenera nthawi zonse kulimbikitsa khalidwe olondola a ana awa. Only kuyankha zabwino kwa nthawi yaitali kuwathandiza kumbukirani momwe angachitire.

mankhwala

Ambiri mwa mankhwala omwe angathandize mwana ndi kuchepekedwa chidwi ndi zotsatira ambiri mbali. Choncho, mankhwala ntchito infrequently, makamaka Zikavuta, aakulu a ubongo ndi khalidwe kuvutika. The kaŵirikaŵiri Kwalamulidwa psychostimulants ndi nootropics zimene zimakhudza ubongo ndipo amathandiza kuti normalization chidwi ndi kusintha magazi. Iwo ntchito antidepressants ndi mankhwala kuchepetsa ofuntha. The mankhwala ambiri chifukwa ADHD ndi mankhwala zotsatirazi: "Methylphenidate", "Imipramine", "Nootropin", "Focalin" "Cere" "Dexedrine", "Strattera".

Nsonga makolo

Kuyesetsa anzake a aphunzitsi, akatswiri a maganizo ndi akatswiri ena akhoza kuthandiza mwana wanu. Koma ntchito yaikulu imagwera pa mapewa a makolo a mwanayo. Njira kuthetsa kupanda chidwi ndi ana. Zizindikiro ndi mankhwala a matenda wamkulu kwenikweni ayenera kufufuza. Ndipo pochita zinthu ndi mwana kutsatira malamulo:

• Nthawi yocheza ndi mwana, kusewera ndi kuchita ndi izo.
• Kusonyeza mmene amakondedwa.
• Musapereke mwana wanu yovuta ndipo mumamva. Mafotokozedwe iyenera kukhala yomveka bwino ndiponso yomveka, ndipo vuto - mwamsanga kuzikwaniritsa.
• Zonse bwino mwanayo kudzidalira.
• Ana ndi ofuntha muyenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Muyenera kutsatira ulamuliro mosamala tsiku.
• Osafunika khalidwe la mwana ayenera mokoma ulesi, ndi chinthu choyenera kulimbikitsa.
• Tisalole kutopa. Ana azipuma mokwanira.
• Makolo ayenera kukhala odekha nthawi zonse, kukhala chitsanzo kwa mwana.
• Kuphunzitsa bwino kupeza pasukulu tcheru munthu n'zotheka. Mu ena sukulu milandu kunyumba.

Only munthu njira Integrated maphunziro angathandize mwana kuti azolowere moyo wamkulu ndi kugonjetsa matendawa.