Text zilankhulo. Zigawo zokhudzana ndi makonzedwe a kuyankhulana

Text zilankhulo mu kutanthauzira masiku ano kufunika kwa magulu ena zamalankhulidwe lemba ndi anthu malamulo a mkati mwa kumanga, amene kuonetsetsa zamalumikizidwe.

Njira imeneyi kwa mapangidwe a m'lemba monga chithunzi zinenero silili.

zilankhulo ofotokoza, kufunika kwa amene pachimake mu 1920-50-ntchentche (woyambitsa - L.Blumfild) - makamaka tcheru asemanticheskomu njira lembalo. Mu mwambo uwu amaonedwa monga ya mayunitsi zamalankhulidwe ndi chizindikiritso cha ubale bwino zamalankhulidwe pakati pawo. kwambiri linaperekedwa kwa yomanga structural. Choncho wina dzina ofotokoza zilankhulo - structuralism.

Text zilankhulo, tikambirana mfundo za kugwirizana zogwirizana allocates nambala makamaka mwa zigawo zimenezi za malemba monga reruns. Iwo akhoza kukhala lexical, galamala, intonation, stylistic, etc.

Dziwani: nthawizina mobwerezabwereza m'lembali amati kukhala stylistic chilema. Tikumbukenso kuti izi sizichitika nthawi zonse. Mu kulankhula Mwachitsanzo, sayansi ndi journalistic chikhalidwe, kubwereza angathe kutumikira monga waukulu ambiri zamalankhulidwe injini kulingalira.

Lexical kubwereza ndi kubwereza kwa mawu omwewo, kapena mawu cognate. Ntchito Bwerezani angakhale osiyana:

1. zoti ambiri zinthu:

- Kwa anthu m'midzi, nkhalango, nkhalango, nkhalango (Melnikov Crypt).

- Pa nsanja podzaza anthu padziko, anthu.

2. Quality Mbali:

- Koma kapangidwe mosayembekezeka anali buluu buluu makoma.

- Mu utsi wakuda, amene adatuluka wa chitoliro, izo zinkawoneka woyera ndi woyera.

3. Kupereka zotsatira maganizo mtundu:

- Zima yosakongola kwambiri chaka chino, izo siziri inatha ndipo sinathe.

Tanthawuzo la "zilankhulo" si wotopa kwathunthu siyana zinenero, ndi chinthu monga zilankhulo malemba, ndi lonse kulankhula mogwirizana ndi nzeru, logic ndi subdivisions monga sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, nzeru yokumba, etc.

Pakuti malemba bwino ndi owerenga kapena omvetsera n'kofunika psycho-maganizo ubale, anasonyeza olalata.

"Siyense kungakhale kupereka kwambiri, koma ayenera kukhala wabwino." Mawu akuti wa chi America wolemba Michael Cunningham. Powasamalira kwambiri kuti kalembedwe lemba, analemba kuti: "Kudziwa mmene khama ndi kudzoza zipita kulemba bukhu, ine angathe kukhululukira wolemba kwambiri kukachitika kuti wina mzere zabwino mu malo ake, ndipo bukuli analembedwa ndi atsopano, chinenero chidwi, ngakhale iwo kuti wolemba ntchito mau omwewo kuti olemba American agwiritsira ntchito zaka zana zapitazo. "

Ndi koposa zonse, kumasonyeza maganizo afotokozedwa mu ubale zamalankhulidwe zigawo zake mu mawu mmene awo psycho-maganizo pa owerenga.

M. Sarton analemba mu Journal of Panokha: "Pita kunyumba, kulenga bata ndi mtendere padziko inu, ngati simungathe kulenga mkati nokha kuchita owerenga m'dziko wanu, kuweluza bwanji kuthawa ukapolo wa kukayikira mkati, Mofulumira, chisokonezo, kumverera, akukumana yokha. ., wolemba zimapangitsa chisoni izo Izi tingasonyezere mawu achidule: kulenga kuti mozungulira ngati simungathe kulenga mkati.

Cohesion (Mgwirizano wa lemba) - mmodzi chabe mwa magulu ambiri amene amangomvera zilankhulo malemba. Nayenso lililonse gulu amagwirizana ndi kumasulira akuti: kayankhulidwe, lemba la pempholo, etc. Tikumbukenso polingalira terminology yake yeniyeni ya zilankhulo lemba akali chitukuko.